人教新課標(biāo)高中英語必修三 Unit 4 達(dá)標(biāo)檢測卷

號人教版高一下學(xué)期達(dá)標(biāo)檢測卷 必修三 Unit4 Astronomy: the science of the stars一、單詞拼寫1. Smoking is _(有害的) to health, but some people cannot get rid of it.They noticed a plastic bag .19.她很善良，并且總是對孩子們很溫柔。She is kind and .四、課文語法填空No one knows exactly 20 the earth began. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the封位座2. Now we still dont know whether life e on Mars.universe began 21a “Big Bang”. Then the dust22 (settle) into a solid globe. As the earth cooled密不訂裝只卷此號場考號證考準(zhǔn)名姓級班3. I hope you will recover soon in this mild _(氣候).4. Its a(n) _(謎) where all my money goes each week.5. S make it possible for us to travel into space.9. The small boat is f on the calm lake.二、單句語法填空7. The system suddenly (crash) and I forgot to store documents.8. Watch out cars when you cross the road.9. Scientists are wondering whether there is life (exist) on Mars.10. (Immediate), I raised my hand to answer the question.11. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total (globe) fertilizer consumption.12. You wont get confused once you get hang of it.13. While the teacher was teaching, he noticed some students (look) puzzled at what he said.14. is clear that he will go to the concert tomorrow.三、翻譯句子15.在爆炸發(fā)生后，那條路被封鎖了。（block）The road after the explosion.16.兩國之間發(fā)生了沖突。（break）A conflict .17.既然你已決定做這件事，就應(yīng)該把它做好。, you should do it well.18.他們注意到一個塑料袋在空中漂浮著。down, water began to appear on its surface. Many 23 (science) believe that it was the presence ofwater that allowed the earth to dissolve 24 (harm) gases and acids into oceans and seas, which made it possible for life to develop.Millions of years later, the first small plants appeared on the surface of the water. Their development25 (follow) by early shellfish, all sorts of fish, green plants and land animals. Reptiles 26 (produce)young generally by laying eggs while mammals gave birth to young baby animals. Dinosaurs existed on theearth for over 140 million years before they suddenly disappeared. The reason 27 they disappeared still remains a mystery.Finally, humans appeared and spread all over the earth. But they are putting too much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere, which prevents heat from 28 (escape) from the earth into space. As a result of this,people believe the earth may become too hot to live on. So 29 life will continue on the earth will depend on how this problem can be solved.五、閱讀理解For nearly a century before there was such a thing as a space program, a view of space was探測火星 ), and study the outerpossible. People could see full views of the Moon, explore Mars(- astronomers( 天文藝術(shù)家 )space beauty. All of this was made possible by a small group of artistwho worked to show people how other worlds in space might look.Lucien Rudaux, a French artist, was the first to use his artistic ability and his knowledge of astronomy in art. His paintings show a mixture of skilled observations, brilliant imagination andcareful attention. As a result, many of his works have come surprisingly close to actual conditions on distant planets. His painting of Mars included moonlike crater s( 火山口 ) that were first photographed by the astronauts in 1965. His 1930 painting of a dust storm looks remarkablylike a photograph of a storm taken by the astronauts in 1976.The artist - astronomers, including Rudaux, made people interested in outer space bypainting what turned out to be exact portraits of the planets. 