《動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)》PPT課件

六、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài),1.（2009山東，34）I was out of town at the time,so I dont know exactly how it . A.was happeningB.happened C.happensD.has happened 解析 “事情的發(fā)生”是和“was out of town”同時(shí) 發(fā)生的，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。,B,2.（2009寧夏，26）His sister left home in 1998, and since. A.had not been heard of B.has not been heard of C.had not heard of D.has not heard of 解析 句意為：他的妹妹自從1998年離開(kāi)家后一 直杳無(wú)音訊。根據(jù)句意，指從1998年后到現(xiàn)在一 直沒(méi)有音訊，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，排除A和C項(xiàng)； 又因他的妹妹和hear of之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除 D項(xiàng)。,B,3. （2009江蘇，21）The population of Jiangsu to more than twice what it was in 1949.The figure is now approaching 74 million. A.has grownB.have grown C.grew D.are growing 解析 本句中談?wù)摰娜丝诘脑鲩L(zhǎng)是從1949年一直 到現(xiàn)在的人口的增長(zhǎng)，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。 又因?yàn)閜opulation作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單 數(shù)，所以此題選A。,A,4.（2009江蘇，22） Ann is in hospital. Oh,really?I know.I go and visit her. A.didnt;am going toB.dont;would C.dont;willD.didnt;will 答案 D 解析 在聽(tīng)完第一個(gè)說(shuō)話者的話之后“我不知道 Ann在住院”這個(gè)情況就已經(jīng)成為過(guò)去，所以要用 一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此可以排除B、C兩項(xiàng)；我去看她 這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來(lái)，是臨時(shí)決定要去做某事， 沒(méi)有計(jì)劃和安排性，所以用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，不用be going to結(jié)構(gòu)，由此可以排除A項(xiàng)。故此題應(yīng)該選 D。,5.（2009江蘇，25） Hi,Torry,can I use your computer for a while this afternoon? Sorry. . A.Its repaired B.It has been repaired C.Its being repaired D.It had been repaired 解析 由sorry可知，第二個(gè)說(shuō)話者拒絕了第一 個(gè)說(shuō)話者借電腦的要求，只有選C項(xiàng)，第二個(gè)人 的理由才充分。答句句意為：對(duì)不起，我的電腦 正在被修理。,C,6. （2009天津，2）My parents in Hong Kong.They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. A.liveB.lived C.were livingD.will live 解析 由第二句中的“.have never lived anywhere else.”可知，空格處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 表示狀態(tài)。,A,7.（2009上海，29）Mary went to the box office at lunch time,but all the tickets out. A.would sellB.had sold C.have soldD.was selling 解析 瑪麗去售票處是一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，而票全 部售完發(fā)生在瑪麗去售票處之前，因此是“過(guò)去的 過(guò)去”，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。,B,8.（2009上海，36）During the period of recent terrorist activities,people not to touch any unattended bag. A.had always been warned B.were always being warned C.are always warning D.always warned 解析 由句意可知，people與warn之間是被動(dòng)關(guān) 系，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；A項(xiàng)是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示 “過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，而語(yǔ)境中沒(méi)有這種時(shí)間提示，故 選B項(xiàng)，即“人們一直被警告不要去觸動(dòng)任何無(wú)人 看管的包裹”。,B,9.（2009江西，29） What is the price of petrol these days? Oh,it sharply since last month. A.is raisedB.has risen C.has arisenD.is increased 解析 由since last month可知應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成 時(shí),首先排除A、D。再根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)該選B。 rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“上升”，符合題意。 arise意為“站立，出現(xiàn)”，不符合語(yǔ)境。,B,10. （2009江西，31）Do you want a lift home? Its very kind of you,but I have to work late in the office.I overslept this morning because my alarm clock . A.doesnt go offB.wont go off C.wasnt going offD.didnt go off 解析 由上文的I overslept this morning可知 此處談?wù)摰氖前l(fā)生在過(guò)去的一件事，所以用一 般過(guò)去時(shí)。,D,11.（2009四川，15） Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it . A.has repairedB.is repaired C.is being repairedD.will be repaired 解析 根據(jù)上下文來(lái)看，不選那條路的原因是通 向那條路的橋梁正在被修，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,C,12.（2009四川，18）You speak very good French! Thanks.I French in Sichuan University for four years. A.studiedB.study C.was studyingD.had studied 解析 句意為:你法語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很好！