高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 語法強(qiáng)攻 虛擬語氣課件.ppt

虛擬語氣,考點(diǎn)歸納,1.虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法,★在“Itis/was+形容詞或過去分詞+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)的主語從句中，表示命令、愿望、建議等，謂語動(dòng)詞為“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should也可省略。,如：Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisdesiredthatthisrule(should)bebroughttotheattentionofthestaff.,★動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語從句中，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)，從句中動(dòng)詞用過去式；表示與過去事實(shí)相反時(shí)，從句中動(dòng)詞用“had+過去分詞”；表示將來很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望時(shí)，從句中動(dòng)詞用“would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。如：HowIwishIwastherewithyou.IwishIhadn’tlostthechance.Iwishhewould/could/mightgowithustothetheatre.,★在wouldsooner,wouldrather等后面的賓語從句中動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用動(dòng)詞的過去式，已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用“had+過去分詞”。如：Iwouldsoonerheleftontheearliertrain.I’dratheryouwenttomorrow.I’dratheryouhadn’tdonethat.,★表示“建議、命令、要求、堅(jiān)決做”等動(dòng)詞（如suggest,demand,require,request,order,insist等）后的賓語從句中謂語常用“（should+）動(dòng)詞原形”。如：Isuggestyou(should)haveenoughsleep.Irecommendthateveryone(should)attendtheparty.,★虛擬語氣還可用在表示愿望、建議、命令、請(qǐng)求等的表語從句或同位語從句中，謂語用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should也可省略。如：Ouronlyrequestisthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.Hemadethedecisionthatnothing(should)holdhimback.,2.虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法,★虛擬語氣在if條件狀語從句中的用法：,★在錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句（即主句和從句所指的時(shí)間不一致）中，動(dòng)詞的形式需要根據(jù)表示的時(shí)間來調(diào)整。如：IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.Ifithadrainedlastnight,itmightbeverycoldtoday.Ifsheweretoleave,Iwouldhaveheardaboutit.,★含蓄條件句有時(shí)虛擬語氣的條件并不是直接通過條件句來表示，而是用一些詞或短語（如under,with,without,butfor等）或上下文暗示來說明。句中的虛擬語氣一般表示過去的情況，這種句子叫含蓄條件句。如：,Wecouldhavedonebetterundermorefavourableconditions(=ifwehadbeengivenmorefavourableconditions).Withoutyourhelp(=Ifyouhadn’thelpedme),Icouldn’thavesucceeded.Butfortheheavytraffic(=Ifthetraffichadnotbeensoheavy),wewouldhavearrivedearlier.Hewouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,buthehasbeensobusy(=ifhehadnotbeensobusy).,3.虛擬語氣中if的省略,如果條件從句的謂語中有were,had或should等詞，可將if省略，而把這幾個(gè)詞放在句首，其意義與帶有if的條件句相同。如：IfIweretodothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherway.→WereItodothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherway.,4.虛擬語氣在其它狀語從句中的用法,★在由asif或asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語中，虛擬語氣的形式為動(dòng)詞的過去式（be用were）或“had+過去分詞”。如：Sheiswalkingslowlyasifsheweretired.,★在由lest,forfearthat,incase等引導(dǎo)的從句中，虛擬語氣的形式為“should+動(dòng)詞原形”。如：IranasfastaspossiblelestIshouldbetoolate.★在由inorderthat,sothat或that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中，虛擬語氣的形式為“may/might/could+動(dòng)詞原形”。如：Inorderthateverybodymayunderstandit,writeitinsimplelanguage.,1.在if條件句中的用法Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI_____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had,D,常見考點(diǎn),2.特殊用法Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they_____secondthoughts.A.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad由Hadtheyknown可知，虛擬條件從句中省略了if，將had提前。從句與過去事實(shí)相反，所以主句謂語用“should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞”。,D,3.虛擬語氣在定語從句中的運(yùn)用Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe_____somethinginsteadofjusttalking.A.willdoB.hasdoneC.doD.did4.虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey_____alwayslate.A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen,D,A,5.