2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 3-4 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 新人教版.doc

2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 3-4 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 新人教版.單詞拼寫(xiě)1Strenuous exercise can often do more_(有害)than good.2Opportunities_(存在)in our pany for experienced engineers.3What he said_(使困惑)me.4There was a shortage of_(氧氣)at the top of the mountain.5The_(氛圍)over dinner was warm and friendly.6Water was f_to the development of life.7This kind of plant m_very quickly in warm weather.8The social s_needs to be improved.9If you are right, my m_will be less than on the earth because the moon is smaller and I will be able to move more freely.10V_crime is only one of the maladies affecting modern society.答案：1.harm2.exist3.puzzled4.oxygen5.atmosphere6fundamental7.multiplies8.system9.mass10.Violent.完成句子1既然已做完了作業(yè)，你可以去玩會(huì)足球休息一下。_ _youve finished your homework, you can go and play football to have a rest.2沒(méi)有什么可以阻止我愛(ài)她。Nothing on earth can_me_loving her.3努力干好你的工作，你一定會(huì)成功的。Do your best in your career, and youll succeed_ _ _.4甲型流感今年在全球多個(gè)國(guó)家爆發(fā)。H1N1 flu_ _in many countries all over the world this year.5給瑪麗打個(gè)電話，她需要鼓勵(lì)。Give Mary a call; she needs_ _.答案：1.Now that2.prevent; from3.in time4.broke out5.cheering up.單項(xiàng)填空1Noticing some broken toys_on the floor, I picked them up and_them on the chair, so I wasnt_.Alay; lay; lyingBlying; lay; lyingClaid; laid; laying Dlying; laid; lying答案：D本題考查易混詞lie, lay的用法辨析。句意：看到地上有一些弄壞的玩具，我把它們撿起來(lái)，放在椅子上，因此我一直沒(méi)有躺著(睡覺(jué))。第一空用lie(躺)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)；第二空為lay(放下)的過(guò)去式laid，與picked并列作謂語(yǔ)；第三空用lie的現(xiàn)在分詞，與be一起構(gòu)成過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2The girl looked at me with a_expression. Maybe the problem was quite_.Apuzzled; puzzling Bpuzzling; puzzledCpuzzled; puzzled Dpuzzling; puzzling答案：A本題考查puzzle的用法。句意：這個(gè)女孩滿臉迷惑地看著我。也許那個(gè)問(wèn)題很讓人迷惑。puzzled“迷惑的”，可修飾人，也可修飾expression, look等；puzzling“令人迷惑的，讓人費(fèi)解的”，常用來(lái)說(shuō)明事物。3They managed to_the old buildings to widen the street and beautify the city.Abreak down Bpull downCput down Dburn down答案：B本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：為了加寬街道、美化城市，他們已設(shè)法拆除了那些舊樓。pull down“拆毀，推翻”，符合語(yǔ)境。break down“分解，中止”；put down“放下，鎮(zhèn)壓”；burn down“燒光，燒成平地”，均不符合句意。4Im thinking of tomorrows maths test. Im afraid I cant pass it._. Im sure youll make it.ANo problem BGood luckCGive up DCheer up答案：D本題考查交際用語(yǔ)。從上句可知，說(shuō)話人“擔(dān)心明天數(shù)學(xué)考試不及格”；而從答語(yǔ)人的“Im sure youll make it.(我相信你會(huì)成功的)”可推測(cè)，是在鼓勵(lì)對(duì)方，故用cheer up“振作起來(lái)，高興起來(lái)”。no problem“沒(méi)問(wèn)題”；good luck“祝你好運(yùn)”；give up“放棄”，都不符合語(yǔ)境。5I cant help_the cleaning_Im busy making some dumplings now.Adoing; because Bto do; now thatCdoing; since Dto do; therefore答案：B本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及連詞的用法。本題很容易誤選A，誤認(rèn)為是cant help后就跟動(dòng)名詞。句意：我不能幫助大掃除，因?yàn)槲椰F(xiàn)在正忙著包餃子。從Im busy making some dumplings now來(lái)看，此處help應(yīng)為“幫助”，cant help(to)do sth. 表示“不能幫助做某事”；now that意為“既然”，表示原因。6The study shows that the_scenes in movies and TV are harmful_children.Acheerful; for Bviolent; toCdisappointing; for Dtouching; for答案：B本題考查形容詞辨析及介詞用法。violent“暴力的”，violent scenes“暴力場(chǎng)景”；be harmful to.意為“對(duì)有害”。7Some policemen were sent there to_the villagers_the trees.Akeep; cutting down Bprevent; cutting downCprevent; to cut up Dstop; to cut up答案：Bprevent/stop.(from)doing sth.表示“阻止做某事”，不能說(shuō)prevent/stop.to do sth.。keep.from doing sth. 也有“阻止做某事”的意思，但from不能省略。