30.The passage tells us .A. the surprising exactness of space artistsB. the popular success of Lucien RudauxC. the imaginations of great artistsD. the likeness between the Moon and MarsRussian-made and Russian-launched Soyuz rockets to get astronauts up to the International Space Station.37 And now, if everything goes as planned on May 27th, we will make human access to spacecheaper, more reliable, and absolutely easier. 38 Space tourism? Moon bases? I would say that the sky is the limit, but the sky is just the start.A. But this time, its different.B. Rockets go off all the time from the Earth.31. According to the passage, artist A. exploring the planetsB. studying paintingsC. painting the planetsD. producing spaceships- astronomers spent their lives .C. This made for great wounded national pride.D. Most of the astronauts havent made it up into space.E. Space X has spent the past decades working tirelessly.F. NASA has been developing a new space launch system.G. Its impossible to say what kind of revolutions that might lead to.32. The works of Lucien Rudaux are a mixture of . A. astronomy and mathematicsB. astronomy and paintingC. photograph and artD. fact and imagination33. In 1965,the astronauts photographed .七、完形填空Camille and Genevieve Beatty, who at 13 and 11 are being praised for building a model of the Mars rover that is now a permanent fixture(固定存在物) at the famous New York Hall of Science.To have two young girls building our Mars rover is 39 the kind of thing we want to have happen here,” said Margaret Honey.A. a spaceship B. a planet“But their love of science all started with a little40curiosity,” says their father, Robert Beatty,C. craters on the Moon D. a paintingwho guided their 41for engineering. “Camille kept taking things apart. She would bring me a(n)42remote control or a destroyed clock, and shed say, Dad, whats this little green thing?”六、七選五He didnt have all the43 , but he was surprised by her curiosity and asked if she wanted to 44Set your clocks for 4:32 pm(eastern time) on May 27th, 2020. If everything goes as planned, a rocket will launch from Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida.something herself. Then life in the Beattys household start ed to get 45 . The sisters went from taking things apart to putting things together.34 So whats the big deal? The big deal is collection of firsts set to blast off on the 27th of May. The first humans are aboard a reusable rocket developed by a private company.