虛擬語氣在asif/though引導(dǎo)的從句中的運(yùn)用Don’thandlethevaseasifit_____madeofsteel.A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen,B,從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Wewouldratherourdaughter_____athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.A.wouldstayB.hasstayedC.stayedD.stay,C,2._____themorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.A.DidhecatchB.ShouldhecatchC.HashecaughtD.Hadhecaught3.Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichthey_____awayinthepast.A.hadthrownB.willbethrowingC.werethrowingD.wouldhavethrown,D,D,5.IfMr.Dewey_____present,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.A.wereB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.was5.We_____backinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.A.areB.wereC.willbeD.wouldbe,B,D,6._____nomoderntelecommunications,wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.A.WerethereB.HadtherebeenC.IfthereareD.Iftherehavebeen7.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI_____it?A.haddoneB.havedoneC.didD.amdoing,A,A,8.Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,orthey_____toourhelp.A.wouldhavecomeB.couldcomeC.havecomeD.hadcome,A,鞏固練習(xí),根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示補(bǔ)全下列句子。1.She__________________________(不需要親自來)—aletterwouldhavebeenenough.2.Ilostyouraddress,otherwiseI_______________________(早就寫信給你了).3.Theyarealwaysmakingtrouble.Ithinkit’shightimethey_____________________(被教訓(xùn)一頓了).,needn’thavecomeinperson,would,weretaughtalesson,havewrittentoyou,4.HeinsistedI_________________(應(yīng)該打個(gè)車)andofferedtopayforit.5.Youradvicethatshe_______________________(等到下周)isreasonable.6.IshouldnothavemadefoolofyouifI__________________________(早想到你是認(rèn)真的).7.Ifyouhadspentmoretimepracticingmakingitbefore,you_______________________________(就能把它做得更好)now.,(should)takeataxi,(should)waittillnext,hadthoughtyouwereserious,wouldbeabletomake,week,itmuchbetter,1.DavidhasneverbeentoRome,buthetalksaboutitasifhe_____therehimself.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.isD.were2.Tomwasabsentfromtheparty.Otherwise,he_____wonderfulprograms.A.mustperformB.wouldperformC.musthaveperformedD.wouldhaveperformed,B,D,3.ThenewfilmdirectedbyStevenSpielbergwasveryinteresting.IwishI_____itwhenitwasfirstshownlastSunday.A.sawB.haveseenC.couldseeD.hadseen4.LuckilyIgottothejobinterviewontime,orI_____suchagoodchancetoenterthebigbusiness.A.musthavemissedB.mustmissC.wouldhavemissedD.wouldmiss,D,C,5.Ifyourbicycle_____beoutoforderwithinoneweek,wewouldexchangeitforanewone.A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.would6.Now,goodfriends,let’sdrinktoourhealthand_____weneverforgeteachother.A.mayB.mightC.mustD.will,B,A,7.AlltheevidencesuggestedJim_____themoney,butMrs.Smithsuggestedwe_____hisparentsaboutit.A.hadstolen;hadn’ttoldB.hadstolen;nottellC.steal;hadn’ttoldD.steal;nottell8.Theyorderedthatforeverytreecutdowntwomore_____beplanted.A.mustB.canC.couldD.should,B,D,9.Don’tforgetyourtutor’ssuggestionthatyou_____keepcreativeandimaginativeinordertomakesomethingdifferent.A.couldB.shouldC.mayD.need10.—Hereyouareatlast!—Butforthekindlady,I_____bewanderinginthestreetnow.A.wouldB.canC.mayD.must,A,B,11.Ifshehadn’tbeensentonabusinesstripbyherboss,she_____beherewithusnow,enjoyingtheshow.A.canB.wouldC.needD.must12.Itishightimethatwe_____theproblemthatouragingsocietybringstous.A.willrealizeB.haverealizedC.realizeD.realized,B,D,13.—DoyoumindifIturnontheTV?—I’dratheryou_____.A.don’tB.didn’tC.won’tD.hadn’t14.Theydemandedthatthegovernment_____makeeveryefforttoprotectthestudentsfrombeinghurtinschool.A.mightB.shouldC.mustD.can,B,B,