高中英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 Women of achievement課件 新人教版必修4.ppt

Unit 1 Women of achievement,知識(shí)歸納,_ n. 運(yùn)動(dòng); 戰(zhàn)役 vi. 作戰(zhàn); 參加運(yùn)動(dòng) 2. _ n. 陰涼處 vt.遮住光線 3. _ adj. 值得的; 值得做的 4. _ n. 人群; 觀眾 vt. 擠滿(mǎn); 使擁擠 5. _ vt. 鼓舞; 激發(fā); 啟示,campaign,shade,worthwhile,crowd,inspire,知識(shí)清單,（一）基本單詞,6. _ n. (舉止或行為)表現(xiàn) _ n. 行為; 舉止; 習(xí)性 2. _ vt. 觀察; 觀測(cè); 遵守 _ n. 觀察; 觀測(cè) 3. _ vt. 值得尊敬的_ adj. 尊敬的,behave,behavior,observe,observation,respect,respectable,respectful,（二）派生單詞,4. _ vt. 連接,argue,argument,considerate,consideration,connect,connection,1. 離開(kāi); 起程; 出發(fā) 2. 過(guò)著的生活 3. (想法, 問(wèn)題等) 涌上心頭 4. 蔑視; 瞧不起 5. 查閱;參考;談到 6. 碰巧; 湊巧 7. (偶然)遇見(jiàn); 碰見(jiàn) 8. 專(zhuān)為而設(shè)計(jì) 9. 繼續(xù); 堅(jiān)持,move off,lead a . life,crowd in,look down on/upon,（三）短語(yǔ),refer to,by chance,e across,be intended for,carry on,1. Once I stop, it all es crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. once conj. 一就 2. Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. it hits sb. that 某人突然想起,（四）句式,3. I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the puter to do some research on great women of China. not until 直到才,1. behave vt. (舉止或行為) 表現(xiàn) 課文原句 Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. 簡(jiǎn)研究這些黑猩猩已經(jīng)很多年了，她幫助人們了解它們的行為跟人類(lèi)的是多么的相似。,核心要點(diǎn),（一）單詞,歸納 behave well / badly towards sb. 對(duì)某人態(tài)度好/惡劣 behave oneself 表現(xiàn)得體，有禮貌 Do behave! 規(guī)矩點(diǎn)！ wellbehaved/badlybehaved 表現(xiàn)好/ 差的 behave as if / as though . 表現(xiàn)得好像 拓展 behaviour n. 行為，舉止，習(xí)性,翻譯下列句子。 1. 我不在家時(shí)，你們要乖乖的。 2. 湯姆由于在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)良好，贏得了一份獎(jiǎng)品。,I want you to behave yourselves while Im away.,Tom won a prize because he behaved well in school.,2. worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得的； 有價(jià)值的 課文原句 However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. 但這個(gè)傍晚讓我們覺(jué)得這一切都是值得的。 歸納 It is worthwhile to do / doing sth. 做某事是值得的,均可表示“值得的”之意： worthwhile可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 e.g. It was worthwhile searching for his“roots”.（作表語(yǔ)） I think it is a worthwhile experiment.（作定語(yǔ)） Id think it well worthwhile to go.（作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）,worthwhile worth worthy,worth可用作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)，后常接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞-ing形式（必須用主動(dòng)形式）和what從句。 worthy可作表語(yǔ)，也可作定語(yǔ)。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)意思為“有價(jià)值的”、“值得尊敬的”；用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)意思為“值得的”，其后常跟of sth.或動(dòng)詞不定式。,用worth / worthy / worthwhile填空。 1) Her achievements are _ of the highest praise. 2) Its not _ getting angry with him. 3) He said he was not _ to accept such honour. 4) Thank you for making my visit so _. I shall treasure your friendship and kind hospitality you have given me.,worthy,worth / worthwhile,worthy,worthwhile,3. observe vt. 觀察; 觀測(cè); 遵守; 慶祝 課文原句She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. 她花了多年的時(shí)間來(lái)觀察并記錄它們的日常活動(dòng)。 歸納 observe sth. 觀察某物 observe sb. do sth 觀察某人做某事（全過(guò)程）,observe sb. doing sth. 觀察某人正在做某事 observe that. 觀察到.,拓展 observer n. 觀察者；旁聽(tīng)者；評(píng)論員 observation n. 觀察，評(píng)論 observatory n. 天文臺(tái)，氣象臺(tái),根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，用observe的適當(dāng)形式將下 列句子補(bǔ)充完整。 1) You should _ （遵守當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗）when you go abroad. 2) All of us _ (看到他進(jìn)了教室) with a book in his hand.,observe the local customs,observed him enter the classroom,4. respect vt. 方面 課文原句 For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. 