高一英語人教版必修2《Unit 2 The Olympic Games》期末知識梳理

111人教新課標(biāo)版高一必修二Unit 2 The Olympic Games期末知識梳理一、訓(xùn)練導(dǎo)入I.考綱單詞寫出下列考綱詞匯的詞性和漢義(如果不止一個詞性學(xué)生自行增補詞性及相應(yīng)漢義)1.ancient ( )_2.compete ( )_3.medal ( )_4.volunteer ( )_5.homeland ( )_6.regular ( )_7.admit ( )_8.host ( )_9.responsibility ( )_10.replace ( )_11.charge ( )_12.fine ( )_13.advertise ( )_14.bargain ( )_15.pain ( )_16.deserve ( )_II.核心短語1_for 代表，象征，表示2in_ 主管，看管 3_four years 沒四年4be _to被錄取到。5pick_ 撿起。6_with sb. for 為與某人討價還價7_part in 參加，參與8as_ 也；又；還9one after_陸續(xù)的，一個接一個地10 compete_與競爭11used_過去常常12as_至于13put_提出14prepare_為作準(zhǔn)備15feel sorry_同情16on_故意地17rise _ones feet,站起來18apart_除了19hand _hand 手拉手地20be confident _對自信二、知識精講I.重點詞匯 1. admit vt. & vi. 許可某人/物進入；接納，接受某人（入院入學(xué)等）；承認，招認典例1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 這所學(xué)校每年招收六十名男女新生。2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因輕度燒傷而入院。3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承認你有理。4). George would never admit to being wrong. 喬治從不認錯。重點用法admit （doing）sth.承認某事/做了某事admit that +從句 承認 練習(xí) 中譯英1). 他招認偷了那輛汽車。_2). 不準(zhǔn)那個人進來。_Keys: 1). He admitted having stolen the car.2). That man is not to be admitted.2. charge n. 費用；v. 指控；收費典例 1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免費送貨。2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯謀殺罪。重點用法in/under the charge of 在某人照看（掌管）下in charge of處于控制或支配（某人某事物）的地位: 練習(xí) 中譯英1). 這些病人由威爾遜醫(yī)生治療。_2). 這兒誰負責(zé)?_Keys: 1). These patients are under the charge of Dr Wilson.2). Who's in charge here?3. bargain n.協(xié)議；廉價物；v.（與某人）討價還價; 洽談成交條件; 談判典例 1). If you promote our goods, we will give you a good discount as our part of the bargain. 若你方經(jīng)銷我們的貨物, 我方愿給予你相當(dāng)大的優(yōu)惠作為回報。2). It's a bargain. 這可是便宜貨。3). Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to bargain. 千萬不要照牌價購買汽車, 總得講講價才是。重點用法make a bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事與某人達成協(xié)議bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事與某人討價還價練習(xí) 中譯英1). 你做了一筆很上算的交易。_2). 工會為縮短工作周而（與資方）討價還價。_Keys: 1). You've got a good bargain there. 2). The unions bargained (with management) for a shorter working week.4. promise v. & n. 允諾；答應(yīng)典例1). I told him the truth under a promise of secrecy. 我在他答應(yīng)保守秘密之后把真相告訴了他。2). She promised me (that) she would be punctual. 她向我保證一定準(zhǔn)時。重點用法promise to do sth.答應(yīng)做某事promise sb. sth.答應(yīng)某人某事promise +that 從句 答應(yīng)make a promise許下諾言keep a promise遵守諾言carry out a promise履行諾言break a promise違背諾言練習(xí) 中譯英1). 我得讓你遵守諾言。_2). 我不能保證做到, 但我一定盡力而為。 _Keys: 1). I shall keep you/hold you to your promise. 2). I can't promise, but I'll do my best.5. deserve vt. & vi. 應(yīng)得; 值得典例 1). The article deserves careful study. 這篇文章值得仔細研究。 2). They deserve to be sent to prison. 他們應(yīng)該入獄。重點用法deserve doing = deserve to be done值得做練習(xí) 中譯英1). 她積極努力, 應(yīng)得到獎賞。_2).如果你做錯事就應(yīng)受到懲罰。_Keys: 1). She deserves a reward for her efforts. 2). If you do wrong, you deserve punishing / to be punished / punishment.II.重點詞組 1. take part in 參與；參加典例1). How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games? 有多少個國家參加了上屆奧運會?2). Are you going to take part in the first experiment? 你們會參與首次實驗嗎?短語歸納 take one's part(在辯論中)支持某人；站在某邊have a part to play能幫助；能在中發(fā)揮作用haveplay a part(in sth)參與某事 for the most part多半；通常2. stand for 代表；象征；表示典例1). The sign X stands for an unknown number. 符號X表示一個未知數(shù)。2). My mother stands for the kind treatment of all children. 我媽媽主張對待一切孩子都要慈愛。短語歸納stand by袖手旁觀；無動于衷stand by sb支持；幫助；忠于stand out(fromas)顯眼；突出stand up站起；站立；起立3. used to過去常做某事典例 used to, would這兩個詞語都可以表示過去常做某事，有時可以換用。但used to do強調(diào)過去習(xí)慣性的行為或狀態(tài)，但是現(xiàn)在沒有這種行為或狀態(tài)了。因此，這個短語的內(nèi)涵是今昔對比。1). There used to be only low and dirty houses in our village.短語歸納get/be used to sth./doing sth.