《動詞不定式》課件

Infinitive 動詞不定式 知 識 梳 理形 式 主 動 式 被 動 式 與 謂 語 動 作 的 關(guān)系一 般式 to do to be done 動 作 發(fā) 生 在 謂 語動 作 之 后進(jìn) 行式 to be doing / 與 謂 語 動 作 同 時發(fā) 生完 成式 to have done to have been done 動 作 發(fā) 生 在 謂 語動 作 之 前 Pick out the infinitives in the sentences and tell their functions. He pretended to be reading attentively when I came in. It is of great help for us to learn English well. I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party. She listens to news every day so as to find out whats going on. The car to be bought is for his sisters. The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.( 賓語）( 主語）( 賓補(bǔ)）( 狀語）( 定語）( 表語） 不定式可作主、賓、表、定、狀、補(bǔ)語。起名詞，形容詞和副詞的作用。歸納不定式 不 定 式 在 句 中 的 作 用 It is necessary to tell him the truth. To tell him the truth is necessary.練習(xí) 1. 再 次 見 到 你 真 高 興 。 Its nice/good / a great pleasure to see you again.2. 他 們 那 樣 做 是 不 明 智 的。 It is unwise_. It is + n/ adj. ( for/of sb.) to doTo give up smoking is right.It is right to give up smoking.不定式的用法of them to do like that 不 定 式 在 句 中 的 作 用 2. I need to attend the meeting. 練習(xí) 他 們 決 定 周 末 去 野 餐 。They have _at the weekend.She wants to see the new movie. decide,/determine, learn, want, expect/ hope/wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, help/ afford, strive, happen, wait, threaten他 拒 絕 借 給 我 自 行 車 。They _me his bike.不定式的用法decided to have a picnicrefused to lendV+ to do (5+3P60)決 心 學(xué) 會 想 希 望 ,拒 絕 設(shè) 法 愿 假 裝 . 學(xué) 會 答 應(yīng) 選 計 劃 ,同 意 請 求 幫 一 幫 . 不 定 式 在 句 中 的 作 用3. Have you got any questions to ask? I have no chair to sit on.練習(xí) 沒 什 么 可 擔(dān) 心 的 。There is nothing to worry about. 定 語 Betty是 第 一 個 知 道 真 相 的 人 . Betty was the first to know the truth.不定式的用法修 飾 抽 象 名 詞 如：ability, answer, reply, chance, excuse, idea, moment, reason, time , promise, attempt, way 等+to do(5+3P61)我 沒 機(jī) 會 外 出 觀 光 。I have no chance to go sightseeing. 不 定 式 在 句 中 的 作 用4. The best way to learn English is to make friends with a native speaker.練習(xí) 我 的 目 標(biāo) 是 考 入 北 大 。她 的 夢 想 是 當(dāng) 一 名 設(shè) 計 師 。My goal is_.Her dream is _.不定式的用法to be admitted to Beijing Universityto become a designer 不 定 式 在 句 中 的 作 用5. I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.練習(xí) 你 可 以 讓 你 姐 姐 幫 你 一 下 。You can ask your sister to help you .我 總 是 勸 他 戒 煙 。I always advise him to give up smoking.advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, invite, order, persuade, permit, prefer, tell, want, warn, wish, would like sb. to do (5+3P62)不定式的用法 注意有 些 動 詞 后 面 的 不 定 式 不 帶 to， 如 feel（ 一 感 ）hear,listen to（ 二 聽 ） make, have, let（ 三 讓 ） see, watch, notice, observe（ 四 看 ） .I heard them sing a pop song .The teacher made me answer the question.We watched them play football .不定式的用法 - Can I have the document right now? - Of course. Wait a minute and I ll have my secretary _ it for you. A. to print B. printing C. printed D. print2. We tried hard , and eventually, we were able to get Mike _ us his car for just a day. A. lending B. lend C. to lend D. lent Practice 不 定 式 在 句 中 的 作 用練習(xí) 我 匆 忙 趕 到 汽 車 站 ， 只 是 發(fā) 現(xiàn) 汽 車 剛 剛 離開 。He s gone to the office to ask questions.I hurried to the bus stop, only to find the bus had just left.6. She listens to the news every day so as to find out what s going on.7. I was disappointed to hear the news.他 去 辦 公 室 問 問 題 去 了 。不定式的用法 動 詞 不 定 式 的 時 態(tài)1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. . 一 般 式 ( to do ).所表示的動作或狀態(tài) 與謂語動詞同時或之后發(fā)生。不定式的用法 .進(jìn) 行 式 ( to be doing)1. I am very glad to be working with you.2. He is said to be studying abroad.不定式所表示的動作與謂語動作同時進(jìn)行。動 詞 不 定 式 的 時 態(tài)不定式的用法 動 詞 不 定 式 的 時 態(tài) .完 成 式 （ to have done)1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.不定式動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前。不定式的用法 動 詞 不 定 式 的 語 態(tài) Nearly half a million people are believed _ their homes as a result of the disaster. To leave B. to be left C. To be leaving D. to have left2. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had ordered _ clear warnings before firing any shots. (2003 上海) to have issued B. being issued C. to issue D. to be issued不定式的使用 動 詞 不 定 式 的 語 態(tài).主動式( to do / to be doing /to have done) We want to learn English well. He is the first student to have got the prize. We didn t expect you to be waiting for us here. She wished to have been reading as much as the others.當(dāng) 不 定 式 邏 輯 上 的 主 語 是 不 定 式 所 表 示 的動 作 的 執(zhí) 行 者 或 發(fā) 出 者 時 .不定式的使用 (二 )被 動 式 to be done/to have been done1. H e claimed _in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海98） being badly treated B. treating badly C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated. 2. The transportation will improve a lot in this city, with two new roads _ in the near future. A. to construct B. being constructed C. to be constructed D. constructing不定式的用法當(dāng)不定式邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時. 