2014屆高考英語 閱讀理解 2013暑假練習題（21）

2014高考英語閱讀理解：2013暑假練習題（21）及答案解析AIt is easy for us to tell our friends from our enemies. But can other animals do the same? Elephants can! They can use their sense of vision and smell to tell the difference between people who pose a threat and those who do not.In Kenya, researchers found that elephants react differently to clothing worn by men of the Maasai and Kamba ethnic groups. Young Maasai men spear animals and thus pose a threat to elephants; Kamba men are mainly farmers and are not a danger to elephants.In an experiment conducted by animal scientists, elephants were first presented with clean clothing or clothing that had been worn for five days by either a Maasai or a Kamba man. When the elephants detected the smell of clothing worn by a Maasai man, they moved away from the smell faster and took longer to relax than when they detected the smells of either clothing worn by Kamba men or clothing that had not been worn at all. Garment color also plays a role, though in a different way. In the same study, when the elephants saw red clothing not worn before, they reacted angrily, as red is typically worn by Maasai men. Rather than running away as they did with the smell, the elephants acted aggressively toward the red clothing.The researchers believe that the elephants emotional reactions are due to their different interpretations of the smells and the sights. Smelling a potential danger means that a threat is nearby and the best thing to do is run away and hide. Seeing a potential threat without its smell means that risk is low. Therefore, instead of showing fear and running away, the elephants express their anger and become aggressive.41. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about Kamba and Maasai people? A. Maasai people are a threat to elephants. B. Kamba people raise elephants for farming. C. Both Kamba and Maasai people are elephant hunters. D. Both Kamba and Maasai people traditionally wear red clothing.42. How did the elephants react to smell in the study? A. They attacked a man with the smell of new clothing. B. They needed time to relax when smelling something unfamiliar.C. They became anxious when they smelled Kamba-scented clothing. D. They were frightened and ran away when they smelled their enemies. 43. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Elephants use sight and smell to detect danger.B. Elephants attack people who wear red clothing. C. Scientists are now able to control elephants emotions. D. Some Kenyan tribes understand elephants emotions very well.參考答案4143、 ADA *結束 BThe common cold is the worlds most widespread illness, which is probably why there are more myths(神話，想象) about it than any of the other illnesses.The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by coldThey are notThey are caused by viruses passing on from person to personYou catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has oneIf cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them foreverBut they do notAnd in isolated Arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected(感染的) people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanesAt the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of timeAfter taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be doused(浸入) with cold water, and then stood about dripping（滴干） wet in drafty（通風的） roomsSome wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustionNot one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his noseIf cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? In spite of the most painstaking research, no one has yet found the answerOne explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed onNo one has yet found a cure for the coldThere are drugs and pain suppressors such as aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms44The fact that the Eskimos dont suffer colds shows that .Acolds are really full of mythsBviruses are the factors causing coldsCcolds are more severe than other illnessesDthe idea that cold leads to colds doesnt stand up45The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 3 made it clear that .Abeing doused with cold water did harm to ones bodyBtaking hot baths made the volunteers easy to be tiredCit was viruses not wet and cold that made people have coldsDpeople who would like to exercise in the rain got colds more easily46According to the passage, colds are commonly seen in winter because .Athere is great difference between indoor and outdoor temperatureBviruses can go into peoples warm bodies more easily in winterCstaying together indoors makes it easier for viruses to pass onDpeople are usually weak because of the extreme cold in winter47What does the passage mainly discuss?AThe reason and the way people catch colds.BThe continued spread of colds.CThe experiments on colds.DThe myths about colds.參考答案4447、DCCA*結束 (第 篇)AWestern New Bridge Library AnnouncementShortened Library Hours for Spring BreakLibrary Hours have been shortened to 7 hours a day (900 a. m. 400 p. m. ) for Spring Break from March 24 to March 30.Coming EventsOn Monday, March 24, at 1030 a. m. , Scott Sutton, a childrens writer, will tell stories to kids over seven. Sutton s attractive style will surely inspire everyone present ！At 200 p. m. , on March 25, a lecture will be delivered in Room 201, which focuses on the development of writing skill. Famous tutors from the district won t disappoint you.At 100 p. m. ，on March 26, the Georgetown Musicians will present an Irish Folk Concert, which will be entertaining for the entire family. Come for the music and stay to check out some relevant books for the rest of the week！On Thursday, March 27, at 200 p. m. , the annual Children s Gathering will take place in Room 201, the second floor. Pick up an invitation in the Children s Room and return your RSVP (回復)to reserve your seat at the table by 300 p. m. on Tuesday, March 25. Only children are allowed in the Gathering.At 1030 am. on Friday, March 28, Enzo Monfre of the hit kids science show, ENZOology, will bring Fossils Live! Surely Enzo will take the audience back in time, deep beneath the surface of the earth, to uncover the mysteries of killer dinosaurs, and more. Enzo recently appeared on the Ellen DeGeneres Show come and see him at the library！