英語(yǔ)總語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法二 介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)

安徽語(yǔ)法二介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一 時(shí)間介詞時(shí)間介詞1in,on,atin用在年、月、季用在年、月、季節(jié)節(jié)、世、世紀(jì)紀(jì)和表示泛指的上午、下午、和表示泛指的上午、下午、晚上前晚上前in 2011;in January;in summer;in the twentieth century;in the morning/afternoon/eveningin“in時(shí)間時(shí)間段段”通常用在通常用在一般將來(lái)一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)中，表示中，表示“(將來(lái)將來(lái))(時(shí)間時(shí)間)以后以后”Ill move to Beijing in two days.兩天后我將去北京。兩天后我將去北京。用在某些表示用在某些表示時(shí)間時(shí)間的固定的固定短短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)中中in the future;in the end;in a minuteon表示具體某日或某日的上表示具體某日或某日的上午、下午、晚上午、下午、晚上on Monday;on March 12th;on Sunday afternoon;on a cold morningat表示具體表示具體時(shí)間時(shí)間點(diǎn)點(diǎn)at seven oclock(7：00)；at half past five(5：30)用在固定短用在固定短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)中中at noon;at night;at present;at the beginning(of);at the age of;at Christmas2.during,induring和和in都表示一段時(shí)間。都表示一段時(shí)間。但但during更加強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)性，可以表更加強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)性，可以表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)自始至終的狀態(tài)。示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)自始至終的狀態(tài)。3for,sincefor和和since表示的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都有延續(xù)之意，表示的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都有延續(xù)之意，“for時(shí)間段時(shí)間段”表示表示“延續(xù)多久延續(xù)多久”，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子可用過(guò)去時(shí)、完成，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子可用過(guò)去時(shí)、完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)；時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)；since后接表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的短語(yǔ)，意為后接表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的短語(yǔ)，意為“自從自從(過(guò)過(guò)去某時(shí)去某時(shí))以來(lái)以來(lái)”，說(shuō)明自過(guò)去某時(shí)延續(xù)至今的一段時(shí)間，常與，說(shuō)明自過(guò)去某時(shí)延續(xù)至今的一段時(shí)間，常與完成時(shí)連用。完成時(shí)連用。4in,afterin和和after后都可以接時(shí)間段，表示后都可以接時(shí)間段，表示“(時(shí)間時(shí)間)之后之后”，in用于將來(lái)時(shí)，用于將來(lái)時(shí)，after用于過(guò)去時(shí)。用于過(guò)去時(shí)。5.by,beforeby表示表示“截止截止；到；到為止為止”，包括其后的時(shí)間；，包括其后的時(shí)間；before則表示則表示“在某時(shí)之前在某時(shí)之前”，不包括其后的時(shí)間。，不包括其后的時(shí)間。You should get your homework by Friday.你應(yīng)該最遲于星期你應(yīng)該最遲于星期五把作業(yè)準(zhǔn)備好。五把作業(yè)準(zhǔn)備好。(包含星期五包含星期五)Can you come and meet me before Friday？你能在星期五之？你能在星期五之前來(lái)見(jiàn)我嗎？前來(lái)見(jiàn)我嗎？