“We would justparts. Then we 4746 ,” said Camille. “We started small, using off-the-shelf(現(xiàn)成的) RadioShack lets go huge with it.and build a 48 !”Ever since the opening days of the space age, NASA has designed, built, and flown its very own rockets,“We didnt set out to49 two girls to build our Mars rover. We were actually looking forand capsules. 35 The privately-held company Space X will be providing the big rocket boost( 加濕器)companies that had robotics expertise,” said Honey.needed to get NASAs astronauts to the space, aboard a Falcon 9 rocket topped with a Dragon crew capsule.36 It is trying to make access to space cheaper, chiefly through the use of reusable rockets once“They studied the 50everything they could to 51rover very closely,” their father said. “The pictures, the drawings.They did it in every way.”the payload is delivered into orbit, bring the rocket back down the Earth and polish it up for another ride.In the meantime, NASA has spent the past decade in a highly bureaucratic version of hell. After the sadend of the space shuttle program in 2011, the American space agency was forced to rent seats onWhats the secret to keeping childrens interest in longer-term 52 ? Robert Beatty believes in 53 the girls interest and letting them do all the work.He says the experience has had a very positive role in the girls lives outside the54as well. “Onetold to them about the moon, the stars, the sun and many other interested things up there. Byof my main 55 in this was to give them a sense of self-empowerment. If they 56 a goal, they can go and do it whether its a job, climbing a mountain or building a robot.”have a common hobby we could spend time together and we all find it interesting.The best part about building robots is 57 close, among all of us.” Camille said.time with their dad. “Its made our58 amazingly39. A. exactly40. A. crazy41. A. preparation42. A. ordinary43. A. answers44. A. learn45. A. comfortable46. A. wait47. A. decided48. A. machine49. A. call on50. A. heavy51. A. copy52. A. journeys53. A. studying54. A. world55. A. goals56. A. win57. A. giving58. A. opinionB. rarelyB. naturalB. enthusiasmB. cheapB. partsB. findB. interestingB. designB. guessedB. planeB. look forB. expensiveB. sendB. competitionsB. sparkingB. schoolB. tricksB. scoreB. spendingB. distanceC. strangelyC. differentC. searchC. brokenC. toolsC. buyC. regularC. experimentC. requiredC. houseC. play withC. actualC. moveC. plansC. provingC. workshopC. methodsC. achieveC. reducingC. attentionD. probablyD. strangeD. expectationD. oldD. ideasD. buildD. difficultD. caseD. insistedD. robotD. bring upD. bigD. measureD. projectsD. showingD. organizationD. hobbiesD. setD. wastingD. relationship八、短文改錯I became interested in astronomy as a kid and used to wonder how big the universe might beand which it was “behind” the stars. As I grew up and finally went to college, I hardly had anytime develop my hobby because there was too many homework to do. It was around the year 2019 that I researched astronomy again. Therefore, I didnt have much time for my hobby either.Often I would like to observe a object in the night sky, but I was either working and looking