《虛擬語氣》PPT課件.ppt

09年高考語法復習系列 1、 if引導的非真實條件句； 虛擬語氣的考點 2、幾種特殊結構中虛擬語氣的用法； 3、虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的應用； 4、虛擬語氣在簡單句中的應用。 If + 主 + did(were), 主 +would/should/ could/might +動詞原形 If I were you, I would try it again. 1. 如果我是你，我會再試一次。 2.如果我有一百萬美元，我會買下這架飛機。 If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane. 與現(xiàn)在事實相反的非真實條件句 If +主 +had done sth, 主 +would/should/ could/might +動詞完成式（ have done） If he had worked hard, he would have passed the exam. 如果他努力學的話，他就通過這次考試。 與過去事實相反的非真實條件句 與將來事實相反的非真實條件句 If he came/ were to come/ should come here tomorrow, I would tell him. 如果他明天來的話 ,我會告訴他 . If + 主 + did(were to do/should do), 主 +would/should/could/might +動詞原形 虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的應用 if從句動詞 主句動詞 與過去事實 相反 與現(xiàn)在事實 相反 與將來事實 相反 had done did/were 1. did would/should/could /might have done would/should/could/ might do 2. were to do 3. should do 1. If you _tomorrow, you _ find the new manager working in the office. A. should come; would B. would come; would C. will come; should D. comes; might .- If he _, he _that food. -Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not have taken B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken . If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from going . A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented 1) If you _ (be) in my place, you would do the same thing. 2) If I had learned English well, I _ (be) able to talk with native speakers. 3) If you _ (visit) our school tomorrow, you would see how beautiful it is. 4、用括號里的動詞的正確形式填空 were would have been visited/should visit/were to visit 在非真實條件句中，如果 含有助動詞 were, had, should, 可將 if 省略，并將 were, had, should放在主語前，構成倒裝句 式。 Were I you, I would try it again. 2. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. 1. If I were you, I would try it again. 3. If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out. EXERCISE 在非真實條件句中，有時 條件句的動作和主句動作發(fā)生 的時間是 不一致 的，這時， 動 詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時 間來調整 ，這叫 混合虛擬條件 句 或 錯綜時間條件句 If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 如果你當時聽了我的話，現(xiàn)在就能完成這份 工作了。 （從句說明過去，主句說明現(xiàn)在。） 1. If he _ that operation two years ago, he _ in better health now. A. had, is B. had had, would be C. had, were D. had had, would have been 2. If I _ you, I _ to her birthday party last night. A. am, will go B. was, would go C. were, would go D. were, would have gone 有時假設的情況 并不是以條件句 的形式 表示，而是通過一些 介詞 短 語或 上下文 等方式表現(xiàn)出來，這種 句子叫 含蓄虛擬條件句 ，其作用與 非真實條件句一樣，并且可以轉換 為非真實條件句 or, otherwise, with, without, but for, under等詞經常出現(xiàn)在含蓄虛擬條件 句中 But for the storm I would have arrived much earlier. (=If it had not been for the storm, I would have arrived) Without the storm I would have arrived much earlier. (= If I had not been too busy， I would have attended the meeting.) She came here yesterday, otherwise /or I would not have met her. (=If she had not come , I would not have met her. ) I would have attended the meeting, but I have been too busy. 用括號里的動詞的正確形式填空 1. I _ (come) to your party, but I didnt have time. 2. Without electricity, human life _ (be) different today. would have come would be 虛擬語氣特殊句型 1. wish 的賓語從句 would/could/might +V. 現(xiàn)在 : 過去時（ were） 過去 : 過去完成時 將來 : Exercises: 1. “ Have you visited the Science Museum?” “ No, but I really wish I _.” A. had B. did C. have D. will 2. I didnt go to the party, but I do wish I _ there. A. was B. were C. had been D. went 3. Tom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _me how. A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach 2. would rather that 現(xiàn)在： 過去： 將來： 過去時 過去完成時 過去時 1. I would rather you _ (pay) me now. 2. I would rather you _ (not tell) her the news. 3. I would rather you _ (come) tomorrow. paid hadnt told came 3. Its (about/high) time +that - 過去時 should +V. 我們該去睡覺了。 Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed. =Its time for us to go to bed. 