8Fortunately, I was just_to catch the last bus to the hotel.Aat times BaboutCin time Dtoo late答案：C句意：很幸運(yùn)，我及時(shí)趕上了去賓館的最后一班車(chē)。in time“及時(shí)”，作表語(yǔ)。at times“有時(shí)”；be about to do表示“就要做”；too late“太晚了”，均與題意不符。9What did she want to know, Tom?She wondered_we could plete the experiment.Awhen was it Bit was when thatCwhen was it Dwhen it was that答案：D本題考查從句的語(yǔ)序及強(qiáng)調(diào)句。wonder后跟連接副詞when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，用陳述句語(yǔ)序；該從句使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。10_！ Dont get too close to the building of which walls are being painted.AGet along Be onCWatch out DSet off答案：C考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)心！不要太靠近那座建筑物，它的墻正在被刷漆。watch out在這里用來(lái)提醒別人注意。get along “進(jìn)展，相處”；e on“加油”；set off“動(dòng)身，出發(fā)”。11The doctor had almost lost hope at one point but the patient finally_.Apulled through Bpulled overCpulled up Dpulled out答案：Apull through“康復(fù)，痊愈”，符合語(yǔ)境。pull over“把車(chē)開(kāi)到路邊，靠岸”；pull up“停車(chē)；停止”；pull out“駛出，退出”。12Early in April, this year some experts indicated that H1N1 would_this winter.Abreak down Bbreak out Cbreak up Dbreak off 答案：B句意：今年四月，一些專(zhuān)家預(yù)測(cè)甲流會(huì)在今冬爆發(fā)。break out“發(fā)生”；break down“(機(jī)器等)壞了，(談判等)失敗，分解”；break up“解散，分裂，解體，打碎”；break off“折斷”。13The young dancers look so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took_pictures of them.Amany of Bmasses ofCthe number of Da large amount of答案：B句中的them指上文的young dancers；若用many of指“照片中的許多”，不合題意，應(yīng)該用many；masses of“大量的”，可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞；the number of指“的數(shù)目”；a large amount of“大量的”，只接不可數(shù)名詞。14The new bridge is_the one built last year.Athree times as wider as Bthree times the width ofCthree times the width Das three times as答案：B考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。A項(xiàng)wider應(yīng)改為wide；C項(xiàng)width后應(yīng)加of。15Sometimes he found_very hard to fall asleep at night, so he went to see the doctor.Ahim BthisCthat Dit答案：D句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)晚上有時(shí)候很難入睡，于是他就去看醫(yī)生了。it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是to fall asleep at night。其他選項(xiàng)都不能作形式賓語(yǔ)。.閱讀理解(xx江西)Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因構(gòu)成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be pletely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潛在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in munications systems. Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts(副產(chǎn)品) of technological developments in the space industry!While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.文章大意：本文是一篇議論文，向我們闡述了人類(lèi)進(jìn)行太空探索的原因。人類(lèi)的基因構(gòu)成決定了人類(lèi)探索其他領(lǐng)域包括太空的能力。人類(lèi)探索太空可能暫時(shí)沒(méi)有多大用處，但是在將來(lái)這可能會(huì)幫助人類(lèi)生存下去。1Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?ATo express his doubts.BTo pare different ideas.CTo introduce points for discussion.DTo describe the conditions on Earth.答案：C推理判斷題。作者在第一段提出問(wèn)題目的是引出下面要討論的話題。2What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?AHumans are natureborn to do so.BHumans have the tendency to fight.CHumans may find new sources of food.DHumans dont like to stay in the same place.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句可知人類(lèi)探索太空的原因是其基因的構(gòu)成。3The underlined word “spinoffs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _.Asurvival chances Bpotential resourcesCunexpected benefitsDphysical possessions答案：C詞義猜測(cè)題。后面所說(shuō)的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in munications systems”可知此處的劃線短語(yǔ)意為“益處，好處”。