2019-2020年高中英語語法復(fù)習(xí) 第十三講 形容詞講練.doc
2019-2020年高中英語語法復(fù)習(xí) 第十三講 形容詞講練
語法精講 一、形容詞的用法
形容詞修飾名詞和不定代詞,表示人和事物的性質(zhì),特征或狀態(tài)。
1、形容詞修飾名詞,在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語,有時(shí)也作狀語,如:
China is a great country with a long history.
At last they got to the top of the hill, tired and hungry.
2、形容詞在句中的位置:形容詞作定語時(shí)一般放在名詞之前,如:
a beautiful girl, an interesting book.
但要注意下面幾種情況:
(1)如果兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí),和名詞的關(guān)系比較密切的形容詞,其位置就越靠近名詞,如:
a weak small young man.
The first beautiful little white Chinese wood bridge.
(冠詞+數(shù)詞+描繪形容詞+特征形容詞(大小—顏色—年齡)+名詞)
(2)修飾不定代詞的形容詞要位于不定代詞之后,如:
Is there anything important in the article?
(3)以前綴a-開頭的某些形容詞位于名詞之后,這樣的詞有
alike, alive, afraid, awake, aware, asleep等。
He caught a fish alive.
(4)用and或or連接形容詞短語可位于名詞之后,如:
There was a huge room simple and beautiful.
She has many pencils, blue and red.
二、復(fù)合形容詞:
1、數(shù)詞+名詞,如:one-child, two-hour, three-good,
2、數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞,如:six-inch-tall, seven-foot-wide
3、數(shù)詞+名詞-ed 如:one-eyed, two-faced, four-storeyed
4、形容詞+名詞,如:fall-time, first-rate, mid-term.
5、形容詞+名詞-ed 如:kind-hearted, noble-minded.
6、形容詞+-ing,如:good-looking, well-meaning.
7、形容詞/副詞+ed,如:new-born, well-dressed.
8、形容詞/副+形容詞,如:dark-blue, all-round.
9、名詞+-ing,如:life-saving ,man-eating
10、名詞+-ed如:hand-made, heart-broken
11、名詞+形容詞,如:world-famous, life-long
12、名詞+名詞,如:X-ray, English-language.
一般說來,形容詞加ly構(gòu)成副詞。但要注意下面這些詞是形容詞:
lively,lovely,friendly,orderly,timely,brotherly,fatherly,motherly,radely等。
三、形容詞的比較級和最高級的形式(略)
四、形容詞的比較等級的用法
1、用于兩者的比較“形容詞比較級+than”
The bridge is wider than that one.
2、兩者相比。如有of短語表示比較范圍。要在比較級前加the,
This plan is the more important of the two.
3、表示兩者同等程度的比較時(shí),其結(jié)構(gòu)是“as+形容詞原級+as”,否定式為“not as/so+形容詞原級+as”。
4、在形容詞比較級之前可用一個(gè)表示程度的狀語,如:
He is two yeas younger than Li Ping.
5、and連接兩個(gè)相同的比較級,表達(dá)越來越……,如:
Now the days are getting longer and longer.
6、“the比較級…,the比較級…”,表“越……就越”
The more trees we plant, the more beautiful our school will be.
7、最高級表示三者及三者以上的比較。
China is the largest country in Asia.
8、形容詞最高級前可以有一個(gè)狀語或定語,如:
The Pacific is by far the largest ocean in the world.
This is the second biggest power station in our country.
可替換much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not nearly 等。
9、比較級前可用一些表程度的狀語,如:
He works even harder than before.
(可替換,a lot, a bit, a little, still, much, far, by far, 等。)