不 定 式 的 其 他 用 法1. 和 疑 問 詞 連 用It is useful to know how to drive.To know how to drive is useful.你 決 定 穿 什 么 參 加 去 參 加 面 試 了 嗎 ？Have you decided what to wear to the interview?沒 人 告 訴 我 在 哪 買 票 。Nobody told me where to buy the ticket.decide, discuss, explain, find out, learn, show, teach, tell, wonder whether/what/who/how/where/when to do其 他 用 法 2. 和 否 定 詞 連 用不 定 式 的 其 他 用 法We turned down the music in order not todisturb the neighbors.not to do1. 媽 媽 讓 他 不 要 花 太 多 的 時 間 玩 電 腦 游 戲 。Mother told him not to spend too much time on PC games.2. 他 假 裝 沒 看 見 我 。She pretended not to see me.其 他 用 法 1. 不 定 式 的 完 成 和 進(jìn) 行 式1. 給 你 添 了 這 么 多 麻 煩 ， 真 對 不 起 。I m sorry to have brought you so much trouble.2.我 們 沒 想 到 你 已 經(jīng) 請 了 他 。We don t expect you to have invited her.3.據(jù) 報 道 他 們 正 在 這 個 地 區(qū) 修 建 另 外 一 條 鐵 路 。They are reported to be building another railway across the region. 4.我 們 很 高 興 這 一 段 時 間 和 你 一 起 學(xué) 習(xí) 。We are happy to have been studying together with you.練 習(xí) 鞏 固 不 定 式 的 其 他 用 法2. 不 定 式 的 被 動 形 式1. 我 被 邀 請 到 這 里 講 學(xué) ， 深 感 榮 幸 。It is an honour for me to be asked to give a lecture here.2. 這 個 問 題 還 有 待 解 決 。The problem remains to be solved.3. 每 年 有 很 多 畢 業(yè) 生 要 求 被 派 到 最 需 要 的 地 方 工 作 。A lot of graduates ask to be sent to work where they are most needed every year. 4. 據(jù) 報 道 ， 又 有 一 所 小 學(xué) 已 經(jīng) 在 汶 川 建 成 。Another primary school is reported to have been built for Children in Wenchuan.練 習(xí) 鞏 固 3.不 定 式 在 一 些 特 殊 句 型 中 的 運(yùn) 用 ： tooto (Textbook P 59. Ex. 4 ) enough to (P 59. Ex. 5 ) It is adj. for sb. to It is adj. of sb. to Sb./Sth. is said/ reported to 難 點(diǎn) 突 破 4.動 詞 不 定 式 不 帶 to的 特 殊 情 況 ：(1)在介詞but, except, besides ,than 前若有實(shí)義動詞do時：What do you like to do besides swim?He could do nothing except/but wait.He did nothing else than laugh.I could hardly do less than lie in bed.I did no more than finish the work.難 點(diǎn) 突 破 (2) 表 示 “ 只 好 ,不 得 不 ” 的 but 之 后：(can t /could not but, can t / could not help but , can t choose but)1)It s raining hard. I can t help but stay at home.2)We could not but face the reality.3)I can t choose but finish the work.4.動 詞 不 定 式 不 帶 to的 特 殊 情 況 ：難 點(diǎn) 突 破 Homework 我 沒 想 到 瑪 麗 會 邀 請 我 參 加 她 的 生 日 晚 會 。 你 能 告 訴 我 如 何 到 機(jī) 場 嗎 ？ 那 個 書 架 太 高 了 ， 我 夠 不 到 。 你 會 參 加 今 天 下 午 的 會 議 嗎 ？ 我 今 天 早 晨 五 點(diǎn) 起 床 以 便 不 錯 過 第 一 趟 車 。 他 不 是 一 個 容 易 相 處 的 人 。 你 真 好 幫 我 復(fù) 習(xí) 英 語 。 對 不 起 讓 你 久 等 了 。 Homework I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party. Can you tell me how to get to the airport? The bookshelf is too high for me to reach. Are you going to attend the meeting to be held this afternoon? I got up at six oclock this morning in order not to miss the first bus. A person like him is difficult to deal with. Its very kind of you to help me with my English. Im sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time. 不 定 式 的 常 用 句 型tooto P 59- 4enough to 2. This tea is too hot for me to drink.3. The bench isn t wide enough for 3 people to sit on.4. The fence was too high for us to climb over.5. The blanket isn t warm enough for me to use in winter.6. The cupboard was too heavy for James to move. It is adj. for sb. to 不 定 式 的 常 用 句 型P 59- 52. It is necessary for Mary to go to the doctor.3. It was disappointing for us to find the cinema closed.4. It was interesting for him to read the book. 不 定 式 的 常 用 句 型比 較：It is adj. of sb. to1. It s very kind of you to help me.2. It s polite of her to say thank you.3. It s rude of him to get into the office without knocking the door. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 2. I ve worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expectsPractice 3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented C. having invented4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much 5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to6. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking 7. There are five pairs _,but I m at a loss which to buy. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing8. _late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 9. With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time. settled B. settling C.to settle D. being settled10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the earth a better place to live. A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing 11. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state run companies are trying _their products more competitive. to make B. making C. to have made D.having made12. The teacher asked us_so much noise. A.dont make B. not makeC. not making D. not to make