謝謝。 我在四川大學(xué)學(xué)了四年法語(yǔ)。此處表示過(guò)去某 一段時(shí)間所進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，純粹是過(guò)去的事實(shí)， 與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。,A,13. （2009遼寧，24）Excuse me, Marcia,a reporter from Vanity Fair all day. Could you speak to her now? A.phonesB.has phoned C.has been phoningD.phoned 解析 句意為：對(duì)不起，瑪西婭，一位來(lái)自 Vanity Fair的記者一整天都在打電話，你現(xiàn) 在能和她通話嗎？表示過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作一直持 續(xù)進(jìn)行到現(xiàn)在用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。題干中all day表示一段時(shí)間。,C,14.（2009遼寧，31）My parents have promised to come to see me before I for Africa. A.have leftB.leave C.leftD.will leave 解析 句意為：我父母答應(yīng)在我動(dòng)身去非洲前來(lái) 看我。主句中have promised to come to see me 表示“答應(yīng)將要來(lái)看我”，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞 應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)。,B,15.（2009福建，31） According to the literary review, Shakespeare his characters live through their language in his plays. A.will makeB.had made C.was makingD.makes 解析 因?yàn)槭恰案鶕?jù)文學(xué)評(píng)論”做出的事情，故 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表示動(dòng)作的時(shí)間性。,D,動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)是不受時(shí)間限制的客觀存在，指經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。具體表示： （1）表示現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，且常與表頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 John sometimes sits up very late.約翰有時(shí)很晚才睡。 （2）表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍現(xiàn)象。 I usually go to bed at nine.我通常9點(diǎn)鐘睡覺(jué)。,2. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的幾種用法比較 （1）be going to表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事，這種打算往往經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮，甚至已經(jīng)做了某種準(zhǔn)備或表示非常可能發(fā)生。 （2）shall/will do表示未事先考慮過(guò)，即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)想到的。 （3）be to do sth.表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或表示吩咐、命令、禁止等。 （4）be about to do sth.表示“即刻，就要”，后面不能接表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。,（5）用于條件、時(shí)間等狀語(yǔ)從句中，例如由if,unless,before,as soon as, when,once引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 （6）少數(shù)用于表示動(dòng)作起止的動(dòng)詞。如：go,come,leave,start,arrive,begin等有時(shí)也用一般時(shí)態(tài)代替將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（表示車、船、飛機(jī)等按時(shí)刻表要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）。 The plane for Beijing takes off at 930. 去北京的飛機(jī)930起飛。 （7）少數(shù)用于表示動(dòng)作起止的動(dòng)詞，如:go,come,begin,leave,arrive,return,take等有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。,3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示此時(shí)此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，具有暫時(shí)性、持續(xù)性、未完成性的特點(diǎn)。具體表示： （1）表示說(shuō)話時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作。 （2）表示現(xiàn)在階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果，以及表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。注意以下幾點(diǎn)：,（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除可以和for,since引起的狀語(yǔ)連用外，還可以和下面的介詞短語(yǔ)連用：during/in/over the last(past)few years(months,weeks),in recent years。 （2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可以用于下列句子結(jié)構(gòu)： It is/has been+一段時(shí)間+since從句 That/This/It is the only. That/This/It is the best/finest/most interesting.,（3）非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞marry,close,die,arrive,post,come,fall,leave,go,break,lose,give,join,jump,receive,buy,borrow,become,start,begin,graduate如果用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for.，since.連用。 5. 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 是與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系的時(shí)態(tài)，只強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事實(shí)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。,6. 過(guò)去完成時(shí) （1）第一種類型是：過(guò)去完成時(shí)+before/by the time/when.