2022屆高考英語一輪復習第二部分高考題型組合練組合練二十七閱讀理解+閱讀七選五含解析新人教版

組合練(二十七)閱讀理解閱讀七選五閱讀理解A(2021·武漢畢業(yè)班學習質(zhì)量檢測)Have you ever experienced any inconvenience caused by language barriers while travelling? Have you ever thought how awesome those language courses would be if they didn't cost so much money and require so much time?Translaty is created to serve this purposewithout wasting your money and time on language courses, you can instantly become “fluent” in more than 40 languages with this genius device!What is Translaty?Translaty is a simple yet lifechanging invention that helps you to overcome any obstacles caused by foreign languages, whether you're in a business meeting with an international client or sunbathing somewhere on a Spanish beach This small but ingenious device is able to instantly recognize and translate over 40 different languages, making intercultural communication completely effortless!What languages can I actually communicate in?Translaty has more than 40 languages preinstalled, so you're able to use it the minute you get it! It provides fast and accurate twoway communication and allows you to install some other languages that you might be missingWhat makes Translaty so special?*Makes travelling easierforget language barriers and become “fluent” in more than 40 languages* Helps in businessstrengthening your international business relationships It's easy when you speak the same language*Assists in daily lifeallowing you to overcome language differences with your foreign friends*Convenient and easy to uselightweight and simple design ensures it's there when you need it the most*Offers 100% accurate, twoway translations*High sound and recording quality ensure there are no misunderstandingsTo sum upget it while you can!語篇解讀本文是一篇應用文。文章向讀者介紹了一種小而精巧、質(zhì)量可靠且能夠解決跨文化交際中出現(xiàn)的語言障礙的翻譯設(shè)備。1Translaty can help users Abetter understand foreignersBlearn foreign languages wellCspend less in learning a languageDbuild relationships with colleagues解析：推理判斷題。由What is Translaty？部分最后一句可知，這種小而精巧的設(shè)備能即時識別并翻譯40多種不同的語言，它可以讓跨文化交際變得毫不費力！故由此推斷，Translaty可以幫助用戶更好地了解外國人。故選A。答案：A2What is special about Translaty?AIt's secureBIt's strongCIt's reliable DIt's affordable解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)What makes Translaty so special？部分中的“Offers 100% accurate, twoway translations”及“High sound and recording quality ensure there are no misunderstandings”可知，Translaty所提供的翻譯正確率達到100%，品質(zhì)非常高，不會造成誤解。由此可推知，Translaty的特別之處在于它非?？煽?。故選C。答案：C3What's the purpose of the passage?ATo report BTo advertiseCTo appeal DTo reply解析：寫作意圖題。該題問的是本文的寫作目的是什么。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要向讀者介紹了一種小而精巧、質(zhì)量可靠、能夠解決跨文化交際中出現(xiàn)的語言障礙的翻譯設(shè)備。由此可推知，本文主要是在為這種翻譯設(shè)備做廣告，來讓讀者購買。故選B。答案：BBMany Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air, especially when it reaches critical pollution levels, but one local firm decided that canning (罐裝) and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir (紀念品) would be a great idea Believe it or not, he was rightAfter seeing a number of companies achieve commercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France, Canada or Australia and selling it in China, Dominic JohnsonHill, a Britishborn citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop, decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beijing air throughout China and abroad“I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way，” the entrepreneur said“They're perfect gifts! What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing? A roast duck? A Plastered Tshirt? These cans are light, portable You can just imagine someone's face when they unwrap (打開) it for Christmas”The few mouthfulls of Beijing air come in standard tin cans featuring a couple of city landmarks as well as a bitter description of the contents: “a unique mix of nitrogen (氮氣), oxygen and some other stuff ” The ironic (諷刺的) souvenirs cost 28 RMB ($4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shop, as well as on its online shop But if you're actually considering buying some, you'd better ask shop in advance, as they are virtually flying off the shelves JohnsonHill said that his shop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every dayPersonally, the wellsold can probably is an awakening for the public to be concerned about the living conditions Yet one thing that's not particularly clear is whether the air is really collected from Beijing, as the cans are labeled as “Made in Shenzhen” There's a big chance that's just a kind of Plastered 8 humor, as they also list “Choking Hazard” and “May have unidentified objects inside” as warningsAnyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment語篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了Dominic JohnsonHill在中國和海外銷售罐裝北京空氣，人們對此看法不一，但作者認為無論如何，這可能是喚起公眾保護環(huán)境意識的一種獨特方式。4What contributes to Dominic's idea of canning and selling the poor quality air?ATry to get used to itBSell it all over the worldCCan it as a souvenirDTry to push business the other way解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way， the entrepreneur said”可知，努力把生意推向另一個方向使Dominic產(chǎn)生了制作和銷售劣質(zhì)空氣的想法。