2022屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分高考題型組合練組合練二十九閱讀理解+閱讀七選五含解析新人教版

組合練(二十九)閱讀理解閱讀七選五閱讀理解A(2021·臨汾適應(yīng)性檢測(cè))Support Tech Education for Street Youth in LebanonAbout CodeBraveWe train former street youth in digital skills, coding and robotics, helping them to secure jobs that are not only wellpaid but futureproof too We run our programme in a shelter for homeless childrenWe have now been successfully carrying out the programme since June 2018 In this time, our children have gone from barely knowing how to use a computer, to writing the code for basic websites totally from scratch We want to carry on developing the programme in 2020 by continuing appropriate tech education of 20 children, and to engage a further 40 childrenFormer street youth are often forced into exploitative workYoung people living in shelter often end up back on the street as soon as they leave state care They become trapped in a cycle of poverty, as they don't have marketable skills to secure wellpaid work Often the only work opportunities available to them are hard manual labourWhy is the tech sector a window of opportunity?Tech education provides young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage of supply in the Middle East It also gives them access to an international online job marketWhere Your Money Will GoHelp us give former street youth in Lebanon an alternative to exploitative work through tech educationSupport UsFlexible fundingthis project will receive all donations made by 3rd April at 11：55 pm25 or moreFunds 1 student's coding & robotics education for a month50 or moreFunds a new Arduino robotics starter kit for our students100 or moreFunds 1 student through an internship (實(shí)習(xí)期) (for bus and lunch money)300 or moreFunds 1 student's coding & robotics education for 1 year語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了針對(duì)黎巴嫩無(wú)家可歸的孩子們而進(jìn)行的技術(shù)教育慈善項(xiàng)目的相關(guān)情況。1What can we learn about CodeBrave?AIt's a shelter for the youngBIt's a free project in digital skillsCIt's a program for the homelessDIt's a profitable training organization解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)About CodeBrave部分第一段第一句中的“We train former street youth in digital skills, coding and robotics”以及最后一句“We run our programme in a shelter for homeless children”可知，CodeBrave是免費(fèi)為那些無(wú)家可歸的孩子們?cè)诒茈y所開(kāi)設(shè)的數(shù)字化技能培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目。故選B。答案：B2What made CodeBrave choose tech education?AThe importance of marketable skillsBThe desire to get rid of povertyCThe request from the state careDThe demand of the employment market解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Why is the tech sector a window of opportunity？部分第一句“Tech education provides young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage of supply in Middle East”可知，CodeBrave選擇技術(shù)教育的原因是中東地區(qū)對(duì)此類(lèi)勞動(dòng)力有需求。故選D。答案：D3Where are most of the donations spent?AEquipmentBTeacher TrainingCOperational CostsDTeaching Costs解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Where Your Money Will Go部分中的“Teaching Costs 791%”可知，大部分捐款會(huì)花在教學(xué)上。故選D。答案：DB(2021·濟(jì)南模擬考試)Philadelphia's Magic Gardens makes up a folk art center, gallery space, and a nonprofit organization showcasing the works of mosaicist (鑲嵌設(shè)計(jì)師) Isaiah ZagarZagar devoted himself to beautifying the South Street neighborhood in the late 1960s, when he moved to the area with his wife Julia The couple helped the area by purchasing and repairing some old buildings, often adding colorful mosaics on both their private and public walls The first such project was Julia's folk art store, the Eye's Gallery at 402 South StreetZagar started working on the Magic Gardens in 1998 in the deserted parking lot near his studio He spent the next fourteen years sculpting multilayered walls and decorating the 3，000 square foot space The installation (現(xiàn)代雕塑裝置), primarily consisting of found objects and contributions from the community, finally covers half a city block with countless patterns and colors It shows Zagar's many artistic influences, as well as the events and experiences of his lifeIn 2012, the owner of the parking lot decided to sell the land in response to rising South Street property values Unwilling to witness the destruction of Zagar's neighborhood art environment, the community rushed to support the artist His creation, newly titled Philadelphia's Magic Gardens, turned into a nonprofit organization with the intention of preserving and promoting Zagar's works at the site of the Magic Gardens and throughout the South Street regionThe Magic Gardens is now a permanent art institution that is open to visitors throughout the year Trained guides are available to lead tours of the Magic Gardens and Zagar's surrounding public wall paintings In addition, it offers monthly mosaic workshops led by Zagar himself, and regularly hosts concerts, dance performances, and other public events語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)費(fèi)城的魔法花園的初創(chuàng)、成形以及對(duì)它的保護(hù)等。