2019屆中考英語復習 第一篇 語言基礎知識 第12課 八下 Units 5-6基礎知識.doc

第12課 八下 Units 56課前預熱中考詞匯拓展重點易錯單詞1. alarm 鬧鐘2. window 窗3. against 倚；碰撞；反對4. fallen 倒下的；落下的5. realize 理解；領會；認識到6. pupil 學生7. date 日期8. weak 虛弱的；無力的9. remind 提醒；使想起10. excite 使激動；使興奮11. couple 夫妻；兩個；兩件事物12. smile 微笑13. marry 結婚14. nobody 沒有人15. husband 丈夫16. whole 全部的；整體的17. voice 聲音18. rise/rose/risen 升起；增加；提高詞匯拓展1. heavy（adj.） heavily （adv.）在很大程度上；大量地2. sudden（adj.） suddenly （adv.）突然；忽然3. wind（n.） windy （adj.）多風的4. wood（n.） wooden （adj.）木制的；木頭的5. beat（v.） beat （過去式） beaten （過去分詞）敲打；打敗6. sleep（v.） asleep （adj.）睡著的 sleepy （adj.）困乏的7. fall（v.） fell （過去式）倒下；落下 fallen （過去分詞）（adj.）倒下的；落下的 falling （現(xiàn)在分詞）8. ice（n.） icy （adj.）覆蓋著冰的；冰冷的9. complete（adj.） completely （adv.）徹底地；完全地10. silence（n.） silent （adj.）不說話的；沉默的11. recent（adj.） recently （adv.）不久前；最近12. shoot（v.） shot （過去式/過去分詞）射擊；發(fā)射13. hide（v.） hid （過去式） hidden （過去分詞）隱蔽；隱藏14. magic（adj.） magical （adj.）有魔力的；有神奇力量的 magician （n.）魔術師15. excite（v.） excited （adj.）感到激動的；感到興奮的 exciting （adj.）使人興奮的；令人激動的 excitement （n.）激動；興奮16. west（n.） Western （adj.）西方國家的；（尤其）歐美的；西方的17. gold（n. & adj.） golden （adj.）金色的18. wife（n.） wives （pl.）妻子19. lead（v.） leader （n.）領導者；指揮者 led （過去式/過去分詞）帶路；領路20. rise（v.） rose （過去式） risen （過去分詞）升起；增加；提高21. strange（adj.） stranger （n.）陌生人22. brave（adj.） bravely （adv.）勇敢地中考詞組短語詞 組1. go off發(fā)出響聲2. pick up接電話；撿起3. fall asleep睡著4. die down逐漸消失5. make ones way前往；費力地前進6. in silence沉默7. take down拆除8. at first首先9. a little bit silly有點愚蠢10. instead of代替11. fall in love愛上12. get married結婚13. at the time of the rainstorm在下暴風雨時14. be busy doing/with忙于做15. make sure確保16. in a mess亂成一團17. help each other in times of difficulty 在困難時互相幫助18. be in bad shape變形19. wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事20. be completely shocked完全震驚21. have meaning to sb. 對某人來說有意義22. have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困難23. stop breathing停止呼吸24. be important to sb. 對某人來說重要25. be deeply moved/touched by. 被深深感動26. for the first time第一次27. make changes to ones shape and size改變形狀和大小28. keep fighting to help the weak堅持戰(zhàn)斗來保護弱者29. walk to the other side走到另一邊30. hear sb. doing sth. 聽到某人正在做某事31. in the moonlight在月光下32. not.until. 直到才33. be/get lost迷路中考句型回顧書面表達素材1. 事件的描述和評論People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.人們經常記得當他們聽到歷史上重大事件的消息時，他們在做什么。Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 當雨水開始激烈拍打窗戶的時候，本正在幫他媽媽做晚飯。They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together.他們加入了鄰居們，一起幫忙打掃社區(qū)。 Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together .盡管暴風雨使很多東西支離破碎，但它使家人和鄰居之間的關系更緊密了。2. 故事人物的描述和評論He can turn himself into different animals and objects. 他能把自己變成不同的動物和物體。But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard !Yu Gong kept trying and didnt give up . 但是故事試圖向我們說明：如果你努力工作，任何事情都是有可能的！愚公一直嘗試，從不放棄。 Once upon a time , there was an emperor.從前，有一個國王語法精萃Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 因為它們如此之大，以至于走到另一邊要花很長時間。（so.that.）You wont be successful unless you work hard. 除非你努力學習，否則你不會成功。（unless）Jenny was helping Mary with her homework while Linda wassleeping .