答案：D5How may one feel when receiving canned Beijing air for Christmas?ASatisfied BSurprisedCFrightened DRefreshed解析：推理判斷題。由第三段中的“These cans are light, portable You can just imagine someone's face when they unwrap it for Christmas”可知，你可以想象某人在圣誕節(jié)打開易拉罐時的表情；圣誕禮物一般都是美好的，而一個人收到北京罐裝空氣作為圣誕禮物一定會感到很吃驚。答案：B6Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stuff” in paragraph 4?Aliquids BobjectsCminerals Drisks解析：詞義猜測題。由第四段第一句可知，罐裝的北京空氣中含有氮、氧和一些其他物質(zhì)，and表并列，所以stuff是和氮、氧類似的物質(zhì)，由此可知，畫線詞詞義為“物質(zhì)”。答案：B7What can we infer from the passage?AThe canned Beijing air may harm people who buy itBThe Plastered 8 souvenir shop is famous for its humourCPeople should make efforts to protect the environmentDDominic JohnsonHill likes the poor quality air in Beijing解析：推理判斷題。由最后一段中“Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment”可知，無論如何，這可能是喚起公眾保護環(huán)境的意識的一種獨特方式，由此可知，人們應該努力保護環(huán)境。答案：CC(2021·山東六市聯(lián)合測試)In a new study, researchers analyzed information from more than 18，000 people who provided blood samples Participants reported whether they exercised regularly, and if so, what type of exercises they typically did The researchers then scanned participants' blood, looking for genes that are tied to an increased risk of obesity (肥胖) Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed to balance this riskOverall, people who reported doing any type of regular exercises tended to have a lower BMI (體重指數(shù)) than those who didn't This was true even among people who were genetically easy to become overweight But one exercise stood out as the one with the strongest antiobesity effect: jogging Participants with obesity genes who jogged tended to have a lower BMI than people with similar genetic risk who did not jogBut for those who loathe jogging, fear not: Five other types of exercises were also tied to a lower BMI among individuals at risk for obesity These included mountain climbing, ballroom dancing and walking The benefits of these exercises were the biggest among those with the greatest genetic risk of obesityInterestingly, several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming The findings don't mean that these latter exercises can't help with weight control It's just that they didn't seem to counteract the genetic tendency to gain weightThere could be several reasons for this The researchers noted that, for the average Joe or Jane, cycling and stretching exercises tend to require less energy than the exercises that were tied to a lower obesity risk In addition, exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外，爬山、交際舞和散步也有利于減小肥胖的風險。然而，騎自行車、做伸展運動和游泳等并不能幫助抵抗肥胖基因風險。8What does the underlined word “l(fā)oathe” in the third paragraph mean?ADislike BDisplayCDisturb DDiscourage解析：詞義猜測題。畫線詞后面提供了其他幾項抵抗肥胖基因風險的運動?？梢姰嬀€詞所在句的意思是“對于那些不喜歡慢跑的人來說，也不必擔心”。故可判斷l(xiāng)oathe是“不喜歡，討厭”之意。答案：A9Which exercise has the least effect on balancing obesity genes?AMountain climbing BBallroom dancingCRunning slowly DRiding a bicycle解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming”可知，騎自行車不能抵抗肥胖基因風險。答案：D10What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?ASwimming doesn't help one lose weightBDiving may make a person eat more foodCAverage people put less energy into exercisesDStretching exercises will become popular解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，水中運動可能會增加食欲。潛水屬于水中運動，據(jù)此可判斷潛水可能使一個人飯量增加。答案：B11Which of the following is the best title?AJogging Less Leads to Genetic ObesityBRegular Exercises Tend to Lower BMICWhether Exercises Balance Risks of Obesity GenesDGenes Are Very Important for People's Weight Control解析：標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句、第二段第三句、第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知，本文主要講的是運動是否能夠平衡肥胖基因的風險，故C項是最佳答案。答案：CD(2021·浙江東陽模擬)When early humans killed a mammoth, how did they keep the meat before they could eat it all? We don't know; maybe they didn't But perhaps they preserved their mammoth steaks in salt However, it is hard to know for sure We do know for certain that by 3，000 years ago, the Babylonians, Egyptians, and Chinese were all experts at salting They used salt to preserve foodFor thousands of years, salting was a common way to preserve food But for a long time, no one knew why salt worked Then, in the 1800s, a Frenchman named Louis Pasteur discovered the secret: bacteria What does salt have to do with bacteria? First, bacteria need moisture to grow and multiply Salt pulls moisture out of food, so the bacteria no longer have enough moisture Besides, salt is poisonous to many bacteria If you cover food with salt, bacteria outside the food die before they get in, and bacteria already in the food are poisoned by the saltSo how do you preserve food with salt? For meat or fish, you pour a layer of salt, then rub it in well Hams are often made this way Another way is to alternate layers of food and salt in a big container The salt will draw the moisture out of the food, creating brine (鹽水) that the food sits in You'll need to make sure the brine completely covers the food; otherwise, any food left exposed to the air will spoil If you preserve cabbage this way, you'll make sauerkrautHow well salt preserves food depends on how much it is used The more salt, the longer the food is preserved Unfortunately, using enough salt to preserve food for a very long time can cause problems It can make food tough It can destroy the flavor And, of course, it can make the food too salty to eat, which is harmful to our healthToday, even though we no longer rely on salt to keep our food fresh, we haven't lost our taste for salt We don't want to give up our bacon, salami, and watermelon pickles!