河南省2019中考英語復(fù)習 第三部分 中考題型過關(guān) 題型一 聽力理解課件.ppt

,中,考,英,語,2019,第三部分中考題型過關(guān),題型一 聽力理解,CONTENTS,目 錄,PART 01 考情幫,PART 01 考情幫,命題點,考情總結(jié),中考聽力主要考查考生對英語口語的理解能力以及從所提供的語言材料中獲取信息、歸納判斷和正確應(yīng)答的能力。聽力內(nèi)容涉及面較廣,材料的情景豐富,話題牽涉面廣,且多為考生熟悉的話題,涉及天氣、喜好、購物、問路、打電話、活動安排等。河南中考聽力理解分值為20分,共分為三節(jié)。第一節(jié)為5段短對話,共5小題,每小題1分。第一節(jié)重點考查考生在一定語境中獲取信息及處理信息的能力,每段對話設(shè)有一個問題及三個備選答案。第二節(jié)多為3段稍長些的對話,1段獨白,共10小題,每小題1分。第二節(jié)重點考查考生在一定語境中獲取信息與推理判斷的能力,每段對話或獨白后有23個問題,每個問題有三個備選答案,其材料內(nèi)容比閱讀理解簡單,主要涉及交際性的口頭語言。第三節(jié)為短文理解,近幾年考查的都是圖片的匹配或排序,之前也有涉及讀地圖、句子排序等題型。第三節(jié)重點考查考生對較長語言材料的理解及獲取信息的能力。,PART 02 方法幫,方法幫,技巧點撥,聽力理解題相對其他題型而言比較簡單,大部分是對日常話題的考查,但是20道題目中一般會有35道具有一定難度的題目,如果考生能做到這幾道題目不失分,則能在考試中搶占先機。在做聽力理解題目時,考生可以運用以下幾種方法: (一)瀏覽題目,初步預(yù)測 在聽力錄音播放之前,考生不要著急去做筆試題,應(yīng)該充分利用這段時間快速瀏覽聽力理解題目題干要求及選項內(nèi)容,以及第三節(jié)的圖片信息等,預(yù)測話題范圍。這樣就可以有目的、有重點地去聽錄音,掌握做題的主動權(quán),從而提高做題效率。,方法幫,技巧點撥,(二)整聽細聽相結(jié)合 聽力錄音每部分的內(nèi)容都是播放兩遍,考生可區(qū)分一下兩遍的任務(wù)。比如,第一遍整聽,注意聽整體內(nèi)容,做到對信息的整體初步理解,并了解重點所在;第二遍細聽,對第一遍未聽清的地方,以及一些關(guān)鍵細節(jié)給予特別關(guān)注,并作出必要的判斷和推理。 (三)簡要記錄關(guān)鍵信息 要注意養(yǎng)成邊聽邊記的習慣。考生在聽的過程中要記錄一些關(guān)鍵信息,如時間、電話號碼、門牌號、日期、樓層等數(shù)據(jù)以及重要人物、職業(yè)、地點、原因、活動等。對于一些較長的關(guān)鍵詞可用縮寫或簡單的符號來記,只要自己能看懂即可,以防遺忘,便于做題時參考。常有考生內(nèi)容都聽懂了,但沒有記錄,在做題時猶豫到底選哪個。,方法幫,技巧點撥,(四)關(guān)鍵信息格外關(guān)注,細枝末節(jié)不可忽略 時間、地點等關(guān)鍵信息是中考?？键c,需要考生特別注意,但是,一些細節(jié)也不容忽視。比如稱呼,要注意兩個人物之間的稱呼,以及對話者對提到的其他人的稱呼等。Whats the relationship between the two speakers?也是聽力對話中?？嫉念}目,對于這類題目,常常需要由稱呼這個小細節(jié)來作出判斷。,方法幫,技巧點撥,(五)果斷放棄聽不懂的內(nèi)容 考生在聽的過程中,如果遇到生詞及聽不懂的內(nèi)容,要果斷跳過。不要因為某個細節(jié)或個別詞未聽清而分心,影響聽后面的內(nèi)容,造成聽取信息不完整,甚至錯過重點;不要在某個點上糾結(jié),以免前面沒聽懂,后面沒聽到;也不要因著急去做其中一個小題而耽誤了聽后面的內(nèi)容,撿了芝麻丟了西瓜,得不償失?？忌擞涗涥P(guān)鍵詞之外,還應(yīng)該把注意力高度集中在對對話或短文的整體理解上,從而更好地捕捉信息。,方法幫,技巧點撥,(六)注意排除干擾項 在中考聽力題中,通常不會簡單直接地給出答案,往往會設(shè)置一些干擾信息。有時三個選項錄音中都會提到,并且往往正確選項最后才現(xiàn)身,因此不要急于作答,應(yīng)該仔細聽,堅持聽完,再綜合考慮,最終作出判斷。 (七)仔細復(fù)查 在聽力錄音播放結(jié)束之后,考生要結(jié)合腦中保存的記憶和記錄的關(guān)鍵信息驗證一下答案是否正確,對之前不太確定的答案再進行仔細地推敲。,方法幫,高分指南,交通方式 交通方式是英語聽力題中的高頻話題。交通方式涉及的內(nèi)容主要有:on foot,by bike,by bus,by train,by plane等,與之相關(guān)的動詞(短語)有:walk,ride a bike,take a bus,take a train,take a plane或fly等。在瀏覽題目時考生可根據(jù)問題中出現(xiàn)的地點,大致猜測一下交通工具,如:去公園,常常用的是by bike,by bus或on foot;去美國則最有可能是by plane。因為英語中交通方式的表達有動詞和介詞兩種,而選項則常常以介詞的形式出現(xiàn),所以在做考查交通方式的題目時,考生一定要馬上反應(yīng)出所給選項相對應(yīng)的動詞表達。然后在聽錄音的過程中注意聽對話中是否將介詞表達轉(zhuǎn)化成了相對應(yīng)的動詞表達。,方法幫,高分指南,【典例1】2015河南 3.How does the girl go to school? A. By bus.B. By bike.C. By car. 聽力原文: M: Hi, Jessica. Why dont you go to school by bus? W: There are always many people on the bus. I prefer to ride a bike to school. 