習(xí)慣于某物/做某事，該詞組有各種時態(tài)be used to do sth.被用于做4. one after another/the other 一個接一個地典例1). Please line up one after another. 請按順序排隊。2). We achieved one victory after another. 我們?nèi)〉昧艘粋€又一個的勝利。 短語歸納one by one逐個地；逐一地one anothereach other相互 III.重點句型 1. How often do you hold your Games? 你們奧運會多久舉行一次？解釋 How often 問某事發(fā)生的頻率。常用的答語有：every two days, once a week, at times等How soon問某事在多少時間以內(nèi)會完成。常用in/within短語回答-How soon will my dress be ready? -In a week. 我的連衣裙要多久準(zhǔn)備好？-一周。How long問某動作或某狀態(tài)持續(xù)多久多長時間。常用for短語回答，for可省略。-How long did you stay there? -Only two days. 你在那呆了多久？-只是兩天。2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women. 沒有別的國家能參加，奴隸和婦女也不能參加。解釋 “neithernor + be動詞助動詞情態(tài)動詞+主語”意為“也不”，承接前面的否定句，用倒裝語序。如：I can't afford a new car, neither/nor can he.我買不起新車，他也是。“so+ be動詞助動詞情態(tài)動詞+主語”意為“也”，承接前面的肯定句，用倒裝語序。如：He is tired and so are you. 他累了, 我們也累了。三、語法突破將來時的被動語態(tài)概念將來時的被動語態(tài)表示: 1.動作發(fā)生在將來.2.強調(diào)動作的承受者,或不能或無須體積提及動作的執(zhí)行者Will the port be opened to foreign ships?這個港口將會對外國船只開放嗎?The classroom is going to be cleaned after school.教師將在放學(xué)以后打掃。將來時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 將來時被動語態(tài)肯定式shall/will +be +過去分詞;其中shall常用于第一人稱，will用于各種人稱。A new bridge will be built over the river.一架新橋?qū)⒃谶@條河上建起。Some parts of the car will not be made in this factory.這種汽車的一些零件將不在這家工廠生產(chǎn)。將來時被動語態(tài)否定式。由“ willshall+not+be+過去分詞”來完成， Where will this book be put?這本書將要放在什么地方?將來時被動語態(tài)疑問式：一般疑問句時將willshall提前，其簡略回答保留willshall；構(gòu)成反意疑問句時，附加問句也保留will/ shall。This bridge will be built soon, wont it? 這座橋很快將被建成，是嗎？Wont water be turned into ice, if it is below freezing? 如果氣溫在冰點以下，水難道不會變成冰嗎？將來時被動語態(tài)的用法1表示根據(jù)計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的被動性動作。This work will be done at once. 這項工作將立即被完成。Those books will be published next month. 那些書將于下月出版。2表示有固定性條件就有規(guī)律性被動結(jié)果。If you sleep during the work, you will be fired.如果你在上班期間睡覺，你將被解雇。Heated to 100，water will be turned into steam. 加熱到100時，水將會變成蒸汽。If you speak in c1ass, you will be punished. 如果你在課堂上講話，你將會受到懲罰。將來時被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.be going to be +過去分詞;The problem isnt going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.這個問題將不在明天的會議上被討論。Those who do well in the coming exam are going to be awarded.那些考試優(yōu)秀的人將要得到獎勵。2.be to be+過去分詞, This book is to be published next month.這本書下月即將出版。The sports meet is to be held on April 10.運動會將于四月十日舉行。（表示根據(jù)計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的被動性動作）Is the blackboard to be cleaned now？現(xiàn)在需要擦黑板嗎？（表示征求對方意見）This work is to be done at once.這項工作必須立即被完成。（表示必要性）What is to be done next?下一步可能會發(fā)生什么事？（表示可能性）【考題印證】1.(2012湖南卷)22. Don't worrry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life. A. will be repaidB. was being repaidC. has been repaidD. was repaid【解析】A。從don't可知語境為現(xiàn)在，排除B、D；而later in life可知為將來的動作，故選A。動詞的時態(tài) 一般將來時態(tài) 2.(2012重慶卷)27. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _.We must act immediately before theres left.A. have run out B. are running out C. have been run out D. are being run out【解析】B。動詞的時態(tài)分析題干語境可知，食品供應(yīng)即將耗盡。run out為不及物動詞短語，不能使用被動形式，由此可排除C和D兩個選項。B選項為現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)，可以表示將來，符合題意。因此，正確答案為B選項。四、單元自測第一節(jié) 單項選擇1(2011·安慶高三調(diào)研)The girls_ into the company recently have to receive strict training before they start to work. AacceptedBaccepting Cadmitted Dadmitting 2He made a(n)_with his wife “You take care of the children and Ill cook.” Abargain Bapology Cpromise Dexperiment 3That design of a magpie on a plum tree branch_ luck and happiness. Abrings about Btakes in Cbrings in D stands for 4When my neighbours came out to do morning exercises，I also_. Ajoined Bjoined in Cattended Dtook part in5.