當琳達在睡覺時，珍妮正在幫助瑪麗做作業(yè)。（過去進行時）We were eating dinner in the kitchen when we heard the news on the radio. 當我們在收音機上聽到這個消息時，我們正在廚房里吃飯。The boy opened his book as soon as the teacher came in.老師一進來這男孩就打開課本。（as soon as）課堂突破中考重點單詞與短語一、remind的用法【例句展示】The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music.這音樂使我想起了巴西舞曲。【精講辨析】1. remind of意為“提醒；使記起”。如：That song always reminds me of our English teacher.那首歌總讓我想起我們的英語老師。2. remind sb. to do sth. 意為“提醒某人做某事”。如：Please remind me to answer that letter.請?zhí)嵝盐一貜湍欠庑拧?. remind sb.+that從句。如：This story reminds us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen.這個故事提醒我們你永遠不可能知道什么是可能的，除非你盡力使它發(fā)生?！净顚W活用】根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。Action movies_ （使記起） me of Jackie Chan.二、interest的用法【例句展示】1. The boy has much interest in drawing.=The boy is interested in drawing.這男孩對畫畫很感興趣。2. He told me an interesting story.他告訴了我一個有趣的故事。【精講辨析】1. interest作名詞時，意為“興趣”，相關短語：a place of interest名勝古跡；作動詞時，意為“使感興趣”。2. interested是形容詞，意為“感興趣的”，相關短語：be interested in=take an interest in對感興趣。3. interesting是形容詞，意為“有趣的；令人感興趣的”，表示某物本身是有趣的?！净顚W活用】用interest的適當形式填空。1. The science story is so_that all of the boys show great_in it.2. If youre_in it, it will become easy.三、give up的用法【例句展示】1. His mother didnt give up trying to help him.他媽媽未放棄盡自己的努力去幫助他。2. I will try my best to give up smoking.我將盡最大努力戒煙?！揪v辨析】1. give up意為“放棄”，其后可接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式，但不能接不定式。2. 與give相關的短語還有：give back歸還；give away捐贈；give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.給某人某物；give sb. a hand幫助某人；give sb. a call 給某人打電話；give in屈服，讓步；give off發(fā)出氣味；give out分發(fā)?！净顚W活用】用適當?shù)脑~填空。1. I can tell you some ways to give_the bad habits.2. I need to give_some of these old baby clothes.3. You have no right to give my phone number_ him.4. He gave me_the money I lent him.四、way的用法【例句展示】1. People celebrate Halloween in many ways.人們用很多方式慶祝萬圣節(jié)。2. On my way home, I often buy school things from the shop.在回家的路上，我經常在這家店里買學習用品。3. When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school.本校籃球賽開始時，凱特仍然在前往學校的路上?！揪v辨析】way作名詞，意為“路；道路；方式；方法”。相關短語：in many ways用很多方式；in different ways用不同方式；in this way用這種方法；in the same way用同樣的方式；by the way順便問一下；on ones way home在某人回家的路上；the way to到的路；make ones way前往?！净顚W活用】用適當?shù)脑~或短語填空。1. Would you please show me the way_ the bank?Yes, go straight ahead. Its across from a school.2. Do more exercise after class, and_you will become healthier and stronger soon.五、against的用法【例句展示】1. Our teacher asked us to write down the reasons against becoming a professional athlete.我們老師要我們寫下反對成為專業(yè)運動員的理由。2. There is a ladder against the wall.有一架梯子靠在墻上。【精講辨析】against是介詞，意為“反對；和交戰(zhàn)（競爭、比賽）；不利于；依靠著”，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。其反義詞為for，意為“贊成；支持”。相關短語：play against與打對抗賽?！净顚W活用】根據(jù)漢語意思翻譯句子。1. 沒人反對這個提議。No one_the proposal.2. 紅旗在藍天的襯托下顯得分外鮮艷。Red flags stand out brightly_the blue sky.六、finish doing的用法【例句展示】1. As soon as the man finished talking, Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died.