(不包含星期五不包含星期五)1(2018山東東營(yíng)廣饒模擬山東東營(yíng)廣饒模擬)Chinas first homebuilt aircraft carrier(航空母艦航空母艦)hit the water in Dalian the morning of April 26,2017.Ain BonCat Dto2(2018山東濟(jì)南商河二模山東濟(jì)南商河二模)We are going to give our English teacher a surprise Teachers Day.Aon BatCin Dby3(2018山東菏澤單縣模擬改編山東菏澤單縣模擬改編)It is believed that _December 21st,1891,the first basketball game in history was played.Ain BatCon Dof4(2018安徽蚌埠禹會(huì)二模改編安徽蚌埠禹會(huì)二模改編)Mr.Brown arrived at the airport 5 oclock on the evening of Saturday.Ain BonCat Dof5(2018安徽蚌埠懷遠(yuǎn)檢測(cè)安徽蚌埠懷遠(yuǎn)檢測(cè))What time do you expect me to finish the task?Say,two hours.Abefore BatCfor Din6(2018四川內(nèi)江中考四川內(nèi)江中考)The accident took place a cold November evening.Aon BinCat Dfor7(2018江蘇南京中考江蘇南京中考)Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon 20 July 1969.Ain Bon Cat Dfor考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二 方位介詞方位介詞1across,through,pastacross強(qiáng)調(diào)從表面橫過(guò)；強(qiáng)調(diào)從表面橫過(guò)；through強(qiáng)調(diào)從內(nèi)部穿過(guò)；強(qiáng)調(diào)從內(nèi)部穿過(guò)；past強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)。從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)。2in,on,over,abovein“在在里面里面”，通常指被包含在某物之內(nèi)；，通常指被包含在某物之內(nèi)；on“在在上上面面”，與表面有接觸，反義詞是，與表面有接觸，反義詞是beneath;over“在在之上之上”，指在物體的正上方或覆蓋在物體表面，反義詞是指在物體的正上方或覆蓋在物體表面，反義詞是under;above“在在之上；高于之上；高于”，指在上方，不一定是垂直，指在上方，不一定是垂直的正上方，其反義詞是的正上方，其反義詞是below。3between,among表示在兩者之間用表示在兩者之間用between；在三者或三者以上之間用；在三者或三者以上之間用among。4in/on/to方位名詞的用法方位名詞的用法in表示表示A地在地在B地范地范圍圍之內(nèi)之內(nèi)Taiwan is in the southeast of China.臺(tái)臺(tái)灣位于中國(guó)灣位于中國(guó)東東南部。南部。on表示表示A地與地與B地接壤、毗地接壤、毗鄰鄰Canada is on the north of America.加加拿大位于美國(guó)北部。拿大位于美國(guó)北部。to表示表示A地在地在B地范地范圍圍之外，即二者之外，即二者之之間間有距離有距離間間隔隔Haikou lies to the south of Guangzhou.海口位于廣州南部。?？谖挥趶V州南部。1(2018甘肅白銀中考甘肅白銀中考)The earth goes the sun.Aaround BthroughCbetween Dacross2(2018天津中考天津中考)In the picture,he sits me,looking very happy.Abeside BamongCup Dthrough3(2018重慶中考重慶中考B卷卷)Excuse me,is there a computer room in your school?Yes.Its the fifth floor.Aon Bin Cat Dto4(2017山東德州中考山東德州中考)A woman stood the window,watching the children playing games in the garden.Apast BthroughCacross Dby5(2019原創(chuàng)原創(chuàng))Hong Kong is in the south of China,and Macao lies the west of Hong Kong.Ato BatCin Don6(2017四川成都中考改編四川成都中考改編)I cant see Lucy because she is the tree.Ain front of BbehindCnext to Dbefore7(2017上海中考上海中考)Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City the airport.Aat BunderCon Dwith8(2019原創(chuàng)原創(chuàng))The moonlight is shining in the window.Everything in the room looks nice.Aover BacrossCthrough Dpast考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)三 方式介詞方式介詞1in,by,within指指“用用”某種材料，某種材料，“用用”某種表達(dá)方式或度量單位，某種表達(dá)方式或度量單位，“用用”某種語(yǔ)言或語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)的方式；某種語(yǔ)言或語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)的方式；by“用用方式方式”，后面，后面常跟表示手段、交通方式的名詞作賓語(yǔ)；常跟表示手段、交通方式的名詞作賓語(yǔ)；with表示表示“用用”一一種具體的工具或手段。種具體的工具或手段。2by,on,in交通工具交通工具當(dāng)交通工具前沒(méi)有限定詞修飾時(shí)，介詞只能用當(dāng)交通工具前沒(méi)有限定詞修飾時(shí)，介詞只能用by；當(dāng)交通工；當(dāng)交通工具前有限定詞具前有限定詞(冠詞和物主代詞等冠詞和物主代詞等)時(shí)，介詞可用時(shí)，介詞可用on，也可用，也可用in,但不可用但不可用by。He has returned to Beijing by air.他已乘飛機(jī)返回北京。他已乘飛機(jī)返回北京。They go to work on their bikes.他們騎自行車(chē)上班。他們騎自行車(chē)上班。I will pick you up at the airport in my car.