一Was Mr Smith alone at home last night?一YesHis children as well as his wife _invited to the party Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been6·(201 2·浙江嘉興一中月考)His daughter has_the young politician for five yearsAgot married with Bbeen married toCbeen married with Dgot married to7·(2012-江西白鷺洲中學(xué)期中考試)Todays a red-1etter day，which will_ as the greatest day in my life。A1ive out Bspeak out C. stand out D. give out8The young Yian made a _ would try to earn his own living after graduationAprediction BpromiseCplan Dcontribution9·(2012·福建廈f市三校聯(lián)考)We are expecting Lily because she is our_ visitor who comes here for holiday every summer, A·familiar Bparticular C·popular Dregualr10 (2012·吉林白山二中月考) 一How much did the guy _ you to fix your 3G mobile phone 一I dont remember，but it was quite a lot Acost Bspend Ccharge Dtake11一What can I do for you，sir? 一No，I only want to speak to the person _ Ain danger Bin return C in peace Din charge1 2He was very careless in his work，so he really _ to be firedAdisagreed Bdeserved chated       Dagreed13. It is said that Columbus Day is_ Christopher Columbus in the New World in the USA Ain honour of Bin need of Cin favour of Din place of14.(2012·福州三中月考)We had a really bad time about six months ago but now things are_ A picking up Bcoming up C making up Dturning up15.(2012。長葛市三中調(diào)研)一Are you a teacher? 一 Well, I_.Aused to Bwas used toCused to be Dused to do第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分；滿分30分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 About 15 years ago I was studying at a university in GermanyThe people with whom I 1most of my time were a group of friendsSometimes we went out together for 2，but most of the time we did our own parties back at someones homeFirst we sat and talked and at some point during the night we 3 the chairs and tables and started4It may not sound that special when I write about it, 5 what was special to me was the 6 we shared for each otherFor example，in the eyes you saw support, you saw laughterYou 7 there was always a shoulder you could lean on Time passed by and we all went our own ways，8 our own goalsI made my way passingIreland and India for several yearsNow just a few days ago I 9one of my old friends againWe sat and talked and after 15 years we shared our 10 again from that time On my way back home from our 11 it made me think a lotMy last weeks and months werefull of problems，which left me in 12 spiritsBut the meeting and the sweet memories I 13with my old friends 14 all my negative thoughts and feelings，15 me warmth and happiness At this moment I understood me 16 of helping and supporting each other in a different wayIt didnt really 17 what goal we had all together, but the respect and love and joy we shared with each other 18 an experience and memory that 19 foreverIt can not be destroyed by negative feelingsNo，even better, it can wipe out your 20 mood and give you support1Aplayed Bkilled Cspent Dwasted2Adinners B partiesCsightsDadventures3Aput down Bput offCput upDput away4Adancing BsingingCjokingDwalking5Aso BbutCandDhowever6Awealth BstrengthCopinionDsupport7Aproved Bfelt CnoticedDexpected8Afollowing BmakingCdesiringDchanging9Alost BmissedCmetDdated10Adreams BmemoriesC.relationshipD.goals11AjourneyB. classroomC. universityD.meeting12. AlowB.highC. proudD. good13AsetB.acceptedC. sharedD. discovered14AincreasedB.removedC. developedD. mixed15AshowingB. spreadingC. causingD.giving16AvalueB.chanceC. needD.measure17AdoB.workC.matterD.account18AimprovedB.filledC.realizedD. created19AstaysB.passesC. happensD. links20AgoodB.badC. simpleD.special單元自測答案：第一節(jié) 1-5CADAB6-10BCBDC11-15DBAAC第二節(jié)15 CBDAB610 DBACB11一15 DACBD1620 ACDAB111