【思路指導】首先瀏覽問題,然后看選項;同時應(yīng)注意這三種出行方式的動詞表達:by bus相當于take a bus;by bike相當于ride a bike;by car相當于drive a car。在聽錄音的過程中一定要注意三個選項轉(zhuǎn)換出的動詞表達。根據(jù)錄音材料中的最后一句I prefer to ride a bike to school可知正確答案為B。,方法幫,高分指南,【典例2】2014河南 13.How did they get to the lake? A. By bike.B. By car.C. On foot. 聽力原文: W: What a nice day! M: Im glad we walk to the lake today. There are so many people here. W: Everybody wants to enjoy the beautiful day. M: I agree. I cant believe how clear the sky is right now. W: I know. And look! How pretty those roses are! M: You can tell its springtime. W: The flowers are blooming so beautifully this year. M: I think that guy is selling ice cream. W: Should we get some? M: I would love some ice cream right now. W: Its on me. M: Thank you. Thats very nice of you! 【思路指導】根據(jù)所給的三個選項,考生要馬上反應(yīng)出對應(yīng)的動詞表達:by bike相當于ride a bike;by car相當于drive a car;on foot相當于walk。根據(jù)錄音材料中的Im glad we walk to the lake today可知正確答案為C。,方法幫,高分指南,數(shù)字計算 在河南中招英語中,時間、價錢、時間段、頻率、順序、數(shù)量和重量等與數(shù)字相關(guān)的試題是高頻考查內(nèi)容。在考查數(shù)字的聽力試題中,一般考查直接聽到的數(shù)字的可能性較小,通常要經(jīng)過簡單的計算才能得出答案。所以考生首先要牢記問題,看問的是起床的時間,還是上學的時間;是買一個物品的價錢,還是買兩個物品的價錢等。然后在聽錄音的過程中將直接聽到的數(shù)字記下來,但一定要注意對話中的轉(zhuǎn)折內(nèi)容,最后再進行簡單的計算得出正確的答案。,方法幫,高分指南,【典例1】2016河南 2.When can Linda probably come to the party? A. At 6:30.B. At 7:00.C. At 7:30. 聽力原文: M: Linda, well have a party at 7:00 this Sunday. Would you like to come? W: Id love to, but maybe Ill be half an hour late. 【思路指導】在聽錄音的過程中,要注意記錄聽到的時間及轉(zhuǎn)折內(nèi)容。首先我們聽到at 7:00,這時要注意聽下文是否有轉(zhuǎn)折或時間提前或推遲的信息。結(jié)合下面聽到的內(nèi)容Ill be half an hour late可知,Linda將會晚到半小時,故選C。,方法幫,高分指南,【典例2】2016河南 9.How much does the woman pay? A. $40.B. $45.C. $50. 聽力原文: W: Taxi! M: Hi. Where are you going? W: To the train station, please. How long will it take to the station? M: About 30 minutes. Are you in a hurry? W: Yes, Im a bit late. M: We can take the high-speed way. But you should pay me $5 more, okay? W: Thats okay. (停頓3秒) M: Heres the train station. W: Thank you. How much is it? M: $45, including the $5 for the high-speed way. W: Here you are. M: Thanks. Dont forget your things. W: Okay. Bye. Have a good day! 【思路指導】問題問的是這位女士付了多少錢。這位女士在詢問價錢時,我們可以聽到$45,但這時先不要進行答案的選擇,注意對話中的including the $5 for the high-speed way,這里說的是包含$5的高速費,即總價為$45,因此正確的價錢是B選項。,方法幫,高分指南,【典例3】2013河南 4.How many times has the man been to America? A. Once.B. Twice. C. Never. 聽力原文: M: How many times have you been to America? W: Twice! M: How lucky you are! Its really my dream to be there one day. 【思路指導】我們首先聽到女士的回答Twice!,但注意問題問的是男士去美國的次數(shù),他并沒有明確說出去的次數(shù),但Its really my dream to be there one day暗示了他從來都沒有去過美國,故正確答案為C項。