+一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 第二種類型是：Hardly/No sooner/Scarcely had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+when/than/when+一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 第三種類型是：I had thought/expected/meant/wanted.表示過(guò)去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或計(jì)劃。 第四種類型是：動(dòng)作發(fā)生順序是過(guò)去的過(guò)去。 （2）表示過(guò)去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或計(jì)劃，用I had hoped/expected/supposed/meant/thought/wanted/to do sth.句型，表示我本希望/想/可能/打算/認(rèn)為/ 想做某事。,7. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（相對(duì)于過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生在將來(lái)的動(dòng)作） 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)是相對(duì)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)，用法與其相同，但要注意時(shí)態(tài)變化。 注意 was/were going to do sth.表過(guò)去將來(lái)，或表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或想法。 8. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作截止到現(xiàn)在已完成，著重結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，也可表示在說(shuō)話時(shí)刻之前剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。,I have written three letters. 我已寫(xiě)完三封信。（已寫(xiě)完） I have been writing three letters. 我一直在寫(xiě)三封信。（可能還在寫(xiě)） 注意 （1）有些動(dòng)詞，如ork,study,live,teach 等用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)意思差不多。 （2）下列動(dòng)詞不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 短暫動(dòng)作類：finish,marry,get up,come,go等。 感官類： see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,look, seem,appe ar等。,感覺(jué)類：hate,love,fear,like,want,wish, prefer, refuse,forgive等。 存在類：be,exist,remain,stay,obtain等。 占有、從屬類：have,possess,own,contain, belong,consist of 等。 認(rèn)知類：understand,know,believe,think, doubt, forget,remember等。,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 1. 英語(yǔ)中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)常用于下列幾種場(chǎng)合： 不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；不必提到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；強(qiáng)調(diào)或側(cè)重動(dòng)作的承受者;動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者很模糊；有些動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣上常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Its suggested that we put the meeting off. 有人建議我們延期舉行會(huì)議。 2. “It+be+過(guò)去分詞+從句”結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) It is known that.眾所周知 It is suggested that.有人建議,It is believed that.有人相信 It is hoped that.大家希望 It is thought that.大家認(rèn)為 3. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的過(guò)去分詞是動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作；系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，表示狀態(tài)。 These things are sold quickly.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） 這些東西賣(mài)得很快。 These things are all sold out.（系表結(jié)構(gòu)） 這些東西已經(jīng)賣(mài)完了。,常使用系表結(jié)構(gòu)的詞有：be seated坐著，be hidden躲藏，be lost迷路，be drunk喝醉，be dressed穿著，be devoted to致力于；獻(xiàn)身，be determined決定，be compared比較。 4. 不使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況 （1）當(dāng)feel,look,smell,taste,sound等系動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞時(shí)。 （2）當(dāng)break out,take place,go off,run out,give out,give in,work out,come out,come into being,run out,give in,happen,take place,break out等動(dòng)詞表示“發(fā)生；制定”等意思時(shí)。,The plan worked out successfully. 這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃很成功。 （3）want,require,need,worth,deserve后面的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 These flowers want/require/need watering. 這些花需要澆水。 （4）有時(shí)盡管不定式與其邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但不定式仍用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。不定式作狀語(yǔ)，如果句子中存在light,heavy,difficult,easy,comfortable等詞時(shí)就應(yīng)該用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。 （5）當(dāng)cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash,cook, lock,shut,dry,drink,wash等表示某種性質(zhì)且動(dòng)詞帶狀語(yǔ)修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)。