英語(yǔ) 第10周 文章結(jié)構(gòu)題 新人教版

文章結(jié)構(gòu)題文章結(jié)構(gòu)題第十周第十周 fall over 倒下 entrance n.入口，門口 embarrassed adj.難堪的，尷尬的 medical equipment 醫(yī)療器械 concrete n.水泥 sausage n.香腸 raise funds 籌集資金 bend down 彎腰 set up a stand 設(shè)立一個(gè)攤位 come up with 想出 attend to 照料 cheer her up 使她振作起來(lái) in shock 處于極度震驚狀態(tài)星期二 offer vt.提供 application n.應(yīng)用軟件；申請(qǐng) book a study room 預(yù)定書房 mark vt.作標(biāo)記 via prep.經(jīng)過(guò)，通過(guò)（=through）valid adj.有效的考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化 store vt.存放 obtain vt.獲得 permit v.允許 exit v.離開，退出 forbid vt.禁止 be divided into 被分成 consist of 由組成 elementary adj.初級(jí)的 dull adj.無(wú)趣的 rare adj.罕見的，稀有的 misfortune n.不幸 caring adj.關(guān)心人的 interruption n.打擾 run into 偶遇星期三考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化 pass away 去世 cant help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事 conduct a workshop 開一個(gè)研討會(huì)或舉辦講座 self-seed vi.自然播種 juicy adj.多水分的 insect n.昆蟲 attack n.&vt.傷害，攻擊 share sth.with sb.同某人分享某物 at no cost 不花錢；不付出任何代價(jià) heartily adj.盡情地 case n.病例 food poisoning 食物中毒 talk sb.into doing sth.說(shuō)服某人做某事 pop-up camper 把扛式露營(yíng) trailer n.拖車星期四 考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化 built-in adj.內(nèi)置的 matching adj.相配的 in style 別具風(fēng)格的 stressed adj.緊張的，有壓力的 handle v.應(yīng)付，處理 productive adj.多產(chǎn)的，有成效的 relief n.釋放，緩解 rather than 而不是星期五考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化 condition n.條件 lowerdown 把放低/放下 in tears 含著眼淚地 fortune n.財(cái)富 manage to do 設(shè)法（成功）完成 head for 動(dòng)身出發(fā)去（某地）after-school activities 課外活動(dòng) play sports 進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng) classroom buildings 教學(xué)樓星期六考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化 fundamental adj.十分重要的 approach vt.接近 manage vt.運(yùn)用 commitmen n.投入 concern v.與有關(guān) throw pillow 小靠墊 full of life 充滿活力 to be sure 誠(chéng)然 a step up 上了一個(gè)臺(tái)階，提級(jí)考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化考綱詞匯復(fù)記強(qiáng)化星期日 carriage n.(火車)車廂 inspector n.查票員 passenger n.乘客 upset adj.心煩的 eventually adv.最后 previously adv.以前 a variety of 許多，各種各樣的broaden ones horizons 擴(kuò)大某人的視野星期星期一一閱讀理解 本文為議論文，作者極力主張高等教育費(fèi)用應(yīng)該由個(gè)人承擔(dān)。1.B 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前句“There are pressing calls one of them.”可以推出。2.D 推理判斷題。從第二段的“Full government funding(資助)is not very good for universitiesthe academics were lazy and incompetent”可知。把lazy轉(zhuǎn)換成spend less time可以得出正確選項(xiàng)。3.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，B項(xiàng)沒(méi)有任何依據(jù)，也不符合實(shí)際情況。4.C 文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。從全文來(lái)看，本議論文采用的是“總分總”的寫法?！倦y句理解】1.原句：Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth,but so do all the businesses that invest(投資)and create jobs.結(jié)構(gòu)分析：由but連接的并列句；前一個(gè)句子是含有do的強(qiáng)調(diào)句，后一個(gè)句子為“so+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”的倒裝句，指后者與前者的情況一樣，此外that還引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾businesses。漢語(yǔ)大意：很顯然，很多畢業(yè)生的確對(duì)國(guó)家的財(cái)富有貢獻(xiàn)，但是所有投資和創(chuàng)造就業(yè)的企業(yè)也如此。1.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段“We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.星期二星期二閱讀理解本文：一般人容易把節(jié)食與減肥劃等號(hào)。其實(shí)，節(jié)食的背后也隱藏著危險(xiǎn)。