2019-2020年高三英語第一輪復習 模塊七第二單元教案 牛津版.doc

2019-2020年高三英語第一輪復習 模塊七第二單元教案 牛津版historian n. 歷史學家recipe n. 處方；食譜，菜譜physician n. 醫(yī)生，內(nèi)科醫(yī)師bark n. 樹皮；（狗）叫，吠 vi. （狗）叫，吠chemist n. 藥劑師；化學家trial n. 試用；試驗；考驗tablet n. 藥片；寫字板，書寫板standardize vt. 使符合標準，使標準化best-selling adj. 暢銷的painkiller n. 止痛藥，鎮(zhèn)痛劑author n. 作者heart attack 心臟病發(fā)作thin vt. & vi. （使）變稀，（使）變薄，（使）變淡；（使）變細block vt. 阻塞，阻擋，使不通；妨礙length n. 長度contemporary adj. 當代的；同時代的Scottish adj. 蘇格蘭的note vt. 發(fā)現(xiàn)，注意到；記錄transparent adj. 透明的application n. 應用，運用；申請name vt. 命名，給取名unable adj. 不能的，不會的chemical adj. 化學的purify vt. 使純凈，凈化，提純quantity n. 量，數(shù)量mass adj. 批量的，大量的，大規(guī)模的；群眾的，民眾的 n. 團，塊，堆；較大部分，主體部分；體積，大小，群眾，人群widespread adj. 普遍的，普及的，廣泛的lung n. 肺rapidly adv. 迅速地，快速地powerful adj. 效力大的，強效的wonder adj. 非凡的，奇妙的，奇特的，神奇的 n. 奇跡，神奇；奇觀；驚奇，驚訝millions of 數(shù)百萬的，大量的relief n. 減輕，緩解；輕松，寬慰；救濟，救助potential adj. 潛在的，可能的fundamental adj. 基礎(chǔ)的，根本的；重要的，至關(guān)重要的enquiry n. 詢問，咨詢ward n. 病房handful n. 少數(shù)，少量；一把annual adj. 每年的，一年一次的arrangement n. 安排；排列receptionist n. 接待員，招待員pleasure n. 愉快，快樂；樂事eyesight n. 視力adjustable adj. 可調(diào)節(jié)的magic adj. 有魔力的，不可思議的，魔術(shù)的needle n. 針art n. 技藝，技術(shù)sharp-edged adj. 有鋒利邊緣的swollen adj. 腫脹的arrowhead n. 箭頭；箭頭狀物sharp adj. 鋒利的，銳利的；尖的；突然的，急轉(zhuǎn)向的；尖刻的，辛辣的；靈敏的，敏銳的fine adj. 細的，纖細的point n. 點，位置；尖端；要點；分數(shù)insert vt. 插入；嵌入symptom n. 癥狀function n. 功能，作用heartbeat n. 心跳addiction n. 上癮，沉溺，入迷overeating n. 過量飲食relieve vt. 減輕（病痛、憂慮、負擔等），緩解；救濟，救助unclear adj. 不清楚的課文出現(xiàn)短語1. keep us healthy2. open up3. carry out4. give up5. e true6. figure out7. go wrong8. put off9. put up with10. make out11. call back12. look out for13. at certain points14. find out15. if so16. remend doing17. in contemporary society18. in large quantities19. trun into20. be fundamental to (doing)21. a disease called malaria22. look into23. look down upon24. put through25. e up26. remind sb to do27. be based on28. block from doing29. focus on30. reduce the risk of31. try out32. due to33. in addition to34. have an influence on35. leave behind36. ask for37. set up38. put off39. take measures to do40. let out of41. be connected with一單詞應用根據(jù)單詞的首字母或漢語意思填寫正確單詞，注意形式變化。1. A p_ is a person who has general skills to treat physical problems.2. Penicillin was d_ in the mould that grew on a special transparent jelly.3. He is the a_ whose books are best-selling this year.4. Stoke is a type of serious illness when blood vessels in the brain b_ suddenly or are b_.5. Aspirin can reduce the risk of heart attacks by t_ blood.6. He tried to apply for the patent. But his a_ was not accepted at all.7. Overeating makes him _ (不能) to live a normal life.8. In 1900, aspirin was sold in shops as a t_ _ (含有) 500mg of ASA. 9. His report was _ (忽視) at first but later was i_(證實) very powerful in this field.10. They realized there was some _ (潛在的) danger behind the case. 11. There is a high _ (可能性) that the murderer just hid in the hill.12. Ill put you through to the _ (接待員) and she can take down your _ (詳情). 二詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1. history n.-_ (adj.)-_(n. 人) 2. standard n.-_ (vt.)3. able adj.-_ (反) 4. purify v.-_(n.)-_ (adj.) 5. relief n.-_ (v.)6. enquire v.-_ (n.)7. annual adj. -_(adv.)8. adjust v.-_ (adj.)9. addiction n. -_(adj.)10. surgical adj.-_ (n.)三選詞填空try out, turn up, e true, die for, pick up , clear up , go through, focus on, result in, decide on1. She _ some dumplings in the restaurant on her way home.2. Jerry _ many difficulties, but finished university in the end.3. Dont leave your room in a mess,_ your things before you leave,4. The national hero _ the cause of freedom.5. Im so tired that I cant _ anything.6. In 1965, Aleksei Lennov, a Russian, made the dreams of many people_ by being the first astronaut to walk in outer space.7.The drug has not been _ on humans yet, so it cannot be put on the market.8. Mr. Wang failed to _ at his daughters birthday party, greatly disappointing her.9.His success in the examination _ him being able to enter university.10. Finally, she_ a pink dress.四句型結(jié)構(gòu)1. If you open up any medicine cupboard in the world, there is a high probability that you will find aspirin and penicillin. (P18) 倘若你打開世界上任何一個藥柜,都很可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。 