,無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago,you would have known what we about. A.TalkedB.have talked C.were talkingD.would talk,由于高考考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)往往不給出具體的 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，因此在解答動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)題時(shí)，考生要善 于從上下文或者具體的語(yǔ)境中確定動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí) 間，從而確定使用什么時(shí)態(tài)。,【解題探究】 C。句意為：如果你十分鐘以前進(jìn)入聊天室的話，你就會(huì)知道我們當(dāng)時(shí)正在談?wù)撌裁磧?nèi)容。表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故正確答案為C。 易混時(shí)態(tài)的常錯(cuò)點(diǎn) The old man who in the deserted house alone for ten years has been settled in a nursing home now. A.LivedB.has lived C.has been livingD.had lived,對(duì)一些容易混淆的時(shí)態(tài)的考查也是高考考查動(dòng) 詞時(shí)態(tài)的一大熱點(diǎn)。解答該類題目時(shí)，考生首先要 掌握各種時(shí)態(tài)的具體用法，其次在做題時(shí)一定要根 據(jù)所給出的語(yǔ)境判斷動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間：是過(guò)去的過(guò) 去，是過(guò)去，是現(xiàn)在，還是將來(lái)，然后根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的 用法來(lái)確定正確答案。,【解題探究】 A。由“has been settled in a nursing home now”可知，現(xiàn)在那位老人已經(jīng)不住在那座房子里了，也就是說(shuō)那位老人在那座房子里住了十年的動(dòng)作并沒(méi)有持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系，故不能用完成時(shí)。這里只表示過(guò)去曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)某事，應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故正確答案為A。 難辨句式易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 1. How could I apply for a course online? Just fill in this form and we what we can do for you.,A.SeeB.are seeing C.have seenD.will see,題干為小對(duì)話時(shí)，一定要讀懂語(yǔ)境，要善于從語(yǔ)境中確定動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。有時(shí)看是否是固定句型也會(huì)很有用，因?yàn)樵谝恍┕潭ň湫椭袝r(shí)態(tài)也是相對(duì)固定的，如在“祈使句+and+陳述句”這個(gè)句型中陳述句往往用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。,【解題探究】 D。答語(yǔ)意為：先把這個(gè)表格填好，我們將看看能為你做些什么。故要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 2. Suddenly everyone stopped talking.It became clear that something unexpected . But,for a while,I didnt know what it was. A.has happened B.is happening C.happened D.had happened,主從句中的時(shí)態(tài)一致也是高考考查時(shí)態(tài)的熱點(diǎn) 之一。在敘述過(guò)去的事情時(shí)，主句和從句都要用與 過(guò)去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)候賓語(yǔ)從 句或其他的從句可以根據(jù)需要用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。,【解題探究】 D。由語(yǔ)境可知這里是在敘述過(guò)去發(fā) 生的事情。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是在“everyone stopped talking”這一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，即表示“過(guò) 去的過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作”，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。,難辨時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) （2009湖南，27）Would you please keep silent?The weather report and I want to listen. A.is broadcast B.is being broadcast C.has been broadcast D.had been broadcast,在考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，高考試題往往把 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)放在一起考查。要解答好這種類型的題 目，首先要判斷用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還是用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，判斷 用哪種語(yǔ)態(tài)主要是判斷主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系； 其次再判斷動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。,【解題探究】 B。句意為：請(qǐng)你保持安靜好嗎？正 在廣播天氣預(yù)報(bào)，我想聽(tīng)聽(tīng)。broadcast與主語(yǔ)the weather report構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且該動(dòng)作正 在進(jìn)行，所以要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。,2.Water at 100.In such hot weather,it wont take much time to boil water. A.boilsB.is boiled C.will boilD.is boiling,主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義也是高考考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí) 態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的熱點(diǎn)之一。當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ) 的性質(zhì)或特征時(shí)，往往用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)，因?yàn)榇藭r(shí) 的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不強(qiáng)調(diào)是一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。,【解題探究】 A?！