Unit 9 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)歸納

Unit 9 Technology知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：Functional Sentences:Its a good idea toI agree with you.Yes, it certainly is. Thats quite true.If we go on polluting the world, it wont be fit for us to live in.Useful Words And Expressions?damage 毀壞、損害lectures about (= on) pollution關(guān)于污染的演講go on ( = continue, keep) doing sth 繼續(xù)做同一件事be fit (= suitable) for sb to do sth 適合于某人做某事agree with sb 同意某人的意見(jiàn)（觀點(diǎn)）have got (= have) go to sth不得不做think of ways of doing (= to do) sth 想出做某事的方法pay special / much / little / no attention to (doing ) sth 特別（很，不太，不）注意（做）某事much room left 剩下許多空間turnin to 把變成plenty of 大量，許多in the heart of 在 中心（腹地）cattle 牛（總稱），家畜 cause 原（起）因the number of 的數(shù)目fail to do sth 沒(méi)有（能夠）做limit 限制，減少be gradually lost 逐漸流失cut down trees 砍伐樹(shù)木hold (keep) sth in place 保持在原來(lái)的地方blow away 刮走power station 電站fall to the ground 降落地面a cloud of 一團(tuán)time and time again (= now and then) 不時(shí)，有時(shí)，偶爾the injured 受傷的人hundreds of thousands of 成千上萬(wàn)lose ones sight (= become blind) 雙目失明one harrow entrance to the ocean 一個(gè)狹窄的通往大洋的入口square kilometres平方公里 die out 消失，滅亡It is thought / said / reported / believed that 據(jù)認(rèn)為 / 據(jù)說(shuō) / 據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)an average of one kind 平均有一種per day / every day / daily 每天used to do sth 過(guò)去常常做many reasons for animals dying out 動(dòng)物絕種的許多原因eitheror 要么要么；或者或者in all (= altogether) 總共no more than (= only) 僅僅a total of 的總數(shù)（總額）go on an organized trip to a place 對(duì)進(jìn)行有組織的旅行wild life (= wild animals) 野生動(dòng)物two and a half hours ( = two hours and a half) 兩個(gè)半小時(shí)printed question papers 印制好的問(wèn)卷紙fill in 填寫（入）next to a fallen tree 一棵倒下的大樹(shù)旁putinto 把放/裝入go off (= leave) separately 分頭離開(kāi)be lost (= lose ones way / lose oneself) 迷路do tests 檢驗(yàn)be busy (in) doing sth 忙于做take a photograph (photographs) of 給拍照片point to 指著（向） to ones joy 令人高興的是Look exactly / just like 看起來(lái)與一模一樣a suggested answer 一條參考答案a mixed group 一個(gè)男女生混合組a wasted journey 一次徒勞的旅行Important Words And Expressions:1、damage1) n. harm, loss or injury 損失（害）2) v. cause damage to 損害cause / do damage (to) The earthquake caused much damageThe hotel was slightly / badly damaged.2、fit adj. 1) suitable for sb; good enough for sb / sth 合適的，適當(dāng)?shù)?) in good health 健康的3) v. be the right shape and size for (sb) 合適，合身4) n. way in which sth esp. a garment fits. 合身的1) The food was not fit to eat.2) Im always very fit.3) The skirt fitted her well.4) The coat was a good fit. 比：fit sb與be fit for sbsth fit sb指大小尺寸合適；be fit for sb指合乎某種身份，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)The clothes fit her well, but it isnt fit for her.3、Cattle與police一樣，只用作復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。People 意為“人民 / 人們”時(shí)，只有復(fù)數(shù)，但當(dāng) people意為“民族”有單復(fù)數(shù)區(qū)別。1) Cattle feed on grass.2) The police are after the missing child.3) People are working hard.4、cause: n1)是造成一種結(jié)果的原因。意為“引起的原因”，常與of連用；2) 其近義詞是reason，是說(shuō)明或證明一種結(jié)果的理由，單純強(qiáng)調(diào)原因，常 與for連用。3) vt. be the cause of, make happy 造成；使發(fā)生。1) Smoking is one of the causes of heart disease.2) She didnt give any reasons for leaving.3) The cold weather caused the plants to die.4) He caused his parents much unhappiness.5、limit: 1) n. the most that is allowed 限度，限量2) vt. set a limit or limits to sb / sth 限制，限定3) limited adj. few or small 有限的，少的，小的1) There is a limit to everything. 