語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種常見的保存食物的方法腌制，講述了腌制中鹽所起的作用、如何用鹽保存食物以及鹽的用量問題。12Why are examples of the ancient people mentioned in the first paragraph?ATo make an introduction to the topicBTo explain our ancestors were very cleverCTo tell us the ancient people had a lot of food to eatDTo show the ancient people were good at preserving food解析：寫作意圖題。文章開頭以及下文中對腌制食物這種方法的介紹可知，第一段提到古人保存食物的方法主要是為了引入文章主題。答案：A13What does the underlined word “spoil” in paragraph 3 mean?ABecome more deliciousBBe preserved longerCGo badDBecome extremely salty解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“You'll need to make sure the brine completely covers the food”可知，腌制食物時要保證鹽水完全覆蓋食物。再根據(jù)otherwise可知，此處說的是與之相反的情況，即如果不按要求腌制食物，結(jié)果會不好。再結(jié)合生活常識可知，此處是指任何暴露在空氣中的食物都會變質(zhì)。spoil在此處作動詞，表示“變壞，變質(zhì)，腐敗”。答案：C14Which of the following does the author probably agree with?AIf you want to make a ham, you should keep it in brineBIf you want to make sauerkraut, you'd better pour a layer of salt and rub itCTo keep the food longer, you should put as much salt on the food as possibleDPeople needn't give up salty food completely as long as they control the amount解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“we haven't lost our taste for salt We don't want to give up our bacon, salami, and watermelon pickles！”可知，人們沒有失去對鹽的喜愛，并不想放棄腌制的食物。再結(jié)合第四段第一句可知，人們不必放棄腌制的食物，只要控制好鹽的用量即可。故選D項。答案：D15What's the author's purpose in writing the text?ATo explain how the ancient people preserved foodBTo tell us how salt works in preserving foodCTo persuade people to give up salty foodDTo introduce the way of preserving food with salt解析：寫作意圖題。文章主要介紹了鹽在腌制中的作用、如何用鹽保存食物以及鹽的用量問題，即作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹用鹽腌制食物的方法。答案：D閱讀七選五(2021·衡水中學一調(diào))Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art, including paintings, drawings, photographs, sculptures, etc 16 At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined 17 16解析：根據(jù)下文中的“At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light”可知，然而，與此同時，每件藝術(shù)展品都需避免被過度暴露在光線下。E項“為了更好地改善它們的外觀，展區(qū)需要有明亮的光線”與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選E。答案：E17解析：上文介紹了展覽館既需要避免光線過強，又需要有明亮的光線；下文介紹了如何確保藝術(shù)展覽館有足夠的光線及如何防止光線對展品產(chǎn)生破壞。F項“尋找到既有足夠的光線而又不會過于明亮的平衡點需要很好的技巧和經(jīng)驗”承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。答案：FThe most common form of lighting used to light up artwork is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed 18 It permits the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting Recessed (嵌入的) lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place but can instead be easily moved to create ideal light patterns Most art gallery directors state that a combination of tracked and recessed light equipment is ideal because the tracked lights focus directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source 19 18解析：根據(jù)下文“It permits the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting”可知，它可以在需要調(diào)節(jié)光模式時使移動光源變得更容易。B項“使用追光燈是很有用的”與下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選B。答案：B19解析：根據(jù)上文中的“the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source”可知，嵌入式的照明能給展品周圍提供光源。D項“這種光源可以更好地改善展品周圍的氛圍”與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選D。答案：DHow to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artwork Caution must be taken to avoid creating too many areas with shadows or to have the lights cause a glare on the artwork Besides, the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly on the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer According to experts, low voltage (電壓) bulbs are the best to use when lighting artwork 20 Thus artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit itAIt can make the displays attractiveBUsing tracked lighting is beneficialCLight plays a key role in art galleriesDThis light source can better improve the mood surrounding the workETo better improve their appearance, the display area needs to be well litFFinding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skill and experienceGAbove all, natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage artwork, particularly paintings, over time20解析：根據(jù)下文“Thus artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it”可知，藝術(shù)展品需要放在太陽光不能直接照射到的房間中。G項“最重要的是，要避免自然光，因為直射的太陽光會慢慢地毀壞藝術(shù)品，特別是畫作”與下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選G。答案：G語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了光線對藝術(shù)展覽館及其內(nèi)部作品的布局產(chǎn)生的影響。