2013高考英語 經(jīng)典陷阱題大串講 虛擬語氣

2013高考英語經(jīng)典陷阱題大串講·虛擬語氣 1. I forget where I read the article, or I _ it to you now. A. will showB. would showC. am going to showD. am showing 【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。【分析】正確答案選B。根據(jù)上文的語境可知句中的 or 隱含有一個虛擬的條件，即 or=if I didnt forget where I read the article（要是我沒忘記我在哪兒讀過這篇文章的話但事實上忘了）。2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _.”A. Hed better give up drinking                       B. He shouldnt have drunk so muchC. Health is more important than drink          D. I wonder why he is always doing so【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選，主要是受句中 drunk 一詞的影響?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧镈。關(guān)鍵信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虛擬語氣，句子既然用了虛擬語氣，也就是說，“他喝醉了”不是事實，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此題的最佳答案是D。3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _ you if you had so high a fever.”A. do B. areC. willD. would【陷阱】容易誤選A或C。選A者，認為前后兩句的動詞性質(zhì)應(yīng)一致；選C者，認為其后帶有if 條件狀語從句，從語氣上看，主句應(yīng)用將來時態(tài)?！痉治觥看祟}最佳答案為D。分析如下：(1) “so + 助動詞 + 主語”是一個很有用的結(jié)構(gòu)，它表示“也一樣”時。如：He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜歡看電視，我也一樣。When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 當動植物消失的時候，人類也會隨之消失。(2) 由于空格后的 if 條件狀語從句的謂語用的是虛擬語氣（這是很重要的信息），所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案應(yīng)選D。4. “He will come tomorrow.” “But Id rather he _ the day after tomorrow.”A. will comeB. is comingC. cameD. had come【陷阱】容易誤選A或B。根據(jù)上文的 He will come tomorrow 以及下文的時間狀語 the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白處應(yīng)填一個一般將來時態(tài)?！痉治觥康祟}的最佳答案是 C。按照英語習慣，would rather 后接that 從句時，從句謂語通常要用虛擬語氣，即用過去式表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?，用過去完成時表示過去。又如：Id rather you left right now. 我寧愿你現(xiàn)在就離開。I would much rather it was forgotten. 我更愿這事被遺忘掉。Id rather he hadnt told me about it. 我寧愿他沒告訴我這事。請再做以下試題(答案均為B)：(1) “Shall I come tomorrow ?” “Id rather you _.”A. wont B. didntC. dontD. wouldnt (2) “Ive told him about it.” “But Id rather you _.”A. didntB. hadntC. dontD. wouldnt (3) “He will take you as well.” “But Id rather he _.”A. wontB. didntC. doesntD. wouldnt 5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once.A. should be; be operated on                      B. were; must be operated onC. was; should be operatedD. was; be operated on【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。【分析】最佳答案選 D。insist后的從句謂語有時用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣，有時不用，具體要看該謂語動詞所表示的含義。一般說來，若該謂語動詞所表示的動作尚未發(fā)生，或尚未成為事實，則用虛擬語氣；若該謂語動詞所表示的動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或已經(jīng)成為事實，則要用陳述語氣。分析上題的句意，可知只有選D最合適。請做以下類似試題（答案選B）：(1) The patient insisted that he _ ill and _ to the hospital.A. wasnt, wasnt sent B. wasnt, shouldnt be sentC. shouldnt be, wasnt sent D. shouldnt be, shouldnt be sent(2) The man in prison insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ set free.A. should do, should be B. had done, should beC. had done, had been D. should do, had been(3) I advised that he _ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _ quite well then.A. was sent; feltB. be sent; was feelingC. he sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel6. _ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given upB. Had he given up C. Did he give D. If he gave up【陷阱】容易誤選 D。 【分析】正確答案應(yīng)選B。之所以不能選D，是因為時態(tài)前后有矛盾。由于主句謂語是would not have got，這表明是對過去事實作出的假設(shè)，所以從句謂語應(yīng)該是 had given up，而不是像D項那樣用一般過去時。另外，當虛擬條件句中有 had, should, were 等詞時，通?？梢允÷?if，并將 had, should, were 提前置于句首。又如：Were they to cease advertising, prices would come down.= If they were to cease advertising, prices would come down. 如果他們停止做廣告，價錢會降下來。Had I been there, I would have filmed the occasion.= If I had been there, I would have filmed the occasion. 如果我在那里，我會把那場面拍攝下來了。