aftermy kids, so I shared my hobby with my kids. I encouraged him to observe the stars with me. I人教版高一下學(xué)期達(dá)標(biāo)檢測卷必修三 Unit4 Astronomy: the science of the stars答案一、單詞拼寫【答案】1. harmful 2. exists 3. climate 4. puzzle 5. Spaceships 6. floating 二、單句語法填空【答案】7. crashed 8. for 9. existing 10. Immediately11. global 12. the 13. looking 14. It【解析】16. broke out between the two countries17. Now that you have decided to do it18. floating in the sky19. always gentle with children四、課文語法填空【答案】20. how 21. with 22. settled 23. scientists 24. harmful25. was followed 26. produced 27. why 28. escaping 29. whether【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章描述了地球上生命如何產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)過。20.考查連接詞。句意：沒有人確切地知道地球是如何產(chǎn)生的。本句為賓語從句，且從句中缺少方式 狀語，故填 how。21.考查介詞。句意：然而，根據(jù)一個被廣泛接受的理論，宇宙始于一次“大爆炸”。短語 begin with：7. 考查一般過去時。句意：系統(tǒng)突然崩潰了，我忘記保存文檔了。根據(jù)后面的forgot 可知，以開始；開始于。故填 with。此處要用一般過去時，所以填crashed 。22.考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語境可知為描述過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填 settled。8. 考查固定用法。句意：你過馬路時注意車。 故填 for 。watch out for “密切注意，當(dāng)心” ，符合句意。23.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：許多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，正是水的存在使地球能夠?qū)⒂泻怏w和酸溶解到海洋中，從而使生命得以發(fā)展。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)填 scientist 且前有 many 修飾，故填名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 scientists 。9. 考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：科學(xué)家們想知道火星上是否存在生命。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，life 和24.考查形容詞。gases 為名詞需要形容詞修飾，故填 harmful。exist 在邏輯上是主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞existing 。25.考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。描述過去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用一般過去時，且主語 development 與謂語動詞構(gòu)成10. 考查副詞。句意：我立即舉起了手來回答這個問題。 整個句子。故填 Immediately 。Immediately 為副詞置于句首，修飾被動關(guān)系。故填一般過去時的被動語態(tài) was followed。26.考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)下文 mammals gave birth to young baby animals 可知應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填11. 考查形容詞。句意：根據(jù)世界銀行的統(tǒng)計，中國占了全世界化肥總消耗量的大約30% 。produced。total 為形容詞修飾名詞短語fertilizer consumption。故填 global 。27.考查定語從句連詞。句意：他們消失的原因仍然是個謎。固定句型the reason why.表示“的12. 考查固定短語。 句意：一旦你掌握了它的要領(lǐng)， 你就不會感到困惑了。 固定短語 get the hang原因”，reason 后的句子為定語從句，從句缺狀語，用關(guān)系副詞 why。of “掌握的要領(lǐng)，了解的用法”符合句意。故填the 。28.考查非謂語動詞。from 為介詞后跟動名詞做賓語，故填 escaping。13. 考 查 現(xiàn) 在 分 詞 。 句 意： 老 師 上 課 時 注 意 到 一些 學(xué) 生 看 起 來 對 他 說 的話 很 困 惑 。 此 處 是“ notice+ 賓語 + 賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)， some students 與 look 在邏輯上是主動關(guān)系，且表示動作正在進29.考查連接詞。句意：因此，地球上的生命能否繼續(xù)將取決于如何解決這個問題。本句為主語從句， 從句中不缺少成分，且表示是否，故填 whether。行，所以填現(xiàn)在分詞looking 。五、閱讀理解14. 考查 It 作形式主語。句意：很明顯他明天要去聽音樂會。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，It 作形式【答案】30 -33 ACDC主語， that 引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語。故填I(lǐng)t ?！窘馕觥吭谝粋€世紀(jì)以前，人們很多通過天文藝術(shù)家的畫作來認(rèn)識宇宙，而有些藝術(shù)家的畫三、翻譯句子作，比如法國畫家Lucien Rudaux 所畫的一些畫竟然與后來實際拍攝到的景象驚人地相似。