江蘇省南通中學(xué)牛津譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選修六導(dǎo)學(xué)案(無(wú)答案)：Unit2WhatishappinesstoyouPeriodⅡLearnin

Period Learning notes for Word power & Grammar and usage【 Learning goals】1. Learning a new word: accompany2.Learning new sentence patterns: 獨(dú)立主格 構(gòu)；It is + 部分 +that+剩余部分 .3.Learning grammar: Overview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed(II)【 Language focus】 accompanyvt.陪伴，陪同；伴隨； 伴奏【教材原句】She was accompanied by an experienced ski instructor and she learnt very quickly. (P25)【例句研 】翻 句子（ 1） Great weather accompanied my great buy._（ 2） Jane was willing to accompany you to the park to go out for a walk._（ 3） If she sang, he would accompany her on the piano._【自主 】翻 下列短 (1)accompany sb. to sp._accompany sb. at/on_be accompanied by_(2)company n U_keep sb. company_句型 -1.【教材原句】I have received letters from so many people ， all expressing their concern (P22)【 法分析】 句中 all expressing their concern 是一個(gè)由 “ 主 在分 ”構(gòu)成的短 ， 叫作獨(dú)立主格 構(gòu)，作 句的非限制性定 ，相當(dāng)于定 從句all of whom expressed their concern ， 充 明先行 people。Everyone being ready ， the teacher began his class.每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn) 好后，老 開始上 。(相當(dāng)于一個(gè) 狀 從句When everyone was ready)The boy leading the way ，we had no trouble finding the strange cave. 由于那個(gè)男孩 路， 我 毫不 力地找到了那個(gè)奇怪的洞。 (相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀 從句 Because the boy led the way)獨(dú)立主格 構(gòu)的構(gòu)成： 主 不定式/ 在分 / 去分 /形容 /副 /介 短 。獨(dú)立主格 構(gòu)的作用：多作狀 ，可表示 、原因、條件、伴隨情況等，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀 從句第 1頁(yè)或并列句；也可作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不同，它獨(dú)立存在。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般由逗號(hào)與主句分開。A house to be built( As a house will be built) ， we must save every cent.由于要建一座房子，我們必須節(jié)省每一分錢。Time permitting( If time permits) ，we will go for an outing tomorrow.如果時(shí)間允許的話，我們明天去郊游?！炯磿r(shí)鞏固】用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)完成句子（ 1）由于眼鏡摔壞了，她看不見黑板上的字。_( Because her glasses were broken)， she couldnt see the words on theblackboard.（ 2）地面泥濘，我們應(yīng)該小心。_( As the ground is muddy) ， we should be careful.（ 3）下課后，我們都出去玩。_( After the class was over) ， we all went out to play.（ 4）她面帶微笑地問可以為我們做什么。She asked what she could do for us， _ 句型 -2.【教材原句】It was with great sadness that they learnt of the mans death.(P22)【語(yǔ)法分析】 It was.that. 為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)了狀語(yǔ) with great sadness。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般句式為 It is/was 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分 that其他成分。 that 只起連接作用，不作成分，但不能省略，可以強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，也可以強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)從句，狀語(yǔ)從句等。It was in the library that I saw her yesterday. 我昨天是在圖書館見到她的。It was when I returned that she left the meeting room. 就在我回來的時(shí)候她離開了會(huì)議室。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式Was/Is it被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that其他？特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞was/is that其他？強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、運(yùn)用到了not only.but also. ； either.or.； neither.nor.； as well as.； rather than.，not.but.等詞組時(shí)，注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用。Was it what you said that moved him? 是你說的話感動(dòng)了他嗎？What is it that you want me to say? 你到底想要我說什么？It is I rather than you that am going to see the foreigner. 是我而不是你，打算去見那個(gè)外國(guó)人?！咎崾尽繌?qiáng)調(diào)句型有時(shí)易與主語(yǔ)從句(帶 it 作形式主語(yǔ)的情況)混淆，判斷的方法是：如果將句子中的 “it is/was 和 “”that去”掉，句子依然通順，則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，否則就不是。It was at 9 oclock that the train arrived. 火車是在9 點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句 )第 2頁(yè)It was 9 oclock whenthe train arrived. 火車到達(dá)時(shí)，時(shí)間為9 點(diǎn)?！炯磿r(shí)鞏固】翻譯句子（ 1）直到午夜他才回家。 (強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) )_（ 2）湯姆是在公園里丟的那只手表。(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) )_（ 3）打破窗戶的是誰(shuí)？ (強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)句 )_Grammar and usage:Overview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed(II)一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)1目的狀語(yǔ)He went home to see his parents.他回家看望他的父母親。He came in quietly so as not to wake his wife. 他輕輕進(jìn)來，以免把他的妻子吵醒。In order to arrive before dark ， we started early.為了在天黑前到達(dá)，我們很早就動(dòng)身了?！