本文從心理和生理方面說(shuō)明了節(jié)食的危害。2.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段可看出，人們非常重視他們的體重，不加任何思考地去購(gòu)買節(jié)食產(chǎn)品，只看是否有節(jié)食標(biāo)簽。這說(shuō)明他們急于去嘗試那些產(chǎn)品。3.A 意義猜測(cè)題。從第三段“Every time we have a zerocalorie drink,we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we dont have to work to get results.”可看出，每次我們喝下標(biāo)明不含熱量的飲料，就給我們一個(gè)暗示，我們不會(huì)增加體重，減肥是很容易的事(we dont have to work to get results.)。另外，本段的最后半句“and that life can be without resistance and struggle.”也說(shuō)明了畫線部分的意義。4.B 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第一段點(diǎn)明節(jié)食產(chǎn)品在誤導(dǎo)人們；第二、三段從兩個(gè)方面（on one level,on another level）說(shuō)明節(jié)食產(chǎn)品對(duì)人們心理上的影響；第四段說(shuō)明節(jié)食產(chǎn)品對(duì)身體的危害；第五段說(shuō)明人們應(yīng)該慎重對(duì)待節(jié)食產(chǎn)品，故從文章結(jié)構(gòu)上看應(yīng)該是B項(xiàng)正確?！倦y句理解】原句：We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.結(jié)構(gòu)分析：該句是由sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中包含一個(gè)what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。漢語(yǔ)大意：我們太容易被這些減肥產(chǎn)品的許諾和可能性所吸引了，以至于我們不去思考這些減肥產(chǎn)品對(duì)我們的身體都造成了哪些影響。文章講述了作者和朋友在一家快餐廳吃飯時(shí)不小心將手中的食物潑灑在了旁邊一位客人身上，但是這位客人既沒(méi)有要求他道歉也沒(méi)有向他的父親打電話，而是給作者錢叫作者為自己再買一份食物。作者從這個(gè)事情中了解到世界上還是有善良的人。星期三星期三完形填空1.D 根據(jù)首句中的“a fast food restaurant”和下文“hamburgers and Coca Colar”可知是“點(diǎn)餐”了。2.A 根據(jù)上一句“點(diǎn)餐”可知，此處自然是指“我們”所點(diǎn)的食物（food）來(lái)了。3.B 根據(jù)句意可知錢包上的帶子被卡在了椅子上，故選B項(xiàng)，get caught意為“捉住、卡住、困住”。4.D 下一句說(shuō)in the air，說(shuō)明此時(shí)盤子已經(jīng)脫手了，from my hand表示托盤從“我”手中飛了出去，故選D項(xiàng)。5.B 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知托盤從“我”的手中滑落，盤子里的東西灑在了一位客人身上，故用fell。6.A 固定搭配。take此處表示“吃”的意思，take a bite of意為“吃一口”，故選A項(xiàng)。7.C 根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，作者將食物潑灑在客人身上后應(yīng)該感到很“震驚”。8.D 根據(jù)常識(shí)可知作者很害怕地“閉上”了眼睛，用closed。9.C 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可以推斷作者閉眼的同時(shí)準(zhǔn)備接受那位客人的“怒火”。10.B 根據(jù)句子“Instead,he said Its OK.”可知此時(shí)那位客人不但沒(méi)生氣，反而“安慰”作者，故選B項(xiàng)。11.C 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知作者此時(shí)此刻仍然很害怕，不知道接下來(lái)做什么，故用unsure。12.C 根據(jù)上文shaky，可知作者和朋友們盡力鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)。13.B 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知那位男士從洗手間出來(lái)朝“我們”走過(guò)來(lái)。14.A 根據(jù)句意可知當(dāng)那位男士朝“我們”走來(lái)時(shí)“我”的心幾乎都停止跳動(dòng)了，形容心跳用beat。15.C 由call him可知作者以為那位男士會(huì)要求要自己父親的電話并給他打電話。16.B 根據(jù)上文“To my surprise,he merely smiled at us,handed us some cash”可知那位男士給“我”一些錢叫“我”買一份漢堡。17.D 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知那位男士沒(méi)有吃完食物就離開了。18.D 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知那位男士本可以使“我”感覺到更糟糕，但是他卻沒(méi)有。19.A 根據(jù)整個(gè)故事可知他是一位和藹大度的人物，故選A項(xiàng)。20.A 根據(jù)常識(shí)可知作者將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記那位男士的善意的舉止，故選A項(xiàng)。本文內(nèi)容：本文講述了在另一城市工作的父母來(lái)看望“我們”并一起度過(guò)了愉快的時(shí)光。星期星期三三短文改錯(cuò)1.whichwho先行詞是my parents,用who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。2.timetimestime表“次數(shù)”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞。My parents which worked in another city usually came to meet us a few time every month.whotimes3.wonderfullywonderful形容詞修飾名詞feeling。It was a wonderfully feeling knowing that my parents were arriving.wonderfulI couldnt wait to seeing them.4.seeingseecouldnt wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事。