這個人一說完，愚公就說，他死后他的家人將繼續(xù)移山。2. When will he finish his college course? 他何時大學畢業(yè)？【精講辨析】1. finish此處為及物動詞，意為“完成”，其后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。2. 與finish一樣，在與動詞連用時，只能用動名詞形式作賓語的常見動詞及短語有：enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事practice doing sth. 練習做某事keep （on） doing sth. 繼續(xù)/一直做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事have fun doing sth. 高興地做某事feel like doing sth. 想要做某事look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事【活學活用】用所給詞的適當形式填空。May I have a rest? I have already finished （write） the report.中考重點句型一、What were you doing when the rainstorm came?當暴風雨來的時候，你在做什么？【例句展示】1. When the teacher came in, we were talking.當老師進來的時候，我們正在討論。2. While we were talking, the teacher came in.當我們正在討論的時候，老師進來了。3. My mother was cooking while my father was washing the car.當爸爸在洗車時，媽媽正在做飯。4. Could you please look after my flowers while I am out?當我出去時，你能照顧一下我的花嗎？【歸納提高】1. “was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞”為過去進行時態(tài)的結構，表示過去某一時間里正在發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2. when與while都可引導時間狀語從句，意為“當時”，但也有區(qū)別。（1）when既指時間點，也可指時間段；從句中的動詞可以是終止性動詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動詞；從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生；主句用過去進行時，從句用一般過去時。（2）while只指時間段；從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作發(fā)生的過程中或主從句兩個動作同時發(fā)生；若從句與主句動作同時發(fā)生，主從句都用進行時。（3）when和while還可作并列連詞。when表示“在那時”；while表示“而；卻”，表對照關系。（4）when可以用于表示“一就”的句型中，若主句為一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。【活學活用】A）用適當?shù)脑~填空。1._I was in the US, I made a lot of American friends.B）用所給詞的適當形式填空。2. I phoned you at 7:00 this morning. But there was no answer.Well, maybe I_（do） morning exercises at that time.3. He_（read） a book when the rainstorm came.二、so.that.如此以至于【例句展示】The mountains were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.山是如此之大以至于走到山的另一邊要花費很長時間。【歸納提高】1. so.that.在這里引導結果狀語從句，表示“如此以至于”，so是副詞，后面常跟形容詞或副詞，that后面是表示結果的狀語從句。如：Tony runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.托尼跑得非?？欤瑳]有人能追上他。2. such.that.也表示“如此以至于”，such后面跟名詞。如：He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.他非常聰明，大家都喜歡他?！净顚W活用】用適當?shù)脑~填空。1. It was_lovely weather_we decided to spend the day on the beach.2. I was_scared_I couldnt move.三、What a long time you slept in the forest!你們在森林里睡了那么久！【例句展示】1. What an interesting story!=How interesting the story is!多么有趣的故事！2. What wonderful ideas （we have）!（我們有）多么好的主意啊！3. How time flies!時間過得多么快?。　練w納提高】感嘆句通常由what, how引導，表示贊美、驚訝、喜、怒、哀、樂等感情色彩。what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞。感嘆句結構主要有以下幾種：What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+（主語+謂語）！What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+（主語+謂語）！What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+（主語+謂語）！How+形容詞或副詞！How+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語！How+主語+謂語！【活學活用】用適當?shù)脑~填空。1. Did you enjoy the party last night?Very much._wonderful the party was!2._good advice the teacher gave me!四、It doesnt seem very possible to move amountain.