open upphrasal verb M 1) to show sth. that was hidden or not previously known:The security council debate could open up sharp differences between the countries.2) to improve a situation by making it less limited:The government has announced plans to open up access to higher education.3) to make a space larger or less enclosed:Were going to open up our kitchen by knocking down a couple of walls.4) to open the lock on the door of a building:The caretaker opens up the school every morning at seven5) to do a medical operation on someone to see inside their body:When they opened her up, they couldnt find anything wrong with her.6) to start to talk more about yourself and your feelings:Ive never opened up to anyone like I do to you.probabilityn. C or U the likelihood of sth. happening or being true:What is the probability of winning?The probability of getting all the answers correct is about one in ten.Theres a high/strong probability (that) (= It is very likely that) shell be here.Until yesterday, the project was just a possibility, but now it has bee a real probability (= it is likely that it will happen).probableadj. likely to be true or likely to happen:The probable cause of death was heart failure. + that It is probable that share prices will fall still further.注意比較：probable: adj. 很可能的，與likely意思相近，有時可以互換；possible的語氣稍弱。他們各自的句型如下：Its probable/possible for sb. to do sth.Its probable/possible thatIts likely thatsb./sth. is likely to do sth. 2. but in fact, 3,500 years ago, some recipes remended drinking a tea made from the dried leaves of a particular plant to reduce body pains. (P18) 但事實上,早在3,500年前就有一些藥方建議人們飲用一種由特殊植物的干葉制成的茶來減輕身體的病痛。remendv. T to suggest that someone or sth. would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done:I can remend the chicken in mushroom sauce - its delicious.She has been remended for promotion.The headmistress agreed to remend the teachers proposals to the school governors.+ (that) The doctor remended (that) I take more exercise.+ ing form of verb I remend writing your feelings down on paper.remendedadj.It is dangerous to take more than the remended dose of this medicine.She is a highly remended architect.remendationn.1) C or U a suggestion that sth. is good or suitable for a particular purpose or job:I bought this puter on Johns remendation (= because John told me that it was good).I got the job on Sams remendation (= because she told her employers that I was suitable for the job).2) C advice telling someone what the best thing to do is:+ that The report makes the remendation that no more prisons should be built.makefromto produce sth., often using a particular substance or material:Butter is made out of/from milk.相關(guān)短語:makeof/be made ofEarrings are made of goldmakeinto/be made fromWood can be made into tables.make up/be made up ofEleven players make up the football team.The football team is made up of eleven players.3. The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899 when the pany Hoffmann worked for began giving the medicine in powder form to physicians to use with patients. (P18) 1899年, 該藥品第一次進行實驗, 當時, 霍夫曼供職的公司開始將該藥以粉末形式提供給醫(yī)師, 讓他們用于病人。trialn. C or U 1) a test, usually over a limited period of time, to discover how effective or suitable sth. or someone is:Theyre doing clinical trials on a new drug.Theyve employed her for a six-month trial (period).MAINLY UK You can buy any of their garden equipment on trial/US USUALLY on a trial basis, and if you dont like it you can give it back.2) the hearing of statements and showing of objects, etc. in a court of law to judge whether a person is guilty of a crime or to decide a case or a legal matter:Trial by jury is a fundamental right.It was a very plicated trial that went on for months.Shes going on/standing trial for fraud.trial and errorn. a way of achieving an aim or solving a problem by trying a number of different methods and learning from the mistakes that you make:Theres no instant way of finding a cure - its just a process of trial and error.take place: to happen:The concert takes place next Thursday.同義詞辨析: happen：(of a situation or an event) to have existence or e into existence:No one knows exactly what happened but several people have been hurt.Anything could happen in the next half hour.A funny thing happened in the office today.Whats happened to my pen (= Where is it)? I put it down there a few moments ago.to do or be by chance:+ to infinitive They happened to look (= looked by chance) in the right place almost immediately.+ (that) Fortunately it happened (that) there was no one in the house at the time of the explosion.occur: to happen:An accident involving over ten vehicles has occurred in the east-bound lane.If any of these symptoms occur while you are taking the medicine, consult your doctor immediately.occur to sb. phrasal verbIf a thought or idea occurs to you, it es into your mind:The thought did occur to me.+ that It never even occurred to us that he hadnt been invited.to exist or be present in, among, etc:Violence of some sort seems to occur in every society.Minerals occur naturally in the earths crustinform=in the form ofThe lawn was laid out in the form of the figure eight.in any shape or formof any type:Im opposed to war in any shape or form.4. A year later, in 1900, aspirin was sold in shops as a tablet containing 500 milligrams of ASA. (P18) 一年以后，阿司匹林被制成片劑在藥店出售，每片含有200毫克的乙酰水楊酸。