4What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?AOur genetic makeup. BResources on the earth.CThe adaptive ability of humans.DByproducts in space exploration.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句話可知，人類(lèi)的適應(yīng)能力會(huì)讓人類(lèi)在其他星球生存下去。5Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?ASpace exploration has created many wonders.BSpace exploration provides the best value for money.CSpace exploration can benefit science and technology.DSpace exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.答案：D主旨大意題。A、B兩項(xiàng)可以容易地排除。全文主要講的是太空探索對(duì)幫助人類(lèi)生存的益處，而不是對(duì)科技的益處。BIf your cellphone suddenly stops working, dont blame the service provider. The malfunction(故障) might have been caused by something biggera solar storm. Experts expect that the earth will see more solar activities in the near future. The malfunction of electronic devices is just one of the effects.Sunspots(太陽(yáng)黑子) serve as an indicator of the suns activity. For the past two years, sunspots have mostly been missing. Their absence, the longest in nearly 100 years, has taken even sun watchers by surprise.When the number of sunspots drops at the end of each 11year cycle, solar storms die down and all bee much calmer. This “solar minimum” doesnt last long. Within a year, sunspots and solar storms begin to build toward a new crescendo,_the next solar maximum.Whats special about this latest cycle is that the sun is having trouble starting the next solar cycle. The sun began to calm down in late xx, so no one expected many sunspots in xx. They should return in xx. Scientists have predicted that the next solar cycle could be the most active on record: more sunspots and more solar storms. However, sunspots are mostly missing now.Since the earth is in close contact with the sun, strong solar activities can bring trouble to our life. People of the 21 st century rely on hightech systems for the basics of daily life. Air travel and radio munications can be affected by strong solar activities. A big solar storm could cause 20 times more economic damage than Hurricane Katrina.What the sun will do next is beyond our ability to predict. Most astronomers think that the solar cycle will go on but at low level. However, there is also evidence that the sun is losing its ability to produce sunspots. By xx, they could be gone altogether.文章大意：如果你的手機(jī)不能正常工作了，請(qǐng)不要把責(zé)任推向服務(wù)提供商。這樣的故障也許是太陽(yáng)黑子引起的。6The sun watchers feel surprised at_. A. the longest sunspots absence B. the largest sunspot number C. the malfunction of electronic devices D. the serious damage by sunspots答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段可知太陽(yáng)黑子長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的消失讓太陽(yáng)觀測(cè)者很吃驚。7What does the underlined word “crescendo” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. small number B. high levelC. usual cycle D. fresh start答案：B詞義猜測(cè)題。從畫(huà)線詞前面的solar minimum和其后的the next solar maximum可知太陽(yáng)黑子和太陽(yáng)風(fēng)暴會(huì)在一年內(nèi)形成新高潮，故答案為B。8We can infer that in the past two years_.A. solar activities have brought much trouble to our lifeB. the number of sunspots has increased to a large extentC. the solar minimum took the place of the solar maximumDour cellphones have seldom been interrupted by the solar storm答案：D邏輯推理題。從第一段可知手機(jī)故障可能是由太陽(yáng)風(fēng)暴引起的，再結(jié)合第二段For the past two years, sunspots have mostly been missing.可推知D項(xiàng)正確。9Which statement does the text lead you to believe?A. Solar activities do no harm to our daily life.B. Hurricane Katrina is also a type of solar storms.C. Its difficult to predict sunspots.D. From now on therere no sunspots.答案：C推理判斷題。從最后一段可推知太陽(yáng)黑子是不好預(yù)測(cè)的，故C項(xiàng)正確。