2016高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解初期練習(xí)（5）

2016高考英語二輪閱讀理解初期練習(xí)（5）【2015高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解When you're surfing the Internet on your laptop from your dorm or home，do you know your personal details are being gathered secretly？And would you be surprised to know the information may be sold cheaply to advertisers and marketers?According to an investigation by The Wall Street Journal，all it takes is a tiny file in a computera single code consisting of a long series of numbers and lettersto record the computer user's age，gender，location，favorite movies and hobbies.The newspaper reports that Lotame Solutions Inc.，a New York company，uses a sophisticated (先進的) software.called “beacon”to capture what people are typing on a website.Lotame packages that data into profiles (個人資料) about individuals，only without their names，and sells the profiles to companies seeking customers.Batches of such data may be sold for a few dollars.The Wall Street Journal survey discovered that spying on Internet users is one of the fastest­growing businesses on the World Wide Web.The “cookie”a tiny text file put on your PC by websites or marketing firms which might be used to remember your preferences for one site，or to track you across many sites is already old news.There are new and more complex tools such as “beacons”which scan in real time what people are doing on a webpage.These beacons instantly assess the Internet user's location，income，shopping interests and even medical conditions.Millions of Internet users around the world also face unprecedented (空前的) threats.Private，sensitive，personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge.Companies insist the information they gather is anonymous and the data is used harmlessly.But the technology has grown so powerful that even some of the biggest websites in the US don't know that they were installing intrusive files on visitors' computers.These include MSN.com and Y.Next time you visit a webpage and find an ad banner advertising something you've been planning to buy，don't be amazed that your computer can read your mind.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)的人可能都遇到過這樣的情況：瀏覽網(wǎng)頁(surfing the Internet)時總是跳出一些廣告，內(nèi)容還都是你最近想買的商品。別誤會，你的電腦還沒智能到讀懂你的想法是你的個人隱私被出賣啦！趕快來看看是怎么一回事吧！1The purpose of the passage is to_.Aintroduce a tiny file in a computera single codeBshow how your individual information was let out when you surf the InternetCshow how to protect your privacyDintroduce a sophisticated software called “beacon”答案B主旨大意題。本文圍繞著上網(wǎng)時你的個人信息被別人收集并且被出售了講述。故選B項。2All of the following statements are not true EXCEPT_.A. Lotame sells the profiles about individuals to companies seeking customers with their age，gender，location，hobbies and namesBspying on Internet users is the fastest­growing business on the World Wide WebCsome of the biggest websites in the US know they were installing intrusive files on visitors' computersDa tiny file in a computera single code consisting of a long series of numbers and letters can record the user's information答案D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Lotame packages that data into profiles about individuals，only without their names, and sells the profiles to companies seeking customers.”可知A錯誤。根據(jù)第五段“spying on Internet users is one of the fastest­growing businesses on the World Wide Web.”可知B錯誤。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“some of the biggest websites in the US don't know that they were installing intrusive files on visitorscomputers.”可知C錯誤。根據(jù)第二段可知D正確。3It can be inferred that_.Abecause the data is used harmlessly，Internet users around the world will not face threatsBwhen a person surfs the Internet，his personal details may be let out without his knowledgeCyour computer can really read your mindDMSN.com and Y.use a software to capture what people are typing on a website答案B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段以及下文可知，當(dāng)一個人上網(wǎng)時，他的信息有可能在自己不知道的情況下被別人所泄露或出售。4According to the passage，“beacon”_Ais a tiny text file put on your PC by websitesBis a software that can package that data into profiles about individualsCcan assess the Internet user's location，income，shopping interests and even medical conditionsDis not more complex than the “cookie”答案C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“beacons instantly assess the Internet user's location, income, shopping interests and even medical conditions.”可知選C。根據(jù)第六段“The“cookie”a tiny text file put on your PC by websites”可知A錯誤。根據(jù)第四段“Lotame packages that data into profiles(個人資料)about individuals”可知B錯誤。根據(jù)第六段“there are new and more complex tools such as“beacons”可知D錯誤。5What's the writer's attitude to this problem?ANeutral.BWorried.COptimistic. DIndifferent.答案B觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Millions of Internet users around the world also face unprecedented threats.Private，sensitive，personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge.”可知，作者指出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶面臨著空前的威【2015高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healt-hily and happily，it is a bad thing for young people.Puppy love (早戀)may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression(抑郁癥)The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys，and younger girls are the worst of all.The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “l(fā)oss of self”According to the study，even though boys would say “l(fā)ose themselves in a romantic relationship”，this“l(fā)oss of self”is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls.Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions.They won't tell that to their parents.Dr Marianm Kaufman，an expert on young people problems，says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing.Trying romance often causes the depression.She advises kids not to jump into romance too early.During growing up，it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self.She also suggests the parents should stimulate their kids to keep close to their friends，attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.Parents should watch for signs of depression eating or mood changesand if they see signs from their daughters or sons，they need to give help.The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age.Love will always make us feel young，but only maturity (成熟)gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】文章主要講述失戀對女孩子的影響，那些不善言語的女孩子更會患抑郁癥。36What's the main idea of the passage?APuppy love may bring young people depression.BParents should forbid their children's love.CRomance is a two­edged sword for adults.DRomance is good for young people.答案A主旨大意題。第一段的第一句“.it is a bad thing for young people.”是文章的主旨所在。故選A項。37Which of the following is more likely to have depression?AYoung people who have a strong sense of selfishness.BYoung boys whose parents watch for their behavior.CYoung girls who always hide their feelings and opinions.DCareless parents whose children are deep in love.