Please note: In case of emergency, please call the Help Desk at 926 3736 and follow the procedures outlined on the voice message. The calldown service is staffed 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for emergencies. The Help Desk supplies service to you all the year round! For questions about all these, please contact_hld_wnbl._corg.Come for the great Fun; Stay for the relevant Books！語篇解讀本文是一則通知，屬于應用文。文章主要介紹了寒假期間學校圖書館作息時間的變化及將要舉行的一系列活動。1Tim wants to polish his writing, it is best for him to attend the related activity on_.A. MondayB. TuesdayC. Thursday D. Friday解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)Coming Events中的第一、二兩條信息判斷，提高寫作技能的活動是在March 25舉行的，而由第一條信息可知March 24是星期一，所以選B。答案B2Which of the following descriptions about the annual Children s Gathering is true?A. Tickets are a must in order to attend it.B. Only those who have received an invitation are admitted in the Gathering.C. You have to make a reply to the invitation to make sure you get a seat.D. You d better apply in advance because there are not enough seats for everyone.解析細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第四條信息可知，要想?yún)⒓釉摶顒?，需要在兒童室取請?zhí)⒒貜鸵灶A訂座位，因此C項正確。答案C3Which of the following is NOT true according to the announcement?A. The children who are interested in the mysteries of killer dinosaurs can attend the Ellen DeGeneres Show on Friday.B. Children can t attend all the activities with their parents.C. Children can choose more than one of the activities.D. Children can borrow some relevant books for the activities.解析細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第五條信息的最后一句可知A選項中的the Ellen DeGeneres Show并非在假期所舉辦的活動。答案A4If there is an emergency, you should_.A. call the Help DeskB. contact hld wnbl. corgC. stay in the library and waitD. ring 926 3637解析細節(jié)理解題。由注意事項中的第一句話可知答案。答案A5The announcement is mainly intended for_.A. staff members of the libraryB. parents of the school childrenC. the school childrenD. volunteers of the activities解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)通知內(nèi)容可知，活動是為學生舉辦的，這則通知主要是讓他們了解活動的時間、地點及相關內(nèi)容。答案C*結束 (第 篇) Ms Tan, you ve referred to your new novel as your eighth book.Thats because it took me six or seven attempts at a second novel before I started and completed this one.Why do you think you had so many false starts?I would say that my reasons were wrong: I was trying to prove that I wasnt just a mother-daughter storyteller, or I was trying to prove that I didn t just have to write about things that were strictly Chinese or Chinese-American. Those were never the right reasons for writing those early stories. And I could never come up with other, better reasons for continuing them.What kept you going on this book?This book was different because it was based on my mother s real life. The reason for writing it became more personal and emotional. After The Joy Luck Club came out, my mother was always explaining to people that she wasn t any of the mothers in that book. And at one point she said to me, “Next book tells my true story.” And then she started telling me things I never knew before. She also told me many, many stories，because my mother doesn t generalize. The book really grew out of that.Have you ever visited China?Yes. I ve been there twice: about three years ago and then again last November, both times with my mother and my husband.Was it difficult to capture the Chinese-American dialect without sounding like a parody(拙劣的模仿)?No, because it s the language I ve heard all my life from my mother. She speaks English as it s direct translation from Chinese. But its more than that: Her language also has more imagery than English.Can you think of an example?Somebody might say to me, “Dont work so hard. Youll kill yourself.” My mother will say to me，“Why do you press all your brains out on this page for someone else？” So it s very vivid. That s the way she talks.Have many readers told you that the Chinese mother in your book reminded them of the typical Jewish (有癖好的) mother?Many people have told me that. I think the mother-daughter relationship is very intense in both cases. Culturally there is an acceptance that mothers have the power to tell their children, especially their daughters, how to conduct their lives not simply up until the time they are 18, but for the rest of their lives. However, when children grow up in a different culture from their parents， they tend to keep more secrets from their parents. The children think, “They just wouldn t understand that I had to do this.” And that can really create a gap, and it can grow as the number of secrets grows.語篇解讀這是一篇人物訪談紀實。通讀這篇訪談錄，我們可以了解華裔美國作家Ms Tan創(chuàng)作第二部作品的經(jīng)歷。1Based on the questions in this interview, what do you think Ms Tan s profession is?A. A journalist. B. A storywriter.C. An interviewer. D. An interviewee.解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中的“your new novel，a second novel”等關鍵詞及訪談內(nèi)容可知，Ms Tan是一名小說家。C、D兩項有一定的干擾性，注意題干中問的是“profession(職業(yè))”。答案B2What s TRUE about Tan s second book?A. It s about her real life in America.B. The name of the book is The Joy Luck Club.C. It is the result of many times of careful thought.D. It includes many works of her mother.解析細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)文中的“it took me six or seven attempts at a second novel before I started and completed this one”可知，Tan在完成這部書的寫作之前曾經(jīng)歷過六、七次嘗試，說明這本書是她經(jīng)過多次深思熟慮的產(chǎn)物。答案C3Which question is NOT answered in the interview?A. How does she think of her mother s language?B. How many books does she plan to write?C. When did she visit China?D. How is generation gap created?解析細節(jié)理解題。“她計劃寫幾本書？”這個問題在文中找不到答案，其他三項文中均有涉及。答案B4We can infer that_.A. Tan s mother is a good storytellerB. Tan plans to write another book about her motherC. Tan plans to return to ChinaD. Tan s mother is hard to communicate with because of personality解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中的“She also told me many，many stories，because my mother doesnt generalize”和“So its very vivid. Thats the way she talks”可知，Tan的母親是一位善于講故事的人。答案A5The last paragraph mainly talks about_.A. how to keep secrets from parentsB. how to deal with the mother-daughter relationshipC. how to conduct the livesD. how the generation gap comes about解析段落主旨題。此段大意是：傳統(tǒng)地認為母親有教育孩子們一生如何生活的權力，而孩子們隨著年齡的增長，他們不愿將自己的秘密告訴父母，從而產(chǎn)生了代溝。因此本段主要闡述的是代溝是如何產(chǎn)生的。答案D*結束