4How did Zagar help the South Street neighborhood?AHe moved to the area with his familyBHe worked to improve its surroundingsCHe opened a folk art store with his wifeDHe managed to buy all the old buildings解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Zagar devoted himself to beautifying the South Street neighborhood”可知，他致力于美化南街社區(qū)。答案：B5What does paragraph 3 intend to tell us?AGreat achievements of ZagarBSpecial skills of the installationCLocation of the Magic GardensDEarly history of the Magic Gardens解析：段落大意題。通讀第三段可知，本段主要講述了Zagar最初創(chuàng)辦魔法花園的經(jīng)歷，即魔法花園早期的歷史。故選D。答案：D6What do the local residents think of Zagar's works?AThey harm environmentBThey can bring in profitsCThey should be removedDThey are precious treasures解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Unwilling to witness the destructionthe community rushed to support the artist”以及“preserving and promoting Zagar's works”可知，社區(qū)居民將Zagar的作品視作珍寶，他們都在盡力支持他以及他的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作。故選D。答案：D7What can tourists do in Philadelphia's Magic Gardens?APaint the walls on the spotBPut on music performancesCEnjoy some Zagar's worksDAttend some dance courses解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“l(fā)ead tours of the Magic Gardens and Zagar's surrounding public wall paintings”以及“it offers monthly mosaic workshops led by Zagar himself”可知，經(jīng)過(guò)培訓(xùn)的導(dǎo)游可帶領(lǐng)游客參觀(guān)魔法花園和Zagar周?chē)墓矅鷫L畫(huà)，游客也可參加Zagar本人每月主持的鑲嵌圖案講習(xí)班。答案：CC(2021·鄭州三測(cè))Fires sweeping across the Amazon rainforest recently have been making the headlines as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change crisis and endanger biodiversity (生態(tài)多樣性)As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest is often called “the lungs of the world” It is also home to about 3 million species of plants and animals, and 1 million local people The vast area of rainforest plays an important role in the world's ecosystem because it absorbs heat instead of reflecting heat back into the atmosphere It also stores carbon dioxide and produces oxygen, ensuring that less carbon is released, reducing the effects of climate change“Any destruction of forest is a danger to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity，” Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic “The great danger is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere，” he stressed “In the midst of the global climate crisis, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity The Amazon rainforest must be protected，” UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres saidData from the National Institute for Space Research show that a total of 71，497 forest fires were registered in Brazil in the first 8 months of 2019, up from 39，194 in the same period in 2018 “We estimate that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased by 20 to 30 percent compared to the last 12 months，” Carlos Nobre, a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche WelleBrazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose degradation (惡化) could have severe consequences for global climate The extent of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined, but the emergency has gone beyond Brazil's borders語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了雨林火災(zāi)造成嚴(yán)重的后果以及保護(hù)亞馬孫熱帶雨林的緊急性。8What is the second paragraph mainly about?AThe great role of the Amazon rainforestBThe effects of consistent climate changeCThe causes of the decreasing biodiversityDThe results of the Amazon rainforest fires解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“the Amazon rainforest is often calledthe lungs of the world”以及第三句中的“The vast area of rainforest plays an important role in the world's ecosystem”可知，亞馬孫熱帶雨林被稱(chēng)為“地球之肺”，廣袤的雨林在世界生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中扮演著重要的角色。