我將開(kāi)車(chē)去機(jī)場(chǎng)接我將開(kāi)車(chē)去機(jī)場(chǎng)接你。你。1(2019原創(chuàng)原創(chuàng))I made coat with my hand.It was made hand not with a machine.Ain BonCby Dwith2(2019原創(chuàng)原創(chuàng))We are asked to write ink,that is,with a pen.Awith BbyCin Don3(2018河南商丘柘城模擬河南商丘柘城模擬)How do you learn English?I study English talking with foreign students.Aat Bin Cby Don4(2019原創(chuàng)原創(chuàng))Can you answer the question French?Aby Bwith Cfrom Din5(2019原創(chuàng)原創(chuàng))Tom went to school his bike,and I in my fathers car.Ain BbyCon Dwith考點(diǎn)四考點(diǎn)四 其他?？冀樵~其他?？冀樵~1without“沒(méi)有沒(méi)有”，后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。，后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。She just left without saying a word.她一句話(huà)也沒(méi)說(shuō)就走了。她一句話(huà)也沒(méi)說(shuō)就走了。2including“包含；包括包含；包括”The price is$100,including your meals.價(jià)錢(qián)是價(jià)錢(qián)是100美元，包美元，包括你的飯錢(qián)。括你的飯錢(qián)。3with“和；具有，帶有；用，以；由于和；具有，帶有；用，以；由于”，常表示伴隨。，常表示伴隨。She came back with a letter in her hand.她手里拿著一封信她手里拿著一封信回來(lái)了?；貋?lái)了。4against“反對(duì)；靠著，倚著反對(duì)；靠著，倚著”，反義詞為，反義詞為for，表示，表示“支支持持”。There is a ladder against the wall.有架梯子靠在墻上。有架梯子靠在墻上。5except,except for,but,besides(1)except表示表示“除除之外之外(不再有不再有)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)不被包括在內(nèi)。，強(qiáng)調(diào)不被包括在內(nèi)。The office is open every day except Sundays.辦事處除了星期辦事處除了星期天以外天天開(kāi)門(mén)。天以外天天開(kāi)門(mén)。(2)except for“除除之外之外”，表示整體情況良好，局部出現(xiàn)，表示整體情況良好，局部出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。問(wèn)題。The article is good except for some spelling mistakes.除了一除了一些拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤，這個(gè)文章整體還是很好的。些拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤，這個(gè)文章整體還是很好的。(3)but與與except同義，表示同義，表示“除了除了”，常用于，常用于no one,nobody,all等代詞后。等代詞后。Theres no one but me.這里除了我沒(méi)有別人。這里除了我沒(méi)有別人。(4)besides“除除之外還有之外還有”。What languages do you know besides Chinese and English？除了漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)以外你還懂什么語(yǔ)言？除了漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)以外你還懂什么語(yǔ)言？6as作介詞，意思是作介詞，意思是“作為；以作為；以身份身份”。He came to China as a tourist five years ago.他五年前以游客他五年前以游客的身份來(lái)過(guò)中國(guó)。的身份來(lái)過(guò)中國(guó)。English is used as a foreign language in our country.英語(yǔ)作為英語(yǔ)作為一門(mén)外語(yǔ)在我國(guó)被使用。一門(mén)外語(yǔ)在我國(guó)被使用。1(2018安徽亳州利辛安徽亳州利辛5月模擬月模擬)Your math is good.Do you have any special ways to learn it?No.Remember:nothing can be learned hard work.Aagainst Bwith Cthrough Dwithout2(2018安徽阜陽(yáng)第九中學(xué)期末安徽阜陽(yáng)第九中學(xué)期末)I gave the tickets to all the students the ones who had already taken them.Aexcept BbeyondCwith Damong3(2019預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)測(cè))Thirty passengers were hurt,five children.Ainclude BincludingCincluded Dincludes考點(diǎn)五考點(diǎn)五 介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)a bit(of)有一點(diǎn)兒有一點(diǎn)兒after a while過(guò)了一會(huì)兒過(guò)了一會(huì)兒a little一點(diǎn)兒一點(diǎn)兒all kinds of 各種類(lèi)型的；各種各樣的各種類(lèi)型的；各種各樣的a lot of許多許多a pair of 一雙一雙a set of 一套；一副；一組一套；一副；一組around the world 世界各地世界各地as long as只要；既然只要；既然at first起先；首先起先；首先at last最后最后at least至少；不少于；起碼至少；不少于；起碼at night/noon在夜里在夜里/中午中午at once立刻立刻at the age of.