2013高考英語 經(jīng)典陷阱題大串講 定語從句

2013高考英語經(jīng)典陷阱題大串講·定語從句 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荂，around which were high mountains 是一個(gè)由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語從句，而在該從句中，主語是 high mountains，around which 是表語，所以句子謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was。請(qǐng)做以下類例題目（答案均為C）：(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops.A. which isB. it isC. which are            D. them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station.A. which are B. it isC. which is              D. them are(3) Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A. which areB. it isC. which is              D. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what【陷阱】容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧镃。以上語法分析并不算錯(cuò)，但問題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理，因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔＪ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷？3. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom【陷阱】此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的 that，便認(rèn)為這是考查such that 句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧镃，不是A，因?yàn)樵趕uch that (如此以至)結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入 such that ，句末的動(dòng)詞 like 缺賓語。選C的理由如下：as 用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時(shí) as 在定語從句中用作動(dòng)詞 like 的賓語，句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學(xué)可能還會(huì)問，假若選A，能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞呢？不能，因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時(shí)，其后的定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來引導(dǎo)，而不用that。比較下面一題，答案為A，因?yàn)?like 后有自己的賓語 him：David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆韵略囶}（答案選D）：It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us.A. likeB. thatC. which                  D. as4. The buses, most of _were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. thatB. itC. themD. which【陷阱】容易誤選 C，用 them 代指 the buses?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荄。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語從句，修飾 the buses。類似地，以下各題也選D：(1) His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. thatB. itC. themD. which(2) Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer.A. thatB. itC. themD. which(3) This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper.A. thatB. itC. themD. which類似地，以下各題選 whom，不選 them：(4) George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. thatB. himC. themD. whom(5) Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students. A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.A. whomB. them C. whichD. who【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句。【分析】最佳答案是B，這不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞 invited 并不是一個(gè)完整的謂語，而是一個(gè)過去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動(dòng)詞 were，則是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，答案便應(yīng)選A。比較：(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案選B，none of them carried out in their work 是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的 carried out 為過去分詞。(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. what D. that答案選A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定語從句，注意與上例比較句中多了一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞were。(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案選B，由于兩句之間增加了一個(gè)并列連詞but，使得該句成了一個(gè)并列句。6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that【陷阱】容易誤選B，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘茿。與上面一題相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞 seated 不是謂語，而是一個(gè)過去分詞，因?yàn)?seat 作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞。比較以下相似題：(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that選B。whose parents were seated together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因?yàn)槠浜笥型暾闹^語 were seated。(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking.A. their B. whoseC. whichD. that選A。因?yàn)榫渲杏胁⒘羞B詞and，整個(gè)句子為并列句。(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that選A。their parents sitting together joking 為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that選B。whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語 sat。(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that選B。whose parents were sitting together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語 were sitting。7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，誤這是非限制性定語從句?！痉治觥空_答案為D，注意逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)條件狀語從句，逗號(hào)后是該狀語從句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語。類似地，下面幾道題也選 that，而不選 which：(1) If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK.A. asB. whichC. and itD. that(2) If you want a double room, _ will cost another 15. A. asB. whichC. whatD. that(3) Whether you go or not, _ is quite all right with me. A. thatB. whichC. and itD. so(4) When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating. A. asB. whichC. whatD. that