移山似乎是不太可能的。【例句展示】1. He seems very angry.=He seems to be very angry. 他好像非常生氣。2. Tom seems （to be） a very clever boy. 湯姆看上去是一個非常聰明的男孩。3. Mrs. Green doesnt seem to like the idea. 格林夫人似乎不太喜歡這個主意。4. It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.似乎沒有人知道在公園里發(fā)生了什么事。5. There doesnt seem to be much hope of our beating that team.看來我們戰(zhàn)勝那個隊沒有多大希望。6. There seems no need to wait longer. 看來沒有再等的必要了?！練w納提高】1. seem此處作連系動詞，意為“似乎；好像”，后跟形容詞作表語，可以和seem to be相互轉換。2. “主語+seem+（to be）+表語”結構中，表語多為名詞或形容詞，以說明主語的特征或狀態(tài)。3. “主語+seem+不定式”結構中，seem與不定式一起構成復合謂語。4. “It seems+that從句”結構中，it是形式主語，that引導主語從句。5. “There+seem to be+名詞”結構中，to be可省略，seem的單復數(shù)要由后面的名詞決定?！净顚W活用】用seem的適當形式填空。1. Mr. Black_to be quite happy yesterday.2. It_that he will not come again.中考詞語辨析一、whole與all【例句展示】1. I really want to know the whole story.我真的很想知道整個故事。2. Miss Green knew all the students in the class.格林小姐認識這個班上的所有學生。【辨異突破】1. whole用來修飾可數(shù)名詞（名詞用單數(shù)），強調一個完整如一、互不分割的整體。whole在句中的位置是放在所有格、冠詞和指示代詞后。2. all既能修飾可數(shù)名詞（名詞用復數(shù)），又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞，強調由一個個部分組成的“全部”。all在句中的位置是放在所有格、定冠詞和指示代詞之前?！净顚W活用】根據(jù)漢語意思翻譯句子。1. 他們將到加拿大度過整個假期。They will spend their_holiday in Canada.2. 吉姆在一個小時之內完成了所有的作業(yè)。Jim finished_his homework in an hour.二、hear sb. doing sth. 與 hear sb. do sth.【例句展示】1. I heard him singing when I walked past the shop yesterday. 昨天我路過商店時，聽見他正在唱歌。2. I often hear her sing in the evening.我經常聽見她在晚上唱歌。【辨異突破】1. hear sb. doing sth.意為“聽到某人正在做某事”，強調動作正在進行。2. hear sb. do sth.意為“聽到某人做了某事”或“經常聽到某人做某事”，強調動作的全過程，表示經常做或動作已經完成?！净顚W活用】用所給詞的適當形式填空。Is Tom in the next room?Well, its hard to say. But I heard him_（speak） loudly when I passed by just now.三、noise, voice與sound【例句展示】1. Tony heard some strange noises every night these days.這幾晚托尼聽到一些奇怪的聲響。2. There must be something wrong with the car. It makes lots of noise.這輛車一定是哪里壞了。它發(fā)出很多噪音。3. I heard the sound of running water.我聽到水流的聲音。4. Please speak in a louder voice. 請說響一點?！颈娈愅黄啤縩oise, voice和sound都與聲音有關，但也有區(qū)別。1. noise表示“噪音；吵鬧聲”，指的是人們不愿聽到的聲音、嘈雜聲。它可以作可數(shù)名詞，也可以作不可數(shù)名詞。2. sound泛指任何聲音，不論其高低、是否悅耳等。3. voice指人說話或歌唱的聲音?！净顚W活用】用noise, voice或sound填空。1. Stop making so much_ . The children are sleeping.2. He answered in a low_.3. Can you hear the_of children playing in the park?四、suit與fit【例句展示】1. The color/style of the shirt suits you best.這件襯衫的顏色/款式最適合你。2. The man doesnt suit our qualifications（條件）.這男的不符合我們的條件。3. The shoes dont fit him. Theyre too big.這鞋不適合他。它們太大了?！颈娈愅黄啤縮uit和fit都有“適合”之意，但用法卻不同。1. suit意為“適合”，指衣服、鞋等在顏色、款式、美觀上的適合，如例1，另外還指適合某人的要求，如例2。2. fit意為“適合”，指衣服、鞋等在尺寸上的適合，強調大小合適。【活學活用】用suit或fit的適當形式填空。The color of the dress_me well, but it doesnt_me. Please get me a larger size.五、sleep, sleepy, asleep與sleeping【例句展示】1. Be quiet. The old man is sleeping.安靜點。這老人在睡覺。2. It seems that you havent got enough sleep.看上去你睡眠不足。3. She suddenly started to feel very sleepy.她突然覺得非常困倦。4. Is the baby still asleep?這小孩還在睡嗎？5. Did you take the sleeping bag with you?你帶著這個睡袋嗎？【辨異突破】1. sleep為動詞，意為“睡；睡覺”，強調“睡”這種狀態(tài)，如例1。也可用作名詞，如例2。2. sleepy為形容詞，意為“困倦的；瞌睡的”，表示要睡的狀態(tài)。