,方法幫,高分指南,興趣愛好 興趣愛好類話題考查內(nèi)容主要涉及電影、電視、運動、藝術(shù)等,還可能會涉及對電影的評價或者態(tài)度方面的判斷。所以有關(guān)此類話題的考查綜合性較強。在做此類聽力試題時,要善于捕捉信息,速記要點,重在聽懂每句話的意思。 【典例】2012河南 8.Whats the womans favorite sport? A. Swimming. B. Playing ping-pong. C. Skating.,方法幫,高分指南,聽力原文: M: Whats your favorite sport? W: I like swimming in summer and skating in winter. But I think I like playing ping-pong best. What about you? M: I am interested in Chinese kung fu. I can play tai chi well. I usually play tai chi in the morning. W: That sounds interesting. Can you teach me how to play it? M: Yes, with pleasure. W: Thank you. 【思路指導】根據(jù)問題及三個選項內(nèi)容可以了解到這段對話談?wù)摰氖请p方喜愛的運動。從題干及備選答案我們很難猜出答案,所以應(yīng)該認真聽錄音,根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容完成題目。這道題目的難度不是很大,但是很多學生一聽到swimming和skating就作出選擇,而沒有注意到關(guān)鍵信息I like playing ping-pong best,這句話才與題干中的favorite sport相呼應(yīng)。做聽力試題時考生一定要細心。,方法幫,高分指南,人物關(guān)系 聽力試題中有時需要根據(jù)說話雙方的談話內(nèi)容判斷兩者之間的關(guān)系,這需要考生具有一定的推理判斷能力。常見的有判斷家人之間的關(guān)系,如父女、母子、姐弟等;師生關(guān)系;服務(wù)員和顧客關(guān)系等。 【典例】2018河南 1.Whats the relationship between the two speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Waiter and customer. 聽力原文: W: John,where are the cookies?Dont tell me you ate them all,again! M: Yes,Mom,I did.I couldnt help it.They were so good! 【思路指導】根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容中的關(guān)鍵信息Yes,Mom可判斷出說話雙方之間的關(guān)系,故A項符合題意。,方法幫,高分指南,購物點餐 無論購物還是點餐都與學生的日常生活實際息息相關(guān)。購物主要涉及所買物品的價錢、顏色、尺碼及為誰購物、購買的原因等,此話題的考查范圍較廣;點餐主要涉及某人喜歡的食物、飲料等。 【典例1】2016河南 13.Who does the woman buy a birthday present for? A. Her sister.B. Her mother.C. Her daughter. 14.What size swimming suit does the woman want? A. Small.B. Large. C. Medium. 15.Where can the woman buy a cheaper swimming suit? A. On the first floor.B. On the second floor. C. On the third floor.,方法幫,高分指南,聽力原文: M: May I help you? W: Yes, I would like to buy a swimming suit for my elder sister as a birthday present. M: What size does she wear? W: Medium. M: Would she like this style? W: I dont think so. M: What about that one? W: The style is fine, but the color is too dark. Do you have something brighter? M: How about this one? W: Its too expensive. Do you have a cheaper one? M: Yes, we do. There is something cheaper on the first floor. Why dont you check there? W: Okay. Thank you very much.,方法幫,高分指南,聽力原文: M: May I help you? W: Yes, I would like to buy a swimming suit for my elder sister as a birthday present. M: What size does she wear? W: Medium. M: Would she like this style? W: I dont think so. M: What