containv. T not continuous to have sth. inside or include sth. as a part:How much liquid do you think this bottle contains?Ive lost a file containing a lot of important documents.Try to avoid foods which contain a lot of fat.The allegations contained in this report are very serious.注意比較: includev. T to contain sth. as a part of sth. else, or to make sth. part of sth. else:The book contains 40 maps, including a map of China.The bill includes tax and service.Tax and service are included in the bill.5. Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, is the author of several published reports, one of which introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin could reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning blood. (P18) 美國的一位醫(yī)生勞倫斯克雷文發(fā)表了好幾篇報告，其中1953年的一篇報告提出了阿司匹林可以稀釋血液。thinadj. (thinner, thinnest) having a small distance between two opposite sides:a thin bookthin black linesa thin jacketadj. (thinner, thinnest) (of the body) with little flesh on the bones:Did you notice how thin her wrists were?Thin, hungry dogs roamed the streets.Adj. (thinner, thinnest) (of a liquid) flowing easily:a thin soupv. T to make a substance less thick, often by adding a liquid to it:Thin the sauce down with a little stock.6. and in 1977, a study carried out in the USA showed that the chemical ASA in aspirin could prevent a stroke, which is a type of serious illness when blood vessels in the brain burst suddenly or are blocked. (P18) 1977年，美國的一項研究證明，阿司匹林中的化學物質(zhì)乙酰水楊酸能預防中風。中風是由于大腦血管爆裂或梗塞而產(chǎn)生的一種突發(fā)疾病。blockn. C 1) a solid straight-sided lump of hard material:a block of wood/ice2) a group of things bought, dealt with, or considered together:a block of tickets/seats/sharesCorporate-hospitality firms make block bookings (= buy large numbers of seats) at big sporting events.3) a large, usually tall building divided into separate parts for use as offices or homes by several different organizations or people:an office block4) the distance along a street from where one road crosses it to the place where the next road crosses it, or one part of a street like this, especially in a town or city:The museum is just six blocks away.My friend and I live on the same block.5) a square group of buildings or houses with roads on each side:I took a walk around the block.6)A block in (= An object blocking) the pipe was preventing the water from ing through.v. T to prevent movement through sth., or to prevent sth. from happening or succeeding:A fallen tree is blocking the road.My view was blocked by a tall man in front of me.She was very talented and I felt her parents were blocking her progress.7. In xx, aspirin was 100 years old and yet there have been more discoveries on how it can help increase the length of peoples lives. (P19) 到xx年，阿司匹林已有100年的歷史，然而關(guān)于它如何幫助延長人類壽命方面還有更多的發(fā)現(xiàn)。lengthn. 1) C or U the measurement of sth. from end to end or along its longest side:The boat is ten metres in length.The length of the bay is approximately 200 miles.She planted rose bushes (along) the length of the garden (= the whole distance along it).2) C a piece of sth. such as string or pipe:a length of rope3) C the amount of time sth. takes:the length of a film/speech/playHe is unable to concentrate on his work for any length of time (= for anything more than a short time).keep sb. at arms lengthto not allow someone to bee too friendly with you:I always had the feeling she was keeping me at arms length.at length1) for a long time:George went on at great length about his various illnesses.2) FORMAL If sth. happens at length, it happens after a long period of time:At length, the authorities allowed her to go home.8. He noted that mould had grown on a special transparent jelly that had bacteria on it. (P19) 他注意到，帶有細菌的一種特殊的，透明的果子凍上長起了霉。notev. T SLIGHTLY FORMAL 1) to notice sth.:They noted the consumers growing demand for quicker service.+ (that) Please note (that) we will be closed on Saturday.+ question word Note how easy it is to release the catch quickly.2) to give your attention to something by discussing it or making a written record of it:+ that He said the weather was beyond our control, noting that last summer was one of the hottest on record.In the article, she notes several cases of medical inpetence. n. U FORMALimportance, or when sth. deserves attention:There was nothing of note in the latest report.notedadj. known by many people, especially because of particular qualities:Summer hill school is noted for its progressive policies.Shes not noted for her patience (= She is not a patient person).9. It was not until World War II that two other scientists managed to use new chemical techniques to purify it. (P19)直到二戰(zhàn)另外兩個科學家才設(shè)法使用新的化學方法來凈化它。