在在歲時(shí)歲時(shí)at the beginning of.在在之初之初at the end of.在在之末之末at the foot of.在在腳下腳下at the same time同時(shí)同時(shí)at/on the weekend在周末在周末 because of因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)閎e different from 與與不同；與不同；與有差異有差異be interested in 對(duì)對(duì)感興趣感興趣be made of由由制成的制成的be similar to與與相像的、類(lèi)似的相像的、類(lèi)似的be sure about 確信；對(duì)確信；對(duì)有把握有把握between.and.在在和和之間之間by bike/air/train/bus/sea騎自行車(chē)騎自行車(chē)/乘飛機(jī)乘飛機(jī)/火車(chē)火車(chē)/汽車(chē)汽車(chē)/船船by the end of.到到底為止底為止by the way順便說(shuō)順便說(shuō) by the window在窗邊在窗邊by hand手工手工by mistake錯(cuò)誤地錯(cuò)誤地by the time到到時(shí)候時(shí)候by accident偶然地偶然地 far away from遠(yuǎn)離遠(yuǎn)離 for example例如例如for sure 無(wú)疑；肯定無(wú)疑；肯定from now on從現(xiàn)在起從現(xiàn)在起 from then on從那時(shí)起從那時(shí)起 from.to.從從到到in a hurry匆忙匆忙in all總共總共in(great)danger處于處于(極大極大)危險(xiǎn)之中危險(xiǎn)之中in English 用英語(yǔ)用英語(yǔ)in fact確切地說(shuō)；事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上確切地說(shuō)；事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上in the countryside在鄉(xiāng)下；在農(nóng)村在鄉(xiāng)下；在農(nóng)村in the middle of在在中間中間 in time及時(shí)及時(shí)in order to為了為了 in public公眾；公開(kāi)地公眾；公開(kāi)地 in surprise驚奇地驚奇地 in the end 最后最后in turn依次依次in style時(shí)髦的時(shí)髦的in trouble處于困境中處于困境中in a row一排；一列一排；一列in a word總而言之總而言之in silence沉默沉默in the face of面對(duì)面對(duì) less than少于少于little by little逐漸地逐漸地more than 多于多于of course當(dāng)然當(dāng)然one(large)bowl of.一一(大大)碗碗on foot步行；走路步行；走路 on ones way to某人在去某人在去的路上的路上 on the left/right在左在左(右右)邊邊 on the other hand另一方面另一方面on the other side of.在在另一邊另一邊 on time按時(shí)按時(shí)on vacation在度假在度假on weekends在周末在周末on duty在值日在值日on sale廉價(jià)銷(xiāo)售廉價(jià)銷(xiāo)售on display展覽；陳列展覽；陳列so far到目前為止；迄今為止到目前為止；迄今為止 such as例如；像例如；像這樣這樣the same as 和和相同；與相同；與一致一致thanks to幸虧幸虧to ones joy/surprise使使高興高興/驚訝的是驚訝的是 to be honest老實(shí)說(shuō)老實(shí)說(shuō)to start with在一開(kāi)始在一開(kāi)始with a smile面帶笑容面帶笑容 with ones help/with the help of在某人的幫助下；由于某人的在某人的幫助下；由于某人的幫助幫助with ones own eyes親眼所見(jiàn)親眼所見(jiàn) 1(2018安徽宿州第五中學(xué)模擬安徽宿州第五中學(xué)模擬)How many teachers are there in your school,Emma?There are 120 teachers ，eighty women teachers and forty men teachers.Ain person Bin dangerCin total Din public2(2018安徽蕪湖繁昌二模安徽蕪湖繁昌二模)To protect the environment,we are encouraged to use china cups the paper ones.Aaccording to Binstead ofCsuch as Dtogether with3(2018湖北孝感中考湖北孝感中考)Its not necessary to find a friend who is the same you.Ain BasCto Dfrom4(2018福建中考改編福建中考改編)Blue whales are .We should try to protect them.Ain time Bin publicCin danger Din fact5(2018山西中考改編山西中考改編)In China,we are using the FAST to find stars .Now more and more people want to know about the largest radio telescope(望遠(yuǎn)鏡望遠(yuǎn)鏡)in the world.Ain person Bin publicCin space Din time