答案C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段的最后兩句“Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions.They won't tell that to their parents?！笨芍?。38The underlined word in Paragraph 3 means_.Aencourage BforbidCexpect Dforce答案A詞義猜測題。聯(lián)系上句it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self可知：她建議父母鼓勵孩子們與外界接觸和交往。故選A項。39What can be inferred from the passage?ALacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.BEarly love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents.CParents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression.DThe older a woman is，the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance.答案D推理判斷題。從最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age.”可推知。40What's the author's attitude towards puppy love?AConfused. BDisapproving.CDisinterested. DScared.答案B觀點態(tài)度題。從最后一段最后一句“.but only maturity gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.”可知。閱讀理解解讀 “I like your smile, but unlike you put your shoes on my face”. A charming way of saying “Keep off the grass”. But could you figure it out? Or this: “Wash Clothing Store” for laundry.They are both typical Chinglish, a combination of English vocabulary and Chinese grammar. Expressions such as “people mountain people sea”， means extremely crowded, and “give you some color to see”， meaning a punishment, are widely known and recognized.Chinglish has been attracting global attention in recent years as China grows rapidly in stature on the world stage, attracting both fans and detractors.The Beijing Speaks Foreign Languages Programme and English First China Company, a language trainer known as EF Education, jointly launched a campaign to root out poor grammar and misused vocabulary in downtown Beijing. They argue Chinglish is an embarrassment that we should let it die out at all costs.“It is meaningful, to allow the capital show its most beautiful historical and cultural heritage to the world.” Michael Lu, vice­president of EF Education said, “since the launching of the campaign, foreign teachers and students had been very keen to volunteer participation.” He believed signs were very important in public services. “The signs in some old buildings confused foreign visitors.”Chinglish, although the target of much criticism, has also won supporters who regard it as an interesting way for foreigners to learn how Chinese people think and express themselves.“Many Chinglish logos carry Chinese elements and they will enrich the English language，” 32­year­old Oliver Radtke said. He had even published a book “Chinglish: Found in Translation，” on the subject. About 50 000 copies of the book have been sold since it was published in 2007.Some Chinese university experts also side with Chinglish. “English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth, and the emergence of Chinglish again testifies to the language's vitality and inclusiveness，” said Shi Anbin, an associate professor of Tsinghua University.文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹了中國式英語在中國的發(fā)展及應(yīng)用，并列舉了人們對其不同的看法和理解。13How did Chinglish come into being?AChinese people misunderstood the meaning of the new words.BChinese people combined English vocabulary with Chinese grammar.CChinese people based their English on the native English speakers.DChinese people make wide use of English vocabulary with bad spelling.14What Shi Anbin said means _.Athere are many French and Spanish words in EnglishBEnglish is the language with vitality and inclusivenessCChinglish enriches English and shouldn't be got rid ofDChinglish has greater effect on English than French and Spanish答案：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，Shi Anbin支持中國式英語。由“English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth, and the emergence of Chinglish again testifies to the language's vitality and inclusiveness”可推知，Shi Anbin認(rèn)為中國式英語的存在證明了英語是一種包容性很強的語言，中國式英語能像法語和西班牙語一樣使英語變得豐富。故答案選C。15According to Oliver Radtke, Chinglish _.Ashows how Chinese people thinkBdoes damage to the English languageCshows the great humor of Chinese peopleDshould be sold to all over the world閱讀理解解讀Since the beginning of the year, smog has covered parts of North China. In January, Beijing saw only five days without smog. The rising PM2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory (呼吸系統(tǒng)) and heart diseases.Later, news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe.So the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere.Smog is especially a common concern. As a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your income or profession. People with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else.At a meeting on Monday, many representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. One talked about his experience in Beijing. “After taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, I washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. We should ask ourselves this question: Why do we want to develop? It's for living a better life. Dirty air is definitely not a better life，” he said.China needs to develop its economy and invest (投資) in high­tech. Every Chinese has a dream to make China stronger. But without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will become meaningless. Space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on Mars so that one day all human beings can move to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth.What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China. The great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful China. The words have shown the central government's determination to address the environment issue.文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。今年北京的霧霾天氣引起了許多人對環(huán)保重要性的重視，我們不能只關(guān)注經(jīng)濟而忽視了我們賴以生存的環(huán)境，因為發(fā)展是為了生活得更好。16The effect of smog doesn't include _.Athe rising of PM2. 5 readings Bmore people suffering diseasesCthe increase of people's income Dpatients increased in hospital17Why has smog become a common concern?ABecause people have to pay higher prices.BBecause nobody can avoid it.CBecause we have to develop industry.DBecause a popular online­post discussed it.18To make China stronger we have to develop economy, but _.Awe have to sacrifice air as the priceBthe dirty air is not what we wantCecological progress can be ignoredDthe smog is the only byproduct19The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to _.Ahuman beings Bother planetsCspace technologies Dindustrial development答案：A指代判斷題。they是代詞，用來代替前面出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處they代替上文中的human beings。故答案選A。20From the last two paragraphs we can infer that _.Ahigh­tech can completely solve the problem of pollutionBspace technologies should be developed in a large scaleCwe can move to Mars after the earth has been destroyedDwe must protect the environment while developing economy