現(xiàn)在： 過去： 將來 : did /were had done would+動詞原形 4. as if /though + Clause as if /though引導的從句表達的內容 很可 能發(fā)生 或是 事實 時，要用 陳述 語氣；若 表達的內容 與事實不符合 ，或發(fā)生的 可 能性不大 時，要用 虛擬 語氣 1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 2. The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _ a young man. A. is B. will be C. am D. were 3. The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain. A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. would 5. If only 1. If only I _ (know) his name now! 2. If only we _ (follow) your advice last time! 3. If only I _ (see) him again next year! knew had followed could see 現(xiàn)在 : 過去時（ were） 過去 : 過去完成時 將來 : would/could/might +V. (1) 要是就好了 = I wish (2) = as long as 常用陳述語氣 . We can surely overcome these difficulties if only we are closely united. 如果我們緊密團結就一定能戰(zhàn)勝 一切困難 . 6. If it were not for If it had not been for If it were not for the leadership of the Party, we could not live a happy life. If it had not been for the heavy rain, we could have climbed the mountain yesterday. 要不是因為 虛擬語氣在名詞 性從句中的應用 表示要求、命令、建議的從句中 ,謂語 通常用“ （ should） +V原形 ” 常見動詞 : 一個 堅持 , 兩個 命令 , 三個 建 議 , 四個 要求 1). insist 2). order, command 3). advise, suggest, propose 4). demand, require, request, desire 1） insist作“堅決（主張），堅決（要求）”解 時，表示一個 主張 或一種 看法 ，后接的賓語從 句采用 虛擬語氣 ；作“堅持（說）”，表示一 個 事實 ，后接的從句采用 陳述語氣 。 Mike insisted that he _ never _ (steal) anything. Mike insisted that he _ (leave) for London now. 注意： had stolen should leave 2） suggest作“ 表明，暗示 ”用 陳述語氣 ；作“ 建 議 ”時才用 虛擬語氣 。 His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill. He suggested that we _ (finish) it before dark. was (should) finish It is suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) + that 從句 謂語動詞用 ( should )+ 動詞原 形 這些動詞構成的主語從句也要使用 虛擬 語氣， 常應用于以下句型中： 這些動詞的 名詞形式 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire后面的 表語從句 和 同位語從句 也要用 虛擬語氣 ，謂語動詞用 (should) + 動詞原形 My idea is that we (should) do exercises first. 6.在主語從句中，如果表示驚奇、不相信、 惋惜、理應如此等，那么謂語動詞要用 “ (should)+V原形 ” 。 常用于： It is necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that 從句 It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) +that從句 1. It is important that we (master) a foreign language. 2. It is a pity that you (be) so careless. 3. Its necessary that we (study) hard. ( should ) master should be should study 1. I _ (help) you with your work if I _ (be) free now, but Im too busy. 2. If we _ (leave) twenty minutes earlier yesterday, we _ (catch) the first train. 3. If she _ (come) here tomorrow, she _ (tell) me that. We know she will fly to Beijing tomorrow. 4. If I _ (see) him tomorrow, I will give it to him. 用括號里的動詞的正確形式填空 would help were had left would have caught came/were to come/should come might tell see 5. I wish I _ (see) you now. 6. I wish I _ (have) a room of my own when I was a boy. 7. I suggested that he _ (go) there at once. 8. He insisted he _ (send) to the city. 9. His expression suggested that he _ (pass) the test. 10. She insisted that she _ (not take) it. had had (should) go (should) be sent had passed hadnt taken saw 11. The idea that we _ (go) to Beijing by air came true. 12. It is necessary that they _ (finish) their work next Monday. 13. It is important that they _ (do) it in another way. 14. It is time that I _ (go) to bed. 15. If only I _ (take) his advice before. (should) go should finish should do went had taken 16. If only I _ (be) a bird. 17. If it _ (be) not for the rain, the crops should (would) die. 18. He looks as if he _ (be) an artist. 19. She speaks English so fluently as if she _ (study) English in England. 20. Id rather she _ ( not visit) him yesterday were were were had studied hadnt visited 2. would rather that 現(xiàn)在： 過去： 將來： 過去時 過去完成時 過去時 1. I would rather you _ (pay) me now. 2. I would rather you _ (not tell) her the news. 3. I would rather you _ (come) tomorrow. paid hadnt told came 1.The students_ busily when Miss brown went to get a book she had left in the office. A.wrote B.had written C.were writing D.write A 2.-Have you moved into the new house? -not yet,the rooms _. A.painted B. was painting C.are being painted D.has painted 3.I first met Lisa 3 years ago.she _ at a radio shop at that time/then. A.worked B.workes C.was working D.has worked 4.-are you still busy? -yes,I _my work,and it wont take long. A.just finish B.am just finishing C.have just finished D.am just going to finish