咎崾尽?1) 表目的時(shí)，不定式可放在句首也可放在句末。但在句首時(shí)，不定式常與句子用逗號(hào)隔開；而在句末時(shí)一般不用逗號(hào)隔開。(2) 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的狀語(yǔ)，常使用in order to do 和 so as to do 結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)to do ， in order to do的位置既可在句首，又可在句末，而so as to do 只能在句末。2結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)They went too slowly to catch the early bus. 他們走得太慢了，結(jié)果沒能趕上早班車。The scenery is so beautiful as to attract many people here every year.這里景色非常美，每年都要吸引很多人來。I hurried to the railway station yesterday ， (only)to find that the train had left.昨天我急急忙忙趕到火車站，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。【提示】(1) 表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，不定式的位置一般在句末。(2) 常用句型 too.to do ；.enough to do；so.as to do；such.as to do；(only)to do( 常表示未曾料到的結(jié)果 )3原因狀語(yǔ)I am glad to hear the news. 聽到這個(gè)消息我很高興?！咎崾尽坎欢ㄊ奖硎驹驎r(shí)，一般放在句末，常位于表示情緒或情感反應(yīng)的形容詞之后，說明主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生某種心情、情感的原因。二、分詞作狀語(yǔ)1時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Hearing the good news ，he jumped with great joy. 聽到那個(gè)好消息，他高興得跳了起來。Dont speak until asked to. 當(dāng)被要求發(fā)言時(shí)，你才能講話。第 3頁(yè)【提示】用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的分詞(短語(yǔ) )可以用 when， while ，until 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句替換，有時(shí)可和 when， while ， until 等連用。2原因狀語(yǔ)Not having finished her work in time， she was fired by the boss. 由于沒有及時(shí)完成工作，她被老板解雇了。Written in a hurry ， this article was not so good. 因?yàn)閷懙么颐?，這篇文章不是很好。【提示】用作原因狀語(yǔ)的分詞(短語(yǔ) )可以用 as， since， because等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句替換。3伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ)The girls came in ，following their parents. 那些女孩子跟在她們的父母后面進(jìn)來了。The teacher entered the classroom， followed by a group of his students.老師走進(jìn)教室，后面跟著一群他的學(xué)生?！咎崾尽糠衷~ (短語(yǔ) )作伴隨或方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，沒有相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句，一般可轉(zhuǎn)換為并列分句。4結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)The poor old man died ，leaving nothing to his children. 那個(gè)貧困的老人死了，什么也沒給他的孩子們留下。【提示】(1) 過去分詞不能作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。(2) 作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞 (短語(yǔ) )可轉(zhuǎn)為 so that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句或者改為并列分句。(3) 現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示一種順其自然的意料之中的結(jié)果；而動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示一種出乎意料的結(jié)果。5讓步狀語(yǔ)Working very hard ， he didnt feel a bit tired. 盡管拼命地工作，他卻絲毫不感到疲勞。Warned of the storm ，the farmers were still working in the fields.盡管農(nóng)民們已被告知將有暴風(fēng)雨，他們?nèi)匀辉诘乩锔苫??！咎崾尽坑米髯尣綘钫Z(yǔ)的分詞(短語(yǔ) )可以用 although， though，even if/though 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句替換，有時(shí)可以和這些連詞直接連用。6條件狀語(yǔ)Using your head ， youll have a good idea. 動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋，你就會(huì)想出好辦法來。Given more time ， we could do it much better. 多給我們點(diǎn)時(shí)間，我們會(huì)做得更好?！咎崾尽坑米鳁l件狀語(yǔ)的分詞(短語(yǔ) )可以用 if ，unless 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句替換，有時(shí)可以和這些連詞直接連用。【圖解注記】【 Feedback】1._ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn t want to eat there again.第 4頁(yè)A.Having eatenB. To eatC. EatD. Eating2. Pressed from his parents, and _ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.A.realizingB. realizedC. to realizeD. being realized3. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _ a life span of around 20 years.A.havingB. hadC. haveD. to have4. We re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future ofour company.A.to be madeB. being madeC. madeD. having been made5. They might just have a place _ on the writing course why don t you give it a try?A.leaveB. leftC. leavingD. to leave6. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams.A.remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. remind7. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked.A.laidB. layingC. to layD. being laid8. I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.A.lockingB. to lockC. having lockedD. to have locked9. Seeing the road _ with snow and cyclists falling down here and there, we decided to walk to theoffice.A.to blockB. blockingC. blockedD. to be blocked10. Christine, are we leaving right away orBut Joveinsist? on us _ in her house for the night.A.stayingB. to stayC. stayedD. stay11.Young people can accomplish what they want through such simple acts as keeping themselves _and approaching everything with total commitment.A.focusingB. focusedC. having focusedD. to focus12._ the apartment, the firefighters shut off the gas, opened the windows and rescued the old couple.A.To break intoB. To be broken intoC. Having broken intoD. Broken into13. He caught a youth _ a car and also won a Post Office award for fighting off two man trying _ his van.A.to break into; breaking inB. to break into; to break in第 5頁(yè)B.breaking into; breaking intoD. breaking into to break into14. In many developed countries, the elderly have already outnumbered children. Yes, and China is reported _ through a similar process of population aging, and at faster pace.A.to goB. to be goingC. goingD. to have gone15. As workers and as citizens, we need to be able to think beyond our own self-interest and _what isright under the circumstances( 環(huán)境 ).A.doingB. to doC. have doneD. done16. The performance had been intended to please the audience and draw their attention, only _ with a cold silence, however.A.to greetB. greetingC. to be greetedD. being greeting17. The decision _ Internet addiction (網(wǎng)癮 ) as a mental disorder has caused much debate among people.A.being definedB. to defineC. definedD. to be defined18.All of us have read thrilling stories in which the heroes have only a limited time to live. Such stories setus _, _ what we should do under similar circumstances.A.thinking; wonderingB. to think; wonderingC. thinking to wonderD. to think; towonder19.Carbon dioxide is said _ the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.A.to be heatedB. to be heatingC. to have heatedD. to have been heated20. Have you finished your task now? Not yet. So much time has been wasted _ its details ( 細(xì)節(jié) ) aimlessly this morning.A.being assessedB. to assessC. assessedD. assessing21. Under the environment of fierce competition, the only way John could imagine _ stress was to gettougher by making greater efforts.A. handlingB. to handleC. handledD. having handled22. The big fire in Shanghai, believed to _ due to the burning of construction materials, caused 58 deaths and destroyed all the belongings of the people there.A. have been occurringB. occurC. have occurredD. be occurring23. With a _ candle in his hand, he slipped into the room.A. lightB. lightedC. lightingD. lit第 6頁(yè)24. Although a snowstorm is in store, people are still looking forward _ the plan to go sightseeing in Lhasa.A. to canceling( 取消 )B. not to cancelingC. not to cancelD. to not canceling25. Mary rushed home _she heard the news, only_ that her hubby passed away.A. as soon as; findingB. directly; to findC. moment; to findD. when; found26. He was puzzled by this phenomenon. He began to try every approach _the best way of working it out.A. known to findB. known to finding C. knowing to findD. knowing to be found27. The folks were delighted at the messages of their relatives _ that mine explosion.A. survivedB. having survivedC. to surviveD. surviving28. It is nice to see millions who had nothing but a record of misery and hungry _ to improve their life an living conditions.A. having the chancesB. have the chance C. to have the chanceD. had the chance29.“ _to Michelle and having two beautiful girls in my house, never allows meto look down uponwomen,” said Obama.A. MarryingB. Having marriedC. MarriedD. Being married30.After _ out by a producer to shoot Tokyo Juliet, Chun Wu joined the idol group Fahrenheit（飛輪海） .A. soughtB. seekingC. having been soughtD. being sought31. _scores of times, but Derek still couldn understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation.A. Having explainedB. Having been explainedC. Though it was explainedD.Itwasexplained32. The manager will give the job to _ having capability and responsibility for it.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. no matter whoD. anyone33. _ along with host families, I believe, language travel students are likely to get enough language practice.A. StayB. Having stayedC. StayingD. To stay34. _ from Milan Trenc s novel, the film Night At The Museum brings to life a world where dinosaurswander the earth.第 7頁(yè)A. AdaptedB. AdaptingC. Having adaptedD. To be adapted35. The international agreement, _ encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February 27.A. intending toB. being intended toC. intended toD. to intend to第 8頁(yè)