Module 1《Small Talk》Grammar學(xué)案2（外研版選修6）

111高二年級第一學(xué)期英語學(xué)科教學(xué)案Book 6 Module1 Grammar過去分詞專項練習(xí)Step1 自主學(xué)習(xí)過去分詞兩個顯著的特點即：從時間上講，表示動作已經(jīng)完成；從語態(tài)上講，表示被動的概念，但是如果是不及物動詞用作過去分詞形式，則只表示動作的完成，而沒有被動意義。如 fallen leaves 落葉 retired workers 退休工人 。過去分詞主要起形容詞或副詞的作用,表示"被動、完成”的意義,在句中作狀語、定語、補足語、表語等。選擇分詞時,關(guān)鍵看分詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系,若是其邏輯主語主動發(fā)出的動作,選用現(xiàn)在分詞;若是被動動作,則選用過去分詞。 過去分詞用法總結(jié)如下：一、  表語: 1The cup is broken. 2The door remains locked.3She looked disappointed. 二、  定語：要求學(xué)生必須掌握過去分詞做定語的位置 ，告訴他們單個過去分詞及由過去分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞作定語時，通常置于被修飾詞之前，但修飾代詞時，需置于被修飾詞之后，而過去分詞短語作定語也要后置，即要放在被修飾詞之后。1. We needed much more qualified workers. ( 單個過去分詞作定語)2. The girl dressed in white is my daughter. ( 過去分詞短語作定語)3. Is there anything unsolved? There is nothing changed here since I left this town.(如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等時，即使是單個的過去分詞作定語，也要放在被修飾詞的后面)4. This is a state-owned factory. This is a newly built building. Advertising is a highly developed industry. (單個過去分詞與名詞或副詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞時，放在其修飾的名詞前作前置定語)三、  賓語補足語：可以帶過去分詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：1） see, hear, find ,feel, think等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back from abroad.He once heard the song sung in German.Every thought the match lost. 2) make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意義的動詞： Hes going to have his hair cut. She had her foot injured in the fall. When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. ( 請讓我們了解最新的發(fā)展情況。)四、  狀語：The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.Once seen, it can never be forgotten. =Once it is seen,Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful = When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Given more time, we could do it much better. = If we were given more time, we could do it much better.語法演練一、 考查過去分詞作狀語 過去分詞作狀語可表示原因、時間、條件、伴隨等。有時過去分詞前也可加上連詞when, while, if, unless, though等。過去分詞作狀語,其邏輯主語是句子中的主語,表示被動或完成意義。例如: 1. _ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 2. _ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A when taking B when taken C when to take D when to be taken二、 考查過去分詞作定語 過去分詞作定語,其邏輯主語是所修飾的名詞或代詞,表示一個被動或完成的動作,相當于一個被動的定語從句。3. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 4. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 三、 考查過去分詞作補足語 過去分詞作賓語補足語時,邏輯主語是其前面的賓語,表示一個被動或完成的動作。例如: 5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 四、 考查過去分詞作表語 過去分詞作表語,其主語通常是人,表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或表示主語對某事的感覺,意思是"(某人).的"而現(xiàn)在分詞作表語時,其主語通常是物,表示主語的特征,意思是“令人.的”。常用作表語的過去分詞有: interested, moved, discouraged, amused, astonished, surprised, frightened, excited, moved, inspired, tired, worried, hurt, crowded, gone, broken, dressed, wounded, pleased,等等。例如: 6. As we joined the big crowd, I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 另外,有些以過去分詞形式出現(xiàn)的詞,其詞性和意思都已發(fā)生了變化,須引起同學(xué)們的注意。例如: 7. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given “Given”在此處是介詞,意思是“在.的情況下;考慮到”。 答案:1-5 CDBCD 6-7 AA 你對第1面的過去分詞高考考點透析一文理解得如何?為了使你加深印象,檢測一下你的復(fù)習(xí)效果,請做下面選自高考試題的單項填空練習(xí)。為了Step2 鞏固訓(xùn)練 你開動腦筋,不盲目猜題,本練習(xí)題中也包括其它非謂語動詞形式的習(xí)題。 1. Because of my poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself_. A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood 2. The workers want us_ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 3. What's the language_in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 4. _some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed by 5. Most of the people_ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 6. He was disappointed to find his suggestions_. A. been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down 7. Do you know the boy_ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 8. -Good morning. Can I help you? -I'd like to have this package_, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 9. There was a terrible noise_ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 10. _more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 11. The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 12. It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned 13. Generally speaking,_ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take 14. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _the girl and took her away,_ into the woods. A. seizing;disappeared B.seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D.seized; disappearing 15. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 16. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain_ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 17. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted 18. The_ boy was last seen_ near the East Lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 19. The patient was warned_ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 20. While building a tunnel through the mountain, _. A. an underground lake was discovered B. there was an underground lake discovered C. a lake was discovered underground D. the workers discovered an underground lake 111