詞組有：go beyond / over limit 超過(guò)限度，without limit 無(wú)限度地within the limits of 在范圍內(nèi)， within limits 有限制地2) We must try and limit our spending.3) Our time is rather limited.6、in place1) in the usual or proper position 在平常的或應(yīng)在的地方2) suitable 合適的，適當(dāng)?shù)?。反義為：out of place1) She likes everything to be in place before she starts work.2) What he said is in place.7、die out 1) (of a family, species, etc.) no longer have any members left alive (指家 族、物種等)死光，絕種2) (of a custom, practice, etc.) no longer be common. (指習(xí)俗，做法等)消 失，過(guò)時(shí)3) go out 1) This kind of animal is being destroyed and it has nearly died out.2)The old traditions are dying out.3) The fire died out die of / from 死于 die away 逐漸消失 die off 相繼死去die down 逐漸減弱 die for 為而死，極想，渴望8、to ones joy是一種常用的句型，意思是“令人高興的是”在句中作獨(dú)立成 分，其后跟的句子就是使人高興的事。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有：to ones disappointment令人失望的是 to ones relief 令人感到寬慰的是 to ones surprise 令人吃驚的是 to ones delight 令人高興的是1) To the students joy (= To the joy of the students), all of them have passed the 2) college entrance examination.2) To the mothers relief, the child came back safely.9、I agree with you.agree表同意，贊同，達(dá)成協(xié)議（在多數(shù)情況下作不及物動(dòng)詞）；常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)有agree with / on / to，注意它們的區(qū)別1) agree with 同意某人的意見(jiàn)，介詞with的賓語(yǔ)常為sb / idea / what sb said.2) agree on表在某一點(diǎn)或某一具體事情上有相同意見(jiàn)，這時(shí)agree的主語(yǔ)多 為復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“較取得一致意見(jiàn)” 3) agree to同意某一建議、安排等，to的賓語(yǔ)常為一些抽象名詞(如plan, suggestion, proposal)4) agree to do sth.1) Im sorry I dont agree with you / your idea / what you said.2) They agreed on the date / place for the meeting.3) We all agreed to the arrangement / plan / suggestion.4) He agreed to let me go home early.10、Weve got to think of ways of changing peoples habits have got to do sth = have to do sth.way n. 1)“方法，手段，方式”have a way 2) “方向”3)“路線，路途”4)“距離，路程”1) The chemistry teacher had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting2) Look this way, please.3) Youd better ask the police the way to the station.4) Shanghai is a Long way from here.詞組：by the way 順便問(wèn)一下 all the way一路上by way of 途徑in the / ones way 擋路11、It is thought that in the next 40 years as many as 100000 people will die in Russia as a result of illness此結(jié)構(gòu)中it為形式主語(yǔ)，that從句為真正的主語(yǔ)，其句型為：1) It is thought / said / reported / believed / wellknown etc. + that表“據(jù)認(rèn)為 / 據(jù)說(shuō) / 報(bào)導(dǎo)”等。這種結(jié)構(gòu)等同于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：People think / say / report / believe etc. + that 或: sb is thought / said / reported / believed etc. + 不定式以上三種結(jié)構(gòu)可以相互替換： It is said that he has been abroad= People say that he has been abroad.= He is said to have been abroad.2)as many as 100000 people 多達(dá)10萬(wàn)人as much as 10 tons 多達(dá)10噸as high as 1.8 meters 高達(dá)1.8米as deep as 5 meters 深達(dá)5米注：as far as the river 直到河邊The doctor will do as much as he can to save the baby.12、There are many reasons for animals dying out, butanimals 在語(yǔ)法上叫做動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，也可改為 animals，因?yàn)樵诰渲袆?dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)可由“物主代詞 / 代詞賓格 / 名詞所有格 / 名詞普通格”構(gòu)成。但在句首只能由“物主代詞 / 名詞所有格”構(gòu)成。1) Do you mind my / me / Toms / Tom closing the window?2) The students / their knowing English well helped them in learning English. Grammar: 代表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞的用法：1、過(guò)去分詞可以用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)。過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)常表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。（現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征。） 