40年來(lái)，簡(jiǎn).古道爾一直呼吁世人了解并尊重這些動(dòng)物的生活。,歸納 respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊重某人 be respected as 作為被尊敬 respect oneself 自尊; 自重 show respect for. 尊重 in respect of = with respect to 就而言; 關(guān)于; 至于 give/send ones respect to sb. 向某人表示敬意,拓展 respectful adj. 表示敬意的，尊敬的；respectable adj. 體面的，值得尊敬的；respected adj. 受尊敬的，受敬重的,have respect for have respect to 前者表示“尊敬，尊重”，可接指人或事物的 詞； 后者表示“注意，考慮”, 多接指事物的詞。 e.g. You should have more respect for her feelings. 你必須多尊重她的感情。 He had a great respect for those famous writers. 他非常敬重那些著名作家。 He had no respect to my request. 他不顧我的請(qǐng)求。,in respect of in (with) respect to 前者意思是“就而論”; 后者意思是“關(guān)于，至于”。 e.g. Mr. Smith is senior to me in respect of service. 在職務(wù)上，史密斯先生要比我高。 We must have a talk in (with) respect to their dispute. 關(guān)于他們的糾葛，我們有必要談一談。,5. argue vi. 為而辯護(hù) argue against 爭(zhēng)辯 (反對(duì)),argue with sb. on/ about/ over sth. 與某人爭(zhēng)辯某事 argue sb. into/ out of doing sth. 說(shuō)服某人做/不做某事 beyond arguement 無(wú)需爭(zhēng)論 argue that 提出理由說(shuō)明,漢譯英。 1. 和他爭(zhēng)論沒(méi)有用。 2. 他父母說(shuō)服他不要進(jìn)行如此危險(xiǎn)的旅行。 3. 他贊成這種政策。,Its no use arguing with him.,His parents argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.,He argued for such a policy.,argue/quarrel/debate/disput/discuss argue: 提出理由或證據(jù)為自己或自己一方的看法或立場(chǎng)辯護(hù)，著重說(shuō)理、論證和企圖說(shuō)服。 quarrel: 兩人之間或兩個(gè)團(tuán)體之間不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大聲爭(zhēng)論某事，尤指“吵嘴、吵架”。 debate: 意見(jiàn)等對(duì)立的雙方之間公開(kāi)的爭(zhēng)辯。 dispute: 對(duì)分歧進(jìn)行熱烈的爭(zhēng)辯，帶一定感情色彩，“各持已見(jiàn)，爭(zhēng)論不休”。 discuss: 常用詞，就某一問(wèn)題表明觀點(diǎn)、看法等，以便統(tǒng)一認(rèn)識(shí)，解決問(wèn)題。,6. support n. 維持 歸納 in support of 為了支持 with ones support 在某人的支持下 give/offer/provide support to sb. 支持某人 support . against . 支持反對(duì) support oneself by 靠維持生活 support in 在方面給予支,用support翻譯下列句子。 1. 她的家人支持她的決定。 2. 他努力工作以養(yǎng)活他龐大的家庭。 3. 我的英語(yǔ)老師一直都關(guān)愛(ài)我、支持我。 4. 我想說(shuō)一兩句話(huà)來(lái)支持他的觀點(diǎn)。,Her family supported her (in her) decision.,He works hard to support his big family.,My English teacher always gives me care and support.,I would like to say a word or two in support of his views.,7. intend vt. 計(jì)劃; 打算 課文原句 I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside. 我仔細(xì)地看了這篇文章，了解到那是一專(zhuān)門(mén)為農(nóng)村婦女寫(xiě)的。,歸納 intend sb. to do sth. 打算讓某人做某事 intend to do sth. 打算做某事 intend doing 打算做某事,intend sb. / sth for 想讓.從事某事 intend that . 打算. had intended to do sth. =intended to have done sth. 過(guò)去本打算做 be intended for 打算供之用,根據(jù)中英文提示完成下列句子。 1. 我打算暑假期間在一個(gè)環(huán)保組織做志愿 者。 I _ as a volunteer in an environmental protection organization during the summer holidays. 2. 我原打算昨晚去拜訪你，但來(lái)了一位不速之客。 I _ last night, but an unexpected visitor came.,intend working / to work,had intended to call on you,3. 這本書(shū)是為年輕人寫(xiě)的，卻深受老年人的歡迎。 This book, which _ the young, is very popular with the old.,is intended for,intend, design, plan intend在心中已有確定的目標(biāo)或計(jì)劃，“盤(pán)算, 意想”，比plan的語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)。 design為達(dá)到某種特定的目的而周密精心地“計(jì)劃, 籌劃”, 偏重于目的性、周密性和細(xì)致性。 plan是最普通常用的詞，表示“計(jì)劃，想要做”，不像design那樣含有精心周密地“策劃”的意思，與want意思接近。,8. deliver v. 投遞; 發(fā)表; 接生; 生小孩 (被動(dòng)) 課文原句 There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a days work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her. 數(shù)不勝數(shù)的故事都講述著林巧稚如何在勞累一天之后，又在深夜去為貧困家庭的產(chǎn)婦接生，而這些家庭是給不了她報(bào)酬的。,歸納 deliver sth. (to sb.) 投遞/傳送某物 deliver a speech 發(fā)表演說(shuō) be delivered of a baby give birth to a baby 生孩子 deliver sb./ sth. over to sb. 把移交給某人,根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思補(bǔ)全下列句子。 1. 凱麗的孩子是由她的媽媽接生的。 Carries baby _ by her mother. 2. 