It was not until that 這是一個not until結(jié)構(gòu)的強調(diào)句型。強調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is/was +被強調(diào)部分+that高考鏈接1. It was not until she got home _ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. (xx全國II)A. when B. that C. where D. before2. It was after he got what he had desired _ he realized it was not so important. (xx遼寧)A. that B. when C. since D. as答案：1-2 B A 10. He named the chemical found in the mould penicillin and tried to make it pure to be a medicine, but was unable to do that. (P19) 他把霉里的化學物質(zhì)命名為青霉素并盡力提純該物質(zhì)以便制藥，但沒能做成。namev. T 1) to give someone or sth. a name:+ two objects We named our dogs Shandy and Belle.A man named Dennis answered the door.2) to say what sth. or someones name is:In the first question you had to name three types of monkey.He couldnt name his attacker.n. C the word or words that a person, thing or place is known by:"Hi, whats your name?" "My names Diane."Please write your full (= plete) name and address on the form.Whats the name of that mountain in the distance?We finally agreed on the name Luca for our son.The students were listed by name and by country of origin.pureadj. not mixed with anything else:a pure cotton shirtNOTE: The opposite is impure.purifyv. T to remove bad substances from sth. to make it pure:Plants help to purify the air.One of the functions of the kidneys is to purify the blood.unableadj. be unable to do sth. to not be able to do sth.:We were unable to contact him at the time.11. They were able to produce it in large quantities. (P19) 他們能夠大量地生產(chǎn)它。ableadj. be able to do sth. to have the necessary physical strength, mental power, skill, time, money or opportunity to do sth.:Will she be able to cope with the work?Hes never been able to admit to his mistakes.Im sorry that I wasnt able to phone you yesterday.Its so wonderful being able to see the sea from my window.ability (POWER) n. C or U the physical or mental power or skill needed to do sth.:Theres no doubting her ability.+ to infinitive She had the ability to explain things clearly and concisely.Shes a woman of considerable abilities.For reference1. be able to 不可以和can/could連用，可以和may/might連用；2. could表示過去存在的狀態(tài)，而was/were able to表示過去發(fā)生的動作。For example:He could swim at 10 and once he was able to swim across the river.quantityn. C or U the amount or number of sth., especially that can be measured or is fixed:Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his possession.We consumed vast quantities of food and drink that night.The (sheer) quantity (= large amount) of equipment needed for the trip is staggering.They are now developing ways to produce the vaccine in large quantities and cheaply.For reference表示“許多”的詞或短語如下：(1) 修飾可數(shù)名詞的：many, a great/good many, quite a few, a large/great number of/numbers of, many a(2) 修飾不可數(shù)名詞的：much, a great deal of, a large amount of/large amounts of(3) 既可以修飾可數(shù)又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞的：a lot of/lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of/large quantities of, a mass of, masses of高考鏈接We always keep _ spare paper, in case we ran out. (xx浙江)A. too much B. a number C. plenty of D. a good many答案：C12. If penicillin had not been available, many people would have died from bacterial illnesses or even minor wounds. (P19) 如果沒有青霉素，很多人會死于由細菌引起的疾病。availableadj. able to be obtained, used, or reached:Is this dress available in a larger size?Theres no money available for an office party this year.It is vital that food is made available to the famine areas.+ to infinitive Im afraid Im not available to help with the show on the 19th.diev. I (dying, died, died) to stop living or existing, either suddenly or slowly:Twelve people died in the accident.She died of/from hunger/cancer/a heart attack/her injuries.It is a brave person who will die for their beliefs.die相關(guān)短語:die from： 死于（外因） die of： 死于（疾病，饑餓，嚴寒等內(nèi)因）die away： （聲音等的）消逝 die down： （火勢，怒氣等的）平息die out： （風俗習慣，物種等的）滅絕，消失 die off： 相繼死去直至死光die for：為而死；渴望得到For example:The sound of his footsteps gradually died away. It was several minutes before the applause died down.Dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.Its a custom which is beginning to die out.His parents died off within a year. I am dying for/to have a drink.13. Penicillin is also used to treat other illnesses including pneumonia, an illness that affects the lungs. (P19) 青霉素也用于治療其他的疾病,其中包括肺炎,這是一種侵襲肺部的疾病.affectv. T to have an influence on someone or sth., or to cause them to change:Both buildings were badly affected by the fire.The divorce affected every aspect of her life.Its a disease which affe