由此可知，第二段主要講亞馬孫雨林的重要作用。故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A9Why does the author mention the figures in the fourth paragraph?ATo explain the process of the researchBTo present the bad influence of forest firesCTo prove the great importance of the rainforestDTo show the urgency of protecting the rainforest解析：寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)第四段中的“a total of 71，497 forest fires were registeredin 2018”可知，巴西森林火災(zāi)的數(shù)量2018年前8個(gè)月是39 194，2019年前8個(gè)月是71 497。再根據(jù)第四段中的“the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased by 20 to 30 percent compared to the last 12 months”可知，巴西亞馬孫河流域的森林面積比過(guò)去12個(gè)月減少了20%到30%。最后再根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“The Amazon rainforest must be protected”和最后一段中的“the emergency has gone beyond Brazil's borders”可推知，作者提到第四段中的數(shù)字是為了說(shuō)明保護(hù)雨林的緊急性。答案：D10What does the author want to tell us in the passage?AThe dry weather leads to the rainforest firesBThe biodiversity makes the rainforest uniqueCThe rainforest fires result in serious consequencesDThe global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Any destruction of forest is a danger to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity”可知，雨林火災(zāi)威脅生物多樣性和人類(lèi)生活；再根據(jù)最后一段中的“Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest，whose degradation could have severe consequences for global climate”可知，巴西擁有大約60%的亞馬孫雨林，其惡化會(huì)對(duì)全球氣候有嚴(yán)重后果。由此可推知，作者旨在告訴我們，雨林火災(zāi)會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重后果。答案：C11Which section of a newspaper might this passage probably be taken from?ACulture and lifeBNature and geographyCHumankind and societyDScience and technology解析：文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段中的“they will worsen climate change crisis and endanger biodiversity”和第二段中的“The vast area of rainforest plays an important role in the world's ecosystem”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文講述的是亞馬孫雨林火災(zāi)及其嚴(yán)重后果，所以本文最有可能摘自報(bào)紙的自然地理部分。答案：BD(2021·石家莊高考模擬)A new device works like a solar panel, except it doesn't harvest energy from the sun It captures energy from the cold night skyA prototype (雛形) of the device produced enough electricity at night to power a small light bulb A bigger version might one day light rooms or charge phones It could also power electronics in remote or lowresource areas that lack electricityThe device makes use of the temperature difference between the Earth and outer space to create electricity As long as one side of it is cooler than the other, the generator can produce electricity The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate That plate is sealed beneath a transparent cover and surrounded with insulation (隔熱材料) to keep out heat The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate That plate is warmed by the local air At night, the top plate can get a couple of degrees Celsius cooler than the bottom of the generatorResearchers tested a 20centimeter prototype one clear December night in Stanford University, California The generator produced up to 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of the device That was enough power to light a small light emitting diode, or a LED bulb Further improvements might increase its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter The system might need more insulation around the cool top plate to do that“The device could also help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices，” says Aaswath Raman He is a materials scientist who works on the device at the University of California, Los Angeles “This may be useful in polar regions where people can't see sunlight for months，” Raman says“If you have some lowpower devices and you need to power them through three months of darkness, this might be a way”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇科技說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種新型發(fā)電裝置，這種裝置可以從寒冷的夜空中收集能量，利用地球和外層空間的溫差來(lái)發(fā)電。12What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 3?AApplication fields of the deviceBThe developing process of the deviceCThe working principle of the deviceDSignificant effects of the device解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“The device makes use of the temperature difference between the Earth and outer space to create electricity”可知，這種裝置利用地球和外層空間的溫差來(lái)發(fā)電，并結(jié)合第三段的其他部分可知，第三段主要敘述了這種裝置發(fā)電的原理。