如：He is delighted at the news.We are satisfied with the result.The door remained locked.The story is excitingWe are excited after seeing the film.2、有些過(guò)去分詞用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，構(gòu)成的謂語(yǔ)很接近被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表示一個(gè)動(dòng) 作，過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)表主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。如：The glass is broken. (狀態(tài)) The glass was broken by me. (動(dòng)作及動(dòng)作發(fā)出者)3、過(guò)去分詞可以用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)：1)過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)可以表示動(dòng)作完成了。（現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行 的動(dòng)作） 如：developed country (developing country)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家（發(fā)展中國(guó)家）fallen leaves (rising sun)落葉（冉冉升起的太陽(yáng)）2) 過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)可以表示所修飾名詞的狀態(tài)。（現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)表示它所修 飾名詞的性質(zhì)、特征。）His surprised look suggested that he had not expected that.His surprising look made me surprised.3) 某些動(dòng)詞只用過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)，不用現(xiàn)在分詞形式做定語(yǔ)。如：learned professor (博學(xué)的教授) advanced mathematics (高等數(shù)學(xué))skilled / experienced / practised doctor (技藝嫻熟的 / 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的 / 有實(shí)踐經(jīng) 驗(yàn)的醫(yī)生)本單元出現(xiàn)的分詞如下：1、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)：1) One suggested answer is for farmers to limit the numbers of their cattle.2) Our class went on an organized trip to a forest3) We were given printed question papers.4) Whenever we found an unknown plant, we had to5) Our monitor and I remembered a programme that a well-known film director had made6) She said it was a well-kept secret.7) We had our picnic lunch in the forest next to a fallen tree.2、過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)：1) One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted2) We were all very interested to see the results.3) He must be lost.1. agree to do sth.agree on 就達(dá)成一致agree to +n.（plan, suggestion, arrangement）同意計(jì)劃、觀點(diǎn)等agree with sb./what one said 同意某人2. It (all) depends.=That (all) depends. 那得看情況（而定）。depend on/upon +n. + to do sth. 依賴；指望；視而定，取決于3. be worth +n. /doing(no passive voice)be worthy to do/of +n./doing/being done4. on the go 忙個(gè)不停；四處奔走；跑來(lái)跑去5. more than 不僅僅6. add to 增加add in （可分開(kāi)用）包括，算進(jìn)add-to-把添加/增加到add up to（不可用進(jìn)行式或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）總計(jì)共達(dá)；總之就是，意味著add up （可分開(kāi)用）合計(jì)，加起來(lái)；（口語(yǔ)）言之成理（不可用進(jìn)行式）eg, add the figures up If you add two and/to five, you get seven. The news added to his anxiety. These figures add up to fifty. His remarks added up to a condemnation of my plan.7. remind sb. about/of sth.remind sb. to do sth.remind sb. + that clause8. (not) dare to dodare (not) do9. seem to be thatseem + adj.seem to doIt seems that-It seems as if-10. have a need to do= need to do sth.11. stay in touch with=keep in touch with 和保持聯(lián)系12. no matter where引導(dǎo)讓步壯語(yǔ)從句whateverwhatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和名次性從句（主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句）13. call for 要求、需要14. in case在情況下，萬(wàn)一的話；以免，免得in case of萬(wàn)一，如果；在情況下in any case 無(wú)論如何，反正，不管怎樣in no case 決不，在任何情況下都不15. will be wearing將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某段時(shí)間一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)16. according to 按照；根據(jù)所說(shuō)17. take over接收；接管18. break down毀掉；壞掉；中止19. come up with 提出，給出20. take steps to do sth. 采取措施做