八?00會(huì)沸騰”這是一種客觀 事實(shí)，也是水的一種性質(zhì)，故選A。又如：The knife cuts sharply.這把刀很鋒利。,1.（2009合肥市三次質(zhì)檢）Although many measures ,the worlds economy is still going down. A.were takenB.have been taken C.will be takenD.are taken 解析 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的 動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；take 與measures之間構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ) 態(tài)。,B,2.（2009安徽皖南八校三次聯(lián)考）This Monday morning I was informed I as one of the three exchange students from our college. A.had been choosingB.was chosen C.had been chosenD.was choosing 解析 choose的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò) 去完成時(shí)。此處又表示被動(dòng)，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,C,3.（2009安徽名校聯(lián)考（二）The pianist planned to give a concert on March 8 but the date because of his illness. A.was postponing B.was postponed C.had been postponed D.was being postponed 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。日期被推遲，所以用被 動(dòng)；這里表示的是對(duì)過(guò)去動(dòng)作的一般性陳述，應(yīng)用 一般過(guò)去時(shí)。,B,4.（2009杭州二次質(zhì)檢）Years ago we didnt know this,but recent science that women who drink more than two cups of coffee every day are more likely to have heart disease than those who dont. A.showedB.has shown C.will showD.is showing 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。這里用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示已經(jīng)得 出了該結(jié)論。,B,5.（2009杭州二次質(zhì)檢） If I hadnt been caught in the heavy rain,I could have been back by 7 oclock. What a pity!Stella here to see you.A.isB.was C.would beD.has been 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。第一句是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛 擬語(yǔ)氣，因此第二句應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。,B,6.（2009溫州二次質(zhì)檢） Youd better keep quiet in class. Sometimes I .Yesterday,I was as quiet as a mouse during my English class. A.wouldB.do C.didD.was 解析 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境來(lái)看應(yīng)該是描 述了主語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣性的行為，所以要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,B,7.（2009金麗衢十二校二次聯(lián)考）When you finish your work,dont forget to put the tools back where they . A.areB.will be C.wereD.had been 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。這里指的是拿之前的位置，故 要用過(guò)去式。,C,8.（2009金麗衢十二校二次聯(lián)考） Hurry up!Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh!I thought they without me. A.wentB.are going C.have goneD.had gone 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)意為：我原以為她們不等我 就走了呢。“想”和“走”兩個(gè)動(dòng)作有時(shí)間上的先后 關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。,D,9.（2009濟(jì)南市二次統(tǒng)考）Hey,Lee.I you never took interest in computer games. What a surprise! A.dont thinkB.didnt think C.thinkD.thought 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：太令人驚訝了，我原 以為你絕不會(huì)對(duì)電腦游戲感興趣的。說(shuō)話人現(xiàn)在 發(fā)現(xiàn)Lee對(duì)電腦游戲感興趣，以前沒(méi)想到。,D,10.（2009濟(jì)南市二次統(tǒng)考） Excuse me,I wonder if you can help.I my ID card. But where did you lose it? A.have lostB.lost C.had lostD.lose 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)均 可表示事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生，但一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作本 身，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作的結(jié)果和影響。第 一個(gè)人說(shuō)自己的ID card丟了想尋求幫助，所以 應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。,A,11.（2009濰坊市二次質(zhì)檢） And the horses up to the finish line.Theyre neck and neck.neck and neck all the way.Oh,the Italian horse Mamma Mia the race! A.come;is winning B.have come;wins C.are coming;won D.are coming;wins 答案 D 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。第一空是進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)意 為“馬即將到達(dá)終點(diǎn)”；第二空是表示客觀事實(shí)。,12.（2009濰坊市二次質(zhì)檢）The BBC news is usually not difficult to ,but its often too hard to . A.pick up;be understood B.pick up;understand C.be picked;understand D.be picked;be understood 答案 B 解析 在表語(yǔ)形容詞difficult,hard后用不定 式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。