see5.刪除the星期前不用冠詞。Usually my parents got home very late on the Friday nights or early Saturday mornings.6.wethey指my parents。Whenever we arrived,theyMy parents quickly fell asleep like kids after the long tired journey.7.tiredtiringtiring“令人疲倦的”，修飾journey。tiringMy mother woke me up about 7 oclock the next morning.8.在about前加at指“在大約7點(diǎn)”。在“幾點(diǎn)”前用介詞at。atThen we both went to the kitchen and make tea for the family.9.makemademade與went作并列謂語(yǔ)。made10.butand上下句之間是并列關(guān)系，沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)折之意。Then we sat together butshared our experiences of the week.and星期四星期四閱讀填空本文內(nèi)容：說(shuō)明了反思的重要性。反思得與失，反思幸福，反思智慧和感恩之心。1.F 根據(jù)上文“I always reflect on what happened in my life.I think this is importantto appreciate our wins,losses,new passions,insights,etc.”（我經(jīng)常反思，我認(rèn)為反思很重要。我們要去欣賞我們所贏得和失去的等。）以及行文邏輯可知，接下來(lái)應(yīng)再進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明重要性，之后才是如何做。所以答案是F項(xiàng)“Not reflecting on our lives and experiences is a wasted chance for growth.”（不對(duì)我們的生活和經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行反思，那么就浪費(fèi)了一次成長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)）。2.C 根據(jù)上文的“failure（失?。﹖ells us”和下文“Try another method.”（試試另一種方法）可知答案為C項(xiàng)“This method and the intended result do not match.”（所用的方法與預(yù)期的結(jié)果是不相配的）。此外，如果只看failure就會(huì)錯(cuò)選A項(xiàng)。3.D 根據(jù)第3點(diǎn)“Happiness is not the destination but the journey.”（快樂(lè)不是我們的目的，而過(guò)程才是。），可知答案是D項(xiàng)“Happiness is when we accept and enjoy everything as it is.”（快樂(lè)是我們接受或享受事物自身過(guò)程的時(shí)候所獲得的）。此外，如果只看happiness就會(huì)錯(cuò)選E項(xiàng)。4.G 根據(jù)第4點(diǎn)“Wisdom comes from the balance between your knowledge and your heart.”（智慧來(lái)自于你的知識(shí)和內(nèi)心二者之間的平衡。）可知答案是G項(xiàng)“But if your mind doesnt go with your heart,you are losing energy in internal conflicts.”（如果你的想法和內(nèi)心不一致，你就會(huì)在內(nèi)部的沖突中失去很多的精力）。5.B 根據(jù)第5點(diǎn)“Gratitude is the energy-drink of the soul.”（心懷感激是凈化靈魂的強(qiáng)心劑。）和下文“It will help you appreciate life with more depth and perspective.”（它能夠有助于你更深的去欣賞生活。）可知答案是B項(xiàng)“Be thankful to at least one thing in your day.”（每天都要感謝至少一種東西）。星期四星期四語(yǔ)法填空本文內(nèi)容：是一則寓言，聰明的烏鴉成功地騙取了老鷹的果核。1.to break 由try to do sth.(試圖做某事)可知，用不定式。2.him 指代the eagle。3.hopefully 副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞eyed(眼巴巴地看)。4.like 介詞，表示“像”，like that像那樣。5.were 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況。6.that 與前面的its構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。7.flew 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。8.fall 由let sb.do sth.(讓某人做某事)可知。9.When 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。10.broken 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾piece。星期五星期五完形填空 本文講述的是作者因一次意外事故，頭部留下了大片的疤痕，由于害怕被人嘲笑譏諷，她總是用頭巾把頭部遮蓋起來(lái)。后來(lái)作者遇到一位與自己有相似經(jīng)歷的女孩，在她的鼓勵(lì)下作者摘下了圍巾，開始勇敢面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。1.C 由第二段中“with scars on her head”可知作者頭上能看到的應(yīng)該是“疤痕”，scar 原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。2.A 根據(jù)句意下文“即使已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了被人這樣侮辱，但聽到時(shí)仍舊會(huì)感到傷心難過(guò)。”可推知A項(xiàng)正確。3.D 根據(jù)下文“a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head”可知作者受的是燙傷，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。