這位教授給他的學(xué)生做了一次關(guān)于哲學(xué)的演講。 The professor _ on philosophy to his students. 3. 這些花將會(huì)在48小時(shí)內(nèi)遞送。 These flowers will _ 48 hours.,was delivered,delivered a speech,be delivered within,1. look down upon/on 蔑視; 輕視; 瞧不起 課文原句 Many people look down upon poor people. 許多人看不起窮人。 拓展 look into 調(diào)查; 觀察; 窺視 look up 抬頭看; 查閱; 改善 look on 旁觀,（二）短語(yǔ),look on/upon . as. 把看作 look out (+for) 注意; 留意 look through 瀏覽 look for 尋找,2. refer to 提到; 說(shuō)到; 參考; 參閱 課文原句 If the word group refers to different members, use a plural verb. 拓展 refer sth. to. 把提交給 refer to sb. 指的是某人 refer to . as 把稱(chēng)為 be referred to as 被稱(chēng)為 in/with reference to. 關(guān)于,翻譯下列句子。 1. If you dont know what it means, refer to the dictionary. 2. We agreed never to refer to the matter again. 3. Although she didnt mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.,如果你不知道它的意思，查一下字典。,我們同意再也不提那件事了。,雖然她沒(méi)有提任何名字，但是大家都知道她指的是誰(shuí)。,3. e across (偶然)遇見(jiàn);碰見(jiàn) 課文原句 By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in womens disease. 我偶然看到了一篇文章，是關(guān)于林巧稚醫(yī)生的，她是女性疾病專(zhuān)家。 拓展 meet with (偶然)遇見(jiàn)；碰到 run into (偶然)遇到,根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全下列句子。 1. I _ (碰巧找到了這些老照片) when looking for a book yesterday 2. _ (無(wú)論遇到什么困難), we should try our best to deal with them.,came across these old photos,No matter what difficulties we e across,run across 偶然碰見(jiàn)；跑著穿過(guò) happen to meet 碰巧遇到 meet.by chance/accident 偶然遇到,4. carry on 繼續(xù)；堅(jiān)持 課文原句 Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her book good work? 為什么不像林巧稚那樣去讀醫(yī)學(xué)院，繼續(xù)她的事業(yè)呢?,拓展 carry away 帶走 carry out 實(shí)行; 執(zhí)行; 完成 carry through 使渡過(guò)難關(guān) carry back 將送回 carry off 運(yùn)走; 帶走; 獲得(獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)),Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork Imalwaystoobusyto_aconversationwithher.(2016天津) A.carryon B.breakinto C.turndown D.cutoff,A,（三）句式,1. Once I stop, it all es crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. 我一旦停下來(lái)，所有的一切都會(huì)涌上心頭，我就會(huì)想起實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的黑猩猩。 once conj. 一.就 常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。,e.g. Once I have found somewhere to live, Ill send you my new address. 一找到住的地方我就會(huì)把我的新住址告訴你。 Remember that you wont be able to change the contract once youve signed. 請(qǐng)記住一旦你簽了合同就不能更改了。,2. Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. 我突然想起在那個(gè)年代，一個(gè)女人學(xué)醫(yī)有多么困難。 it hits sb. that 某人突然想起 e.g. It hit me that I had forgotten her birthday. 我突然想起我忘了她的生日。,3. I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the puter to do some research on great women of China. 直到一天晚上當(dāng)我坐在電腦旁搜索中國(guó)偉大女性時(shí)，我才知道答案。 not until 直到才,e.g. The farmers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish had died. 直到河里的魚(yú)都死了農(nóng)民們才意識(shí)到污染的嚴(yán)重性。,主謂一致 英語(yǔ)中主謂一致一般遵循以下三個(gè)原則，即語(yǔ)法一致、意義一致和鄰近一致。 語(yǔ)法一致是指句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)法形式上一致，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)依主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)。,語(yǔ)法,1. 由and連接的名詞作主語(yǔ) and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)，表示不同的人或物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 and連接的兩個(gè)名詞，指同一個(gè)人、物或概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如果是名詞，第二個(gè)名詞前沒(méi)有冠詞。 不定式、動(dòng)名詞、句子作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。, 由no.and no.，each.and each.， every.and every.，many a. and many a 結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。,2. 主語(yǔ)后面帶了as well as, rather than, like, but, except, besides, with, together with, along with, including, in addition to等詞(組)連接的名詞，根據(jù)語(yǔ)法一致的原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)這些詞前的主語(yǔ)來(lái)確定。 