,13.（2009濰坊市一次質(zhì)檢）If a computer crashes,you will lose the file you on if you dont save it early enough. A.are workingB.work C.will workD.worked 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn) 在進(jìn)行時(shí)。,A,14.（2009青島二次質(zhì)檢） I understand its not your fault,but the airline they would deliver my baggage yesterday. A.promisesB.has promised C.promisedD.had promised 解析 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。從后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) yesterday可知，描述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng) 用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。,C,15. （2009青島市一次質(zhì)檢）Because of the Russian gas limit to Europe,attempts to use botanical fuel as a source of power. A.have madeB.having made C.are being madeD.will be making 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：由于俄羅斯限制向歐 洲出口天然氣，他們正在努力用植物燃料來(lái)作為 一種新的能源。此處的make和attempts之間是動(dòng) 賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,C,16.（2008青島市一次質(zhì)檢） Mom,you should have taken me to the park this morning. I had planned to,but I couldnt afford the time.I a lecture. A.had givenB.gave C.was givingD.would give 解析 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn) 行的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選項(xiàng)C正確。,C,17.（2008煙臺(tái)二次模擬） Where can we get your new science fiction? Im sorry,it and will come out next week. A.has been printedB.will be printed C.is printedD.is being printed 解析 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的will come out next week可知，應(yīng)該選擇D項(xiàng)，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行 時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示（小說(shuō)）正在（被）印刷中。,D,18.（2008山東命題專家原創(chuàng)卷（一）You should have come to the party last Saturday evening.It was really wonderful. But a friend an unexpected visit to me. A.paidB.had paid C.would payD.has paid 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。由對(duì)話可知，答話人沒(méi)有去參加 宴會(huì)是因?yàn)椤耙粋€(gè)朋友事先沒(méi)有通知我就來(lái)看我 了”，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的一個(gè)事實(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)， 答案為A。,A,19. （2008山東命題專家原創(chuàng)卷（二） Hi, Susan,where were you at lunch time?I a seat for you in the coffee shop. Oh,sorry to miss you.My political science class ran longer than usual. A.am savingB.was saving C.had savedD.have saved 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷，吃飯是過(guò)去發(fā) 生的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)在吃飯的過(guò)程中“一直為對(duì)方留 著位子”，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。,B,20.（2008山東命題專家原創(chuàng)卷（四） Do you know our city of Xian at all? No,not at all.You see,this is the first time I here. A.cameB.am coming C.wasD.have been 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。It/This is the first/last time(that)sb.have/has done sth.為固定句型。,D,.單項(xiàng)填空 1. （2009山東命題專家原創(chuàng)卷（五）She speaks German well because she stayed in Germany. Really?How long there? A.does she stayB.is she staying C.has she stayedD.did she stay 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合上一句中stayed可知說(shuō)話人 問(wèn)的是過(guò)去一段時(shí)間所處的狀態(tài)，因此用一般過(guò) 去時(shí)。選D。,D,2.（2009山東命題專家原創(chuàng)卷（七）For some time now,Chinese people,under the leadership of CPC, the contents of the Scientific Development Theory in the course of practicing socialism in China. A.had been improving B.have been improving C.were improvingD.improved 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，中國(guó) 人民在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，在實(shí)踐中國(guó)社會(huì)主 義的進(jìn)程中，一直在豐富和發(fā)展“科學(xué)發(fā)展觀”的 思想。由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“For some time now”可 知，這里要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還有 可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。,B,3.（2009山東命題專家原創(chuàng)卷（七）No one is sure who the dictionary . A.belonging toB.belongs to C.is belonged toD.is belonging to 解析 考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。