4.A 根據(jù)上句作者受了嚴(yán)重燙傷，可推斷出應(yīng)該被迅速送往醫(yī)院，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。5.C 根據(jù)句中“to save my life”可知挽救生命如同一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。6.B 根據(jù)上一句醫(yī)生在全力搶救生命可知，作者能夠活下來(lái)應(yīng)該是很幸運(yùn)的。7.C 第二段提到一碗熱油倒在了頭上，那么肯定會(huì)“留下”疤痕了，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。8.B 因?yàn)樵诤躅^上的疤痕，所以應(yīng)該“經(jīng)?！贝魃项^巾來(lái)遮掩，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。9.C 根據(jù)前一句可知，作者出門總是會(huì)戴上頭巾，如果不戴，人們就會(huì)叫horrible（極討厭）的名字，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。10.D 從第四段的“For the first time in my life I could speak to someone whod been through something 17(similar)”可以得知之前沒(méi)有人能夠感同身受地、真正地理解她。11.B 固定搭配introduce to 意思是“把介紹給”，句意：通過(guò)醫(yī)院，我被介紹參加了一個(gè)兒童燒傷營(yíng)。12.A 根據(jù)前句可知作者去了一個(gè)兒童燒傷營(yíng)，所以她在那里應(yīng)該是遇到了一個(gè)女孩。13.B 根據(jù)空格后“she never lets anyone put her down”（她從來(lái)不讓任何人將她擊敗）可知她是個(gè)意志“堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的”女孩，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。14.D 詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“what people say about”（人們說(shuō)什么），可知是不要“聽”（listen），listen 與say 詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。15.B 根據(jù)上下文中的句子“were not different from anyone else”和“you look great”可知，Stephanie是在“鼓勵(lì)”作者，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。16.C 根據(jù)“you dont need to wear a”可知Stephanie要表達(dá)的是不戴“頭巾”看上去也很棒，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。17.A 根據(jù)上下文可知作者是在兒童燒傷營(yíng)，這里都是有著類似經(jīng)歷的孩子。18.D 根據(jù)上下文可知作者受到了Stephanie的激勵(lì)，下決心勇敢地接受自己。19.A 根據(jù)前句“showed off my scars”和本句“not having to behind my scarf”可知應(yīng)該是不必再躲藏在圍巾的后面。20.D be proud of意思是“為感到驕傲、自豪”，根據(jù)上下文可知此處指的是“作者不再為自己的容貌感到自卑”，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。specially for women and students星期五星期五 短文改錯(cuò)本文內(nèi)容：作者因“雙11”熬夜在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物，導(dǎo)致第二天早上起晚了。他急忙騎車去學(xué)校，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)校門鎖了,后來(lái)才記起那天是不用上學(xué)的。1.speciallyespeciallyespecially尤其是，特別是。especially2.whichwhom先行詞指人，且在定語(yǔ)從句中作of的賓語(yǔ)，故用whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。most of which click their mouse wildly.whom for I had a unusual experience that day.3.aanunusual以元音音素開頭。an4.havehad 表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。because I have stayed up shopping from Taobao the night before.had grasped my schoolbag and left with having breakfast.5.withwithout根據(jù)意思是說(shuō)“沒(méi)有”吃早餐。without6.hopedhoping現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。hoped it would be soon to reach the school.hoping7.刪除wasIt turned out that結(jié)果是。I found that the door was locked.8.ourwewe與students是同位語(yǔ)。It was turned out that our students were off that day.we I neednt come to school.9.在neednt后加have表“本不必做的事卻做了”，用neednt have done sth.。haveI couldnt help bursting into laughters for my foolish behavior.10.laughterslaughter固定搭配：burst into laughter 突然大笑laughter星期六星期六 閱讀填空本文內(nèi)容本文講述寫日記的好處：幫助我們回顧過(guò)去，展望未來(lái)，拓寬視野和思想。1.F 根據(jù)下一句“Here are some benefits you will get by keeping a journal.”（這些好處是通過(guò)寫日記獲得的）可知前面講述的應(yīng)是寫日記的好處，這與選項(xiàng)F“And to be honest,I cant imagine what my life would be like without it.”