3. Cattle, people, police, trousers, shorts, socks, glasses, shoes, clothes等作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。, 意義一致是指不依語(yǔ)法形式而側(cè)重于根據(jù)實(shí)質(zhì)意義處理主謂關(guān)系，根據(jù)主語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的實(shí)際含義確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。 1. 某些集體名詞，如family, team, class, enemy, government, army, party, public, firm, pany等，若視為一個(gè)整體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；若就其中成員而言，則用復(fù)數(shù)。,2. 以s結(jié)尾的書(shū)名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)以及以ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 3. 表示時(shí)間、金錢(qián)、距離、度量等的復(fù)數(shù) 名詞作主語(yǔ)，一般被看作一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。,4. “one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后的定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是“the (only) one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后的定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。, 鄰近一致是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與它最鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致。如：either . or，neither . nor, not only . but also，not . but，there be .等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與靠近它的主語(yǔ)一致。,用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式完成下面的短文。 I want to introduce my class to you. My class 1. _ (be) very small and there 2. _ (be) only 20 students in it. Eleven of us 3. _ (be) boys and the others 4. _ (be) girls. All of us 5. _ (be) getting along well with each other. None of us 6. _ (have) quarrelled with each other. Every boy and every girl 7. _ (help) each other in every subject, so nobody 8. _ (fail) in any exam.,is,are,are,are,are,have / has,helps,fails,Our headmaster often 9. _ (praise) us for that. Every weekend, there 10. _ (be) always a meeting and our headmaster, with five of us, 11. _ (attend) it, discussing how to make our class better. Such 12. _ (be) our class, a happy and friendly family.,praises,is,attends,is,1. It is important to remember that success _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years of achieve. （2015湖南） A. is; takes B. are; takes C. are; take D. is; take,A,【高考鏈接 】,寫(xiě)作,如何介紹人物 【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】 人物介紹類(lèi)文章一般采用“總分總”三段模式。第一段言簡(jiǎn)意賅，開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，直奔主題，簡(jiǎn)要介紹人物身份及其成就；第二段介紹人物的主要經(jīng)歷；第三段用一兩句話(huà)總結(jié)全文，達(dá)到首尾呼應(yīng)，起到畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛的效果。,人物介紹類(lèi)文章寫(xiě)作時(shí)態(tài)比較靈活,常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)講述人物的事跡。而評(píng)價(jià)性話(huà)語(yǔ)則常采用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)以便說(shuō)明所描述人物的成就及其影響。,【常用表達(dá)】 背景： . was born in / into a poor / rich family in ., when . was young, spent ones childhood in ., ., 外貌： beautiful, pretty, good-looking, ordinary-looking, handsome, strong, fat, thin, . 品質(zhì)或個(gè)性： kind, determined, gentle, considerate, optimistic, easy-going, warm-hearted, hard-working, responsible, patient, helpful, friendly, generous, . 愛(ài)好： be good at, have a gift for, be interested in, be fond of, be crazy about, ., 教育背景： graduated from, got a(n) . degree, majored in, went abroad to further ones study . 經(jīng)歷和成就： devote oneself to, do sth. with great determination, fight for, make up ones mind to do sth., overe many difficulties, try ones best to do sth., enjoy widespread popularity, win fame as, make great contributions to ., 評(píng)價(jià)： one of the best, most important, set a good example to, . is the pride of ., be regarded as, .,I. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。 1. Their _ (behave) towards the boy shows that they do not like him. 2. It gives you a sense of _ (achieve) if you actually make it to the end of a very long book. 3. Th e book is written by P.H. Reaney, a noted _ (special) in the field.,鞏固練習(xí),behaviour,achievement,specialist,4. Careful _ (considerate) should be given to issues of health and safety. 5. The team lost the game because of a bination of injuries and _ (sick). 6. His question had no direct _ (connect) with our discussion,consideration,sickness,connection,II. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。 1. In many cases, an adult s interest might have to be placed second _ a childs needs. 2. My father devoted all his time _ his job. 3. Jim is free _ any fault because of his carefulness.,to,to,from,4. It was simply _ chance that she decided to study law. 5. The project is intended _ students who are interested in science.,by,for,III. 選用方框內(nèi)合適的短語(yǔ)并用其正確形 式填空（每個(gè)短語(yǔ)限用一次）。,move off crowd in e across look down upon work out,1. Mr. Garcia _ anyone who doesnt work hard. 2. We need to _ how were going to get there.,looks down upon,work out,3. Always check behind the car before you _. 4. I _ this old photograph when looking for a book yesterday. 5. Jane shut her mind against the fears that were _ on her.,move off crowd in e across look down upon work out,move off,came across,crowding in,IV. 選用括號(hào)內(nèi)合適的內(nèi)容填空。 1. A woman who has a career and a family _ (has, have) very little time for herself. 2. Neither Jane nor I _ (were, was) able to attend the meeting and we were sorry we had to miss it. 3. This class, together with math and biology, _ (keep, keeps) me extremely busy.,has,was,keeps,4. There _ (has, have) been many ice ages during the last 2.6 million years. 5. The stories in this book _ (doesnt, dont) interest me, but my wife and son _ (enjoy, enjoys) them. 6. Forty dollars _ (seem, seems) too high a price for a dictionary. 7. He is one of those people who _ (work, works) too hard.,have,dont,enjoy,seems,work,8. None of the tests has been graded, but all of the homework _ (has, have) been checked. 9. Anyone who _ (want, wants) to try out should make an appointment. 10. Swim ming in heated pools _ (is, are) very mon in this part of the country in the winter.,has,wants,is,閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容 （1 個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Iraqi-born British architect and designer Zaha Hadid has died at 1. _ age of 65. At the time of her death she was one of the worlds best known 2. _ (live) architects and in high demand.,the,living,Unfinished works include the World Cup Stadium in Qatar as well as 3. _ (project) in China, Russia, Mexico, and America, where she died 4. _ (sudden) of a heart attack. Her buildings with ceilings 5. _ ripple ( 呈波狀) like rivers and walls like flowing veils ( 面紗) that melt into floors have sometimes been refer red 6. _ as landscapes.,projects,suddenly,that,to,Although they can be seen from Baku to Guangzhou, they have not been free of criticism. But despite many difficulties, she carried 7. _. Graduating from London s Architectural Association in 1977, she did not get a chance 8. _ (build) anything until the 1990s.,on,to build,Early in her career, her winning design for the Cardiff Bay Opera House was cancelled because of opposition in 1995 and 9. _ (late) on she lost another winning design for the Tokyo Olympic Stadium. Nevertheless, she10. _ (be) twice winner of the Stirling Prize for architecture, and became the first woman to win the respected RIBA (Royal Institute of British Architects) royal gold medal in 2015.,later,was,