答案：C13How can researchers make the device produce more electricity?ABy putting more insulation around the top plateBBy using it in extremely cold and clear nightsCBy attaching the bottom plate to a warm plateDBy covering the top plate with a transparent lid解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Further improvements might increase its productionThe system might need more insulation around the cool top plate to do that”可知，為了讓這個(gè)裝置產(chǎn)生更多的電量，該系統(tǒng)頂部的鋁板四周可能需要更多的隔熱材料。答案：A14What's Raman's attitude to the new device?ADoubtfulBHopefulCNegative DAmbiguous解析：觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中Raman所說(shuō)的話(huà)可知，他認(rèn)為這種新的裝置可以應(yīng)用到很多的領(lǐng)域。由此可知，他對(duì)這種裝置充滿(mǎn)希望，持肯定態(tài)度。doubtful“可疑的”；hopeful“抱有希望的，滿(mǎn)懷希望的”；negative“消極的，負(fù)面的”；ambiguous“模棱兩可的”。答案：B15What could be a suitable title for the text?AA Device Using the Cold Night Sky to Produce ElectricityBA Device Bringing New Hope for Those in the Cold NightCThe Differences Between a Solar Panel and a New DeviceDThe Temperature Difference between the Earth and Outer Space解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章介紹了一種新型發(fā)電裝置，這種裝置可以從寒冷的夜空中收集能量，利用地球和外層空間的溫差來(lái)發(fā)電。B項(xiàng)“給寒夜里的那些人帶來(lái)新希望的裝置”太籠統(tǒng)，寒夜里的人很多，有很多人不需要這樣發(fā)電；C項(xiàng)“太陽(yáng)能電池板和新裝置的區(qū)別”，偏離了本文的主題；D項(xiàng)“地球和外層空間的溫差”，與本文內(nèi)容不符。答案：A閱讀七選五(2021·石家莊階段性檢測(cè))Nofriend eating trendWhen you eat lunch in a restaurant, you might see many people eating by themselves, watching videos on their phones 16 Do you worry they're lonely?16解析：根據(jù)空前的“you might see many people eating by themselvesphones”及空后的“Do you worry they're lonely？”可知，空處應(yīng)是有關(guān)“你”對(duì)所見(jiàn)之事的感受的，故B項(xiàng)“你同情他們嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)句子結(jié)構(gòu)與空后句子結(jié)構(gòu)的一致性亦是提示。答案：BYou probably didn't even notice because you were looking at your own phone The New York Post says that eating alone with electronic devices is a growing trend among young people around the worldAccording to a new survey conducted by OnePoll on behalf of the US Highbush Blueberry Council, the average adult eats six meals alone each week and 387 meals each year 17 Maybe not17解析：根據(jù)空后的答語(yǔ)“Maybe not”可知，空處應(yīng)為問(wèn)句。下文中解釋了人們并不孤獨(dú)，故D項(xiàng)“這是否意味著有許多孤獨(dú)的人呢？”符合語(yǔ)境。選項(xiàng)中的lonely與空前句中的alone相呼應(yīng)。答案：D“The way we define togetherness and what it means to be connected seem to be evolving as technology evolves Keeping our relationships strong doesn't always require being together physically，” wrote the reportNowadays, many young people spend more time studying and working in competitive environments 18 Instead, it's natural to communicate with others through texts, emails and social media18解析：空前講到現(xiàn)在許多年輕人在學(xué)習(xí)和工作上花費(fèi)了更多的時(shí)間，空后說(shuō)通過(guò)短信、郵件和社交媒體聯(lián)系很正常，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“他們很少有時(shí)間與朋友或家人聚在一起吃飯”是“communicate with others through texts, emails and social media”的原因，且選項(xiàng)中的less time與前文的more time前后呼應(yīng)，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。答案：FDaniela Galarza, from the US, is one of these young people She told the New York Post that she spent nearly 10 hours on her work every day She said, “Engaging with my friends and families on social media platforms for about half an hour every day always helps me feel more connected with them 19 ”19解析：根據(jù)空前Daniela Galarza所述她和家人及朋友的聯(lián)系更加密切了可知，空處應(yīng)與其感受有關(guān)。A項(xiàng)“我不再孤單”符合語(yǔ)境。答案：A“Today, togetherness is more of a feeling than a physical state, and people get creative to stay connected，” a spokesperson for the US Highbush Blueberry Council told the New York Post “ 20 ”AI'm not lonely any moreBDo you feel pity for them?CBeing together all the time is greatDDoes it mean there are a lot of lonely people?EThey enjoy eating alone with electronic devicesFThey have less time to gather and eat with their friends or familiesGThe joy of being togetherhowever you manage itnever changes20解析：空前句中講到，如今，團(tuán)聚更是一種感覺(jué)，而不是一種物理狀態(tài)，并且人們通過(guò)創(chuàng)新的方式與他人保持聯(lián)系。由此可知，空處所在句應(yīng)是對(duì)這一內(nèi)容的延伸，故選G項(xiàng)(無(wú)論你用什么樣的方式團(tuán)聚，在一起的快樂(lè)從未改變)。答案：G語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。隨著現(xiàn)代科技和通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人們雖然獨(dú)處的日子多了，但并不是真的孤獨(dú)，新科技反而讓人們對(duì)團(tuán)聚有了更新的認(rèn)識(shí)。