（坦白說(shuō)，我很難想象沒(méi)有日記的生活會(huì)怎樣。）語(yǔ)意符合。2.A 根據(jù)上一句“Have you ever gotten an idea only to lose it later because you didnt write it down?”（你是否有過(guò)這樣的經(jīng)歷：有了一個(gè)想法卻沒(méi)有寫下來(lái)，后來(lái)忘記了?）和下一句“But then I developed the habit of writing down every idea that came into my mind as soon as possible.”（從此以后，我養(yǎng)成了寫日記的習(xí)慣。）可知答案是有承上啟下作用的A項(xiàng)“I often experienced that myself.”（我經(jīng)常經(jīng)歷這樣的事情）。3.G 根據(jù)上文“It helps you review all the lessons youve learned.”（寫日記可以溫習(xí)以前學(xué)過(guò)的課程。）可知溫故而知新，這自然可以幫助“我們”克服以前曾經(jīng)犯過(guò)的錯(cuò)誤，避免再犯。4.C 根據(jù)下一句“After keeping a journal for years,you can look back at it and see how far youve gone.”（堅(jiān)持寫多年日記以后，你可以通過(guò)回顧過(guò)去了解你到底走了多遠(yuǎn)。）可知寫日記可以讓“我們”回顧過(guò)去，展望未來(lái)，故選C項(xiàng)。5.E 根據(jù)本段第一句”It helps you expand your ideas.“（寫日記幫助你拓展思想）和第二句“you are thinking actively about it.”（你活躍地思考）可知寫日記可以幫助“我們”拓寬視野，從舊的思想拓展到新的思想。故選E項(xiàng)。星期六星期六 語(yǔ)法填空兩頭山羊互不相讓，最后落得兩敗俱傷的下場(chǎng)。1.other 指從橋的“另一邊”過(guò)橋。2.When 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。3.them 指這兩只山羊。4.to pass 不定式作定語(yǔ)。5.It 構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。6.cross 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。7.first 表示“第一只山羊”，用序數(shù)詞。8.fell 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。9.who 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。10.goats 指掉入水里的那兩只山羊，故用復(fù)數(shù)。星期日星期日 短文改錯(cuò)本文內(nèi)容：講敘“我”朋友Liu Mei打119通知消防員救火的事。I have a good friend who name is Liu Mei.1.whowhose朋友的名字，作定語(yǔ)。whoseShe is our monitor and one of the excellent student in our class.2.studentstudents優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生不止一個(gè)。one of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示“之一”。studentsbut she works very hard.3.刪除butas引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，不需用but。We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk about.4.onin havein common有共同之處in5.waswere 主語(yǔ)是her parents，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。she told me that something happened when her parents was out.were6.whilewhen was/were doingwhendidShe was doing her homework one Sunday morning while shesmelt something burning.whenShe stopped look out of the window 7.stopped后加to stop to do sth.停下正在做的事去做另一件事。toand found a cloud of smoke come out of herneighbors ecomingcoming作賓補(bǔ)，與a cloud of smoke是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。comingShe called 119 immediate.9.immediateimmediately副詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞called。immediatelythe firemen came and put out fire.10.put out 后加the特指。the星期日星期日 書面表達(dá) Looking back to the National English Speaking Competition I took part in several days ago,I have a lot to share with you.Firstly,I feel really delighted that Ive won first prize in the competition,which makes me understand the true meaning of the proverb“No pains,no gains”.Besides,Ive established the friendship with students from all over our country,from whom Ive learned a lot.More importantly,taking this competition has enabled me to overcome my fear of speaking in public,thus developing my self-confidence.Additionally,I owe a lot to my teachers and judges,without whose help,I couldnt have done such an excellent job.To sum up,I will always treasure this meaningful and memorable experience.