about that one? W: The style is fine, but the color is too dark. Do you have something brighter? M: How about this one? W: Its too expensive. Do you have a cheaper one? M: Yes, we do. There is something cheaper on the first floor. Why dont you check there? W: Okay. Thank you very much.,方法幫,高分指南,【思路指導】根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容中的關(guān)鍵信息I would like to buy a swimming suit for my elder sister as a birthday present可知13題應(yīng)選A。 根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容中的關(guān)鍵信息Medium可知14題應(yīng)選C。 根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容中的關(guān)鍵信息There is something cheaper on the first floor可知15題應(yīng)選A。,方法幫,高分指南,【典例2】2012河南 6.What does the woman order? A. A beef hamburger. B. A chicken sandwich. C. A cheese pizza. 7.Where is the woman? A. In a hotel. B. In a school. C. In a restaurant.,方法幫,高分指南,聽力原文: M: Hello, this is Browns restaurant. What can I do for you? W: Id like to order something for lunch. M: What would you like to have? W: Id like to have a beef hamburger. M: OK. A beef hamburger. May I know your address? W: Oh, yes. Room 402 in Sunshine Hotel. M: I got it. W: How soon will you arrive? M: In ten minutes. W: OK. Im waiting for you right here. 【思路指導】根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容中的關(guān)鍵信息Id like to have a beef hamburger可知第6題應(yīng)選A。 在做第7題的時候有的學生沒有看清楚題干,在聽到Browns restaurant時直接選了C項。但是此題問的是這位女士在哪兒,接電話的男士說的是this is Browns restaurant,而女士留的送餐地址是 Room 402 in Sunshine Hotel,所以女士應(yīng)該是在賓館里,故第7題應(yīng)選A。,方法幫,高分指南,活動安排 活動安排是中考聽力的常見話題,主要涉及假期旅行、周末活動及安排等。較為典型的是給出提到過的幾項活動,制造干擾項?？忌枰屑毬爟?nèi)容,看清楚問題,才能做對題目。 【典例1】2018河南 5.What are they talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A class celebration. C. A personal hobby.,方法幫,高分指南,聽力原文: M: Susan,do you have anything planned for this Saturday? W: Er.Im kind of busy with my work.Why do you ask? M: Oh,I was wondering if you like to go to a concert. W: Id love to,but Im really going to be busy all day on Saturday. 【思路指導】問題問的是他們談?wù)摰氖鞘裁?A項表示周末計劃; B項表示班級慶祝(活動);C項表示個人愛好。根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容中提及的Saturday、planned及男士發(fā)出的邀請可知,他們談?wù)摰氖侵苣┑幕顒影才?故A項符合題意。,方法幫,高分指南,【典例2】2016河南 3.What did Eric do last weekend? A. He read a book. B. He stayed at home. C. He went swimming. 聽力原文: W: Eric, did you go swimming last weekend? M: No, I had a bad cold and just stayed at home. 【思路指導】問題問的是Eric上周末做了什么,所聽內(nèi)容中既提到了go swimming又提到了stayed at home?？忌谧龃祟愵}目時一定要看清問題,理解語境,從而選出正確答案。結(jié)合錄音內(nèi)容中的I had a bad cold and just stayed at home可知,Eric沒有讀書也沒有游泳,只是待在家里。故選B。,