【答案】15. was blocked up這表示了畫家驚人的想象力。30. 主旨大意題。本文通過法國畫家Lucien Rudaux 的畫作，展現(xiàn)了畫家驚人的想象力。故選 A 。31. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Lucien Rudaux, a French artist, was the first to use his artistic39.考查副詞。A. exactly：確切地；的確；B. rarely：罕見，稀少；C. strangely：奇怪地；D. probably：可能，也許。此處表示讓兩個女孩做一個火星探測器正是他們想要發(fā)生的事情。故 A 項正確。ability and his knowledge of astronomy in art. His paintings show a mixture of skilled40.考查形容詞。A. crazy：瘋狂的；B. natural：自然的；C. different ：不同的； D. strange ：奇怪的。observations, brilliant imagination and careful attention. 故選 C ?！笨芍煳乃囆g(shù)家主要是畫行星的。根據(jù)本段 Camille 父親的話可知，她們的這種愛好的養(yǎng)成是從搞破壞開始的，所以 D 項正確。41.考查名詞。A. preparation：準(zhǔn)備；B. enthusiasm ：熱情； C. search ：尋找；D. expectation ：期待。32. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“His paintings show a mixture of skilled observations, brilliant此處表示她們的父親引導(dǎo)著她們對工程學(xué)的熱愛，也正是對工程學(xué)的熱愛，她們才制作了火星探測imagination and careful attention. As a result, many of his works have come surprisingly close to器模型。故 B 項正確。actual conditions on distant planets. D ?！笨芍?Lucien Rudaux 的畫作是真實與想像的結(jié)合。故選42.考查形容詞。A. ordinary：普通的；B. cheap：便宜的；C. broken：壞的；D. old：舊的。與前面的 taking things apart 呼應(yīng)，再根據(jù)空后的 destroyed 可知，此處指她經(jīng)常把東西給拆掉，最后到 Camille33. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第二段“ His painting of Mars included moonlike craters(火山口 ) that were父親手上的是一個壞了的遙控器，或者散架的鐘表。故 C 項正確。first photographed by the astronauts in 1965.”可知， 1965 年是拍到月球隕石坑了。故選C 。43.考查名詞。A. answers：答案；B. parts：部分；零件；C. tools：工具；D. ideas：觀點。根據(jù)前面六、七選五【答案】34-38 BAECG【解析】本文屬于說明文。美國東部時間 2020 年 5 月 27 日下午 4:32，一枚火箭將從佛羅里達(dá)州卡 納維拉爾角的肯尼迪航天中心發(fā)射升空。短文介紹了此次火箭發(fā)射的意義。34.空格上文：把你們的鬧鐘定在 2020 年 5 月 27 日下午 4:32 吧。如果一切按計劃進行，一枚火箭將從佛羅里達(dá)州卡納維拉爾角的肯尼迪航天中心發(fā)射升空?？蘸笠痪洌哼@有什么了不起呢？由此本空 選 B（火箭一直都是從地球發(fā)射的呀。），該句起到了承上啟下的作用。35.空格上文：從宇航時代開始，火箭和飛船都是由NASA 設(shè)計建造和發(fā)射的。但這次不一樣。下文 提及是由私人公司發(fā)射的。故 A 選項（但這一次，情況有所不同。）切題。故選 A。36.空格上文：Space X 公司將為美國國家航空航天局的宇航員提供所需的火箭助推器，搭載一枚頂部裝有“龍”號太空艙的獵鷹 9 號火箭，本段應(yīng)該接著談 Space X。本空的下一句是對本空的解釋，說明他們的目的，故 E 選項（Space X 在過去的幾十年里不知疲倦地工作著。）切題。故選 E。37.空格上文：2011 年航天飛機項目結(jié)束后，美國航天局被迫租用俄羅斯制造和俄羅斯發(fā)射的 Soyuz火箭的座位，將宇航員送上國際空間站。本空選 C，與前一句是因果關(guān)系。故 C 選項（這件事使美 國民族自尊心受到了很大的傷害。）切題。故選 C。38.根據(jù)下文連續(xù)有兩個反問進行舉例：太空旅游？月球基地？選項承接下文。故G 選項（很難說太 空飛行會帶來什么樣的革命。）切題。故選 G。七、完形填空【答案】39-43 ADBCA 44-48 DBCAD 49-53 BCADB 54-58 CADBD【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，一對小姐妹自己動手制作了一個火星探測器模型。如今，該模型已經(jīng) 成為紐約科學(xué)館的永久藏品。的“Dad, whats this little green thing”可知，這里是說她問父親問題的時候，父親并不能總是給出答 案，也有回答不上來的問題。故 A 項正確。44.考查動詞。A. learn：學(xué)會，學(xué)習(xí)；B. find：找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. buy：購買；D. build：建設(shè)，制作。根據(jù)前面的“he was surprised by her curiosity”以及下文講她們制作機器人可知，他對女兒的好奇心 感到驚訝，詢問女兒是否想自己制作一些東西。故 D 項正確。45.考查形容詞。A. comfortable：舒服的；B. interesting：有趣的；C. regular：有規(guī)律的；D. difficult：困難的。根據(jù)語境可知，從此以后，這個家庭的生活變得有趣起來，孩子們學(xué)著把東西拆開并組裝。 故 B 項正確。46.考查動詞。A. wait：等待；B. design：設(shè)計；C. experiment：實驗；D. case：情況。從后面的“Westarted small, using off-the-shelf RadioShack parts.”可知，她們進行實驗，不斷嘗試從制作一些小的東 西開始。