從句缺謂語(yǔ)，belong to不可用 于進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選B。句意為：沒(méi)有人能 確定那本詞典是誰(shuí)的。,B,4.（2009山東命題專家原創(chuàng)卷（八）It quite correct that happiness comes from thinking about things in a positive way. A.has turned outB.has been turned out C.in turning outD.is turned out 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。turn out“結(jié)果是”在這 里作連系動(dòng)詞用，不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也不能用被動(dòng) 語(yǔ)態(tài)。故A項(xiàng)正確。,A,5.（2009山東命題專家原創(chuàng)卷（九）Ever since the financial crisis ,many workers from their jobs. A.broke out;are laid off B.broke out;have been laid off C.has broken out;were laid off D.broke out;had been laid off 答案 B 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。ever since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句， 從句用過(guò)去時(shí)。主句表示從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情 況，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。,6.（2009山東命題專家原創(chuàng)卷（十） When did you move to Beijing? Last year.But I in a school in Japan for 8 years. A.has taughtB.has been taught C.have been teachingD.taught 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)在具體語(yǔ)境中的運(yùn)用。從答語(yǔ)來(lái) 看，說(shuō)話者去年搬到了北京，表明他在日本教書(shū)的 動(dòng)作在過(guò)去已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，但并沒(méi)有對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影 響，只能用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。,D,7.（2009東北名校聯(lián)考（一）I havent seen Mary these past few days.Im afraid she herself for some time. A.isnt feelingB.hasnt been feeling C.hadnt been feeling D.wasnt feeling 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)的用法。從題干中的for some time可知，選項(xiàng)部分的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為完成時(shí)；從后面 的一句話可推知Mary到現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)還是不佳，故用 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直持續(xù)的動(dòng) 作。feel oneself意為“覺(jué)得身體正常”。,B,8.（2009天津市六校聯(lián)考） The news upsets many people that the CPI climbed to 6.9 percent in November. Yes.It is the fourth time that the CPI above 6 percent. A.was B.had been C.isD.has been 解析 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句型：It be(the first, second.)+time+that+從句。當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)的時(shí)候，that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)， 表示到目前做某事已有幾次了。主句為一般過(guò)去 時(shí)的時(shí)候，that從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。,D,9.（2009徐州市一模）Is Tom still not back? No.By next year he from home for three years. A.will leaveB.will have been away C.leavesD.has been away 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中含有“by+表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間” 結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，句子用將來(lái)完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)。因?yàn)?句中有“for three years”的限定，用將來(lái)完成 時(shí)，故選B。,B,10.（2009大連市二模） Which hotel are you in? I in a hotel.A friend I met on the train from the south to put me up for a couple of nights. A.havent stayed;has offered B.am not staying;offered C.am not staying;is offering D.didnt stay;offers 答案 B 解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷，第一個(gè)空對(duì)照前 面的問(wèn)句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，說(shuō)明當(dāng)前的情況； 而第二個(gè)空中，從I met判斷，應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去 時(shí)，運(yùn)用了時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則。,11.(2009東北三校聯(lián)合模擬) She succeeded.She was pleased that her hundreds of hours of studying . A.has set offB.had paid off C.has paid offD.had called off 解析 此題考查時(shí)態(tài)及詞義辨析。set off 出 發(fā)；pay off得到回報(bào)；call off取消。句意為： 她成功了，很高興自己長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的學(xué)習(xí)收到了成效。,B,12.(2009廣州六校聯(lián)考) I missed Jackies party last night because my Audi broke down. Pity!You could have borrowed mine.I it. A.didnt useB.hadnt used C.wasnt usingD.wont use 解析 由前句中的last night可知此處表過(guò)去的 情況，并根據(jù)意思可知所填部分表示： 我當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi) 有用它，因此此處用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，選C。,C,13.(2009濟(jì)南高三統(tǒng)考) Where have you been all day? We some lovely children and couldnt get away from them until it was dark. A.meetB.have been met C.metD.have been meeting 解析 分析語(yǔ)境可知，說(shuō)話者現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)，他 們?cè)谔旌谥耙恢焙湍切┛蓯?ài)的孩子們?cè)谝黄穑?因此用過(guò)去時(shí)。故答案選C。,C,14.(2009武安七中月考) When she came out,Mary looked a bit tired because she the house. A.cleanedB.was cleaning C.had cleanedD.had been cleaning 解析 句意為：當(dāng)她出來(lái)時(shí)，瑪麗看上去很累， 因?yàn)樗恢痹诖驋叻孔印Ｓ纱丝芍钤~強(qiáng)調(diào)打 掃房子動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性，應(yīng)用完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，由前文 的came out可知應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。,D,15.（2009寧夏模擬） Can you give me the right answer? Sorry,I .Would you repeat that question? A.hadnt heardB.havent followed C.dont catchD.wasnt listening 解析 句意為：你能給我正確答案嗎？ 非常抱歉，我剛才沒(méi)有聽(tīng)講，請(qǐng)你重復(fù)一下問(wèn)題 好嗎？用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在做某事。,D,16.(2009黃岡、襄樊聯(lián)考) I wonder if John has forgotten my number,I him to call me for the past two hours. A.was expectingB.have expected C.have been expectingD.expected 解析 從前面的I wonder和后面的for the past two hours可知這里用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。,C,17.（2009江蘇四市模擬）You didnt lock the back door. You are wrong.I . A.have locked itB.lock it myself C.did lock itD.do lock it 解析 由前句中的“didnt”可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí) 態(tài)；強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，是在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面加 do,does或did，因此C項(xiàng)正確。,C,18.(2009重慶一中月考) The teacher told us that the earth around the sun. A.turnsB.turned C.would turnD.turning 解析 從句描述的是自然現(xiàn)象，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)，不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響。,A,19.（2009北京東城模擬） the baseball match might be put off. Yes,well,it all depends on the weather. A.I had been toldB.Ive told C.Im to be toldD.Ive been told 解析 前句句意為：我已經(jīng)被告知棒球賽可能 會(huì)推遲。根據(jù)對(duì)話語(yǔ)境需用完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,D,20.(2009重慶一中月考) The boy was caught cheating in the exam and by his headteacher at the moment. A.was questionedB.has questioned C.is being questionedD.has been questioning 解析 根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at the moment可知此處 表示現(xiàn)在正被班主任詢問(wèn)應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被 動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,C,21.(2008昆明模擬) How did you like his speech? Oh,it was very good.What he said like poetry. A.soundedB.sound C.was soundedD.is sounded 解析 句意為：你覺(jué)得他的講話怎么樣？ 哦，很棒，他講的話聽(tīng)起來(lái)像詩(shī)歌。did,was, said用了過(guò)去時(shí)，決定了sound要用過(guò)去時(shí)，又因 sound在此為表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞，用主動(dòng)形 式表被動(dòng)含義，故選A。,A,22.(2008云南統(tǒng)一檢測(cè))Who do you think for the accident? A.to blameB.to be blamed C.is to be blamedD.is to blame 解析 be to blame表示“應(yīng)該被責(zé)備”，為主動(dòng)形 式表被動(dòng)意義。句中do you think是插入語(yǔ)。,D,23.（2008大連模擬）Astronomers more bad news for the former planet Pluto recently. A.had announced B.have announced C.were announced D.are announced 解析 recently/lately最近，近來(lái)，通常跟現(xiàn)在 完成時(shí)態(tài)連用。,B,24.(2008皖南八校模擬) Your forehead hot. I guess you a fever. A.feels;have gotB.is feeling;have C.is felt;are having D.has felt;have got 答案 A 解析 句意為：你的額頭摸上去很燙。我想你是 發(fā)燒了。feel是系動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)，也不用被 動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除B、C。根據(jù)句意，你的額頭現(xiàn)在摸 上去很燙，故排除D，選A。,25.(2008湖南十二校聯(lián)考) What did you do last Sunday,Peter? Well,I to see a friend of mine,but in the end I stayed at home doing nothing. A.was goingB.has gone C.wentD.had gone 解析 句意為：上周日你干什么了，彼 得？我本想去看一個(gè)朋友的，但最后我呆在 家里什么都沒(méi)干。根據(jù)句意，過(guò)去本計(jì)劃要做某 事，所以用was going to結(jié)構(gòu)。,A,.閱讀表達(dá) （2009