故 C 項正確。47.考查動詞。A. decided：決定；B. guessed：猜想，認(rèn)為；C. required：要求；D. insisted：堅持。與前面的 started small 呼應(yīng)，此處指她們從小的東西做起，然后決定制作大一點的東西。故 A 項正確。48.考查名詞。A. machine：機器；B. plane：飛機；C. house：房子；D. robot：機器人。上文已經(jīng)提 到了 Mars rover，這里指她們決定一起制作一個機器人。故 D 項正確。49.考查動詞短語。A. call on：號召；B. look for：尋找；C. play with：玩耍；D. bring up：撫養(yǎng)；嘔吐。根據(jù)空后一句可知，開始的時候，這個機構(gòu)并沒有想尋找兩個小女孩來制作火星探測器。故 B 項正確。50.考查形容詞。A. heavy：重的；B. expensive：昂貴的；C. actual：實際的；D. big：巨大的。結(jié)合后面的“The pictures, the drawings”可知父親說她們非常仔細(xì)地研究了真實的探測器。故 C 項正確。51.考查動詞。A. copy：復(fù)制；模仿；B. send：發(fā)送；C. move：移動；D. measure：測量，重達(dá)。與前面的 studied，pictures 和 drawings 呼應(yīng)，這里指他們仔細(xì)研究，目的就是模仿制造出一個探測器。 故 A 項正確。【解析】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者小的時候就對天文學(xué)產(chǎn)生了興趣，但隨著自己長大成人，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)還是沒有時間來培養(yǎng)自己的愛好。所以以作者把自己的愛好告訴給了自己的孩子。 1. 考查連接代詞。句意：我還是個孩子的時候，我就對天文學(xué)產(chǎn)生了興趣，我常52.考查名詞。A. journeys：旅行；B. competitions：競爭；C. plans：計劃；D. projects：項目。句意： 讓孩子們對于長期的項目保持興趣的秘訣是什么呢？故 D 項正確。常想知道宇宙到底有多大，以及在星星的“背后”是什么。分析句子可知，語從句，在賓語從句中， was 缺少表語，根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)用連接代詞wonder 后接賓what 來充當(dāng)表語。53.考查動詞。A. studying：研究；B. sparking：激發(fā)；C. proving：證明；D. showing ：展示；說明。根據(jù)后面的“the girls interest and letting them do all the work”可知，要想讓孩子們對于這種長期項故改 which 改成 what 。2. 考查動詞不定式。句意：隨著我長大，最后上了大學(xué)，我?guī)缀鯖]有時間培養(yǎng)我的愛好，因目保持興趣，關(guān)鍵要激發(fā)她們的興趣并且讓她們完成所有的工作。故 B 項正確。為有太多的作業(yè)要做。分析句子可知，本句為動詞不定式做后置定語。故在time 后加 to 。54.考查名詞。A. world：世界；B. school：學(xué)校；C. workshop：車間；D. organization：組織。根據(jù)3. 考查 much 的用法。 homework 為不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用much 來修飾。故 many 改成 much 。前面的“the girls lives outside”以及她們進行實驗制作東西可知，她們應(yīng)該是在自己的車間中工作4. 考查副詞。句意：但是，我也沒有太多時間來從事我的業(yè)余愛好。分析句意可知，前后語的，故 C 項正確。意表示轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用However 。故 Therefore 改成 However 。55.考查名詞。A. goals：目標(biāo)；B. tricks：計謀；詭計；C. methods：方法；D. hobbies：愛好。孩子5. 考查冠詞。 object 為可數(shù)名詞，且它的首字母的發(fā)音為元音因素，所以用不定冠詞an 來們的爸爸說他的主要目標(biāo)之一就是給他們一種自我授權(quán)感。goal 符合語境。故 A 項正確。修飾，不定冠詞表示泛指。故a 改成 an 。56.考查動詞。A. win：贏得，戰(zhàn)勝；B. score：得分；C. achieve：實現(xiàn)，獲得；D. set：設(shè)立。結(jié)合6. 考查連詞。 either.or. 意為“或者或者” ，為固定短語。故 and 改成 or 。下文“a goal, they can go and do it”可知，如果她們樹立了一個目標(biāo)，那么她們就可以為此而奮斗。7. 考查代詞。句意：我鼓勵他們和我一起觀察星星。根據(jù)句意可知代詞為them ，故 him 改故 D 項正確。57.考查動詞。A. giving：給予；B. spending：度過，花費；C. reducing：減少；D. wasting：浪費。 此處是指她們花時間和父親在一起。故 B 項正確。成 them 。8. 考查固定搭配。 句意：我告訴他們關(guān)于月亮、 星星、太陽和許多其他有趣的事情。 tell sb about sth “告訴某人有關(guān)某事” 。故去掉 to 。58.考查名詞。A. opinion：觀點；B. distance：距離；C. attention：注意力；D. relationship：關(guān)系。由 于花費時間和父親在一起，這促進了他們之間的關(guān)系，使得他們更加親密。故 D 項正確。9. 考查形容詞。 interesting 意為“有趣的”為 故 interested 改成 interesting 。ing 結(jié)尾的形容詞，修飾物，本句修飾things 。八、短文改錯【答案】1. 第一句， which 改成 what.2. 第二句，在 time 后加 to3. 第二句， many 改成 much.4. 第四句， Therefore 改成 However 5. 第五句， a 改成 an6. 第五句， and 改成 or7. 第六句， him 改成 them8. 第七句，去掉 to9. 第七句， interested 改成 interesting 10. 第八句， have 改成 having10. 考查動名詞。 by doing sth “通過做某事” ， by 為介詞后接動名詞。故have 改成 having 。