3. asleep為形容詞，意為“睡著的”，強調熟睡的狀態(tài)，常和fall連用。4. sleeping為動名詞，常作定語，說明所修飾的名詞的性質或作用。如：sleeping bag睡袋；sleeping car臥鋪車廂【活學活用】用sleep的適當形式填空。1. Please turn off the TV. The baby_ .OK, Ill go out for a walk.2. I feel a little_now because I went to_ late last night.3. He was so tired that he fell_soon.六、take, cost, spend與pay【例句展示】1. It takes me three hours to do my homework.做作業(yè)花了我三個小時。2. The shirt cost me $20.這件襯衫花了我20美元。3. He spent two days collecting the information.他花了兩天時間收集信息。4. Mr. Green paid $10 for his bill.格林先生為他的賬單付了10美元?！颈娈愅黄啤縯ake, cost, spend和pay都是動詞，都有“花費”的意思，但用法不同。1. It takes sb. some time to do sth.是常用句型，意為“某人花費多少時間干某事”，其中it是形式主語，to do sth.為動詞不定式作真正的主語。2. cost通常用某物來作主語，表示“（某物）值；花費”，通常指花費金錢。3. spend通常用人作主語，表示“（某人）花費；付出”，可指花費時間或金錢，指時間時常與in搭配（in可省略），后接動詞-ing形式，指金錢時常與on搭配。4. pay作動詞時，通常也用人作主語，但一般指花錢、付款等，常與for搭配使用?！净顚W活用】用take, cost, spend或pay的適當形式填空。1. The new bike_me 300 yuan.2. We_two days in repairing this machine.3. James_a lot of money on CDs because he likes listening to music very much.4. They_70 yuan for the tickets.5. It_me several hours to get there last Sunday.當堂檢測一、用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. The mens_ （妻子） are waiting for them at the bus stop.2. Look at the sun. It is_ （照耀） brightly.3. When the children were climbing the mountains, a shake_（sudden） appeared and scared them.4. This opera is one of the cultural symbols of_（west） civilization.5. The photo_ （提醒） me of my old school days.二、用方框中所給詞的適當形式填空，每詞限用一次。 fall true pupil tower against 1. Some ads dont tell us the_at all.2. Are you for or_the idea?3. He was tired and_asleep soon.4. He is one of the most popular_in our school.5. She remembers working in her office near the two_. hide marry husband silk lead 6. Who_you here?This lady did.7. They got_in xx and had two children.8. When I went in, the kids_themselves behind the door.9. The scarf is made of_ .10. The young wives said goodbye to their_ at the airport.三、根據(jù)短文內容和所給漢語提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。On October 6th, a terrible typhoon（臺風） made its way to our city. At night, the news on TV 1_（報道） that a heavy typhoon was in our 2_（地區(qū)；地域）. We could hear strong 3_（風） outside our home. It beat our doors 4_（重重地） with no 5_（光；光線） inside.I couldnt fall 6_（睡著的） at 7_（首先；最初）. My son was so scared that he took out the flashlight and put some 8_（火柴） on the table. I covered the 9_（窗戶） with cloth to stop the rain into my house. We were busy protecting our house against the typhoon. The second day, when we went out, we found our neighborhood in a 10_（雜亂；不整潔）.參考答案課堂突破【中考重點單詞與短語】 一、remind二、1. interesting, interest 2. interested三、1. up 2. away 3. to 4. back四、1. to 2. in this way五、1. is against 2. against六、writing【中考重點句型】 一、1. While/When 2. was doing 3. was reading二、1. such, that 2. so, that 三、1. How 2. What四、1. seemed 2. seems【中考詞語辨析】 一、1. whole 2. all二、speaking 三、1. noise 2. voice 3. sound四、suits, fit五、1. is sleeping 2. sleepy, sleep 3. asleep六、1. cost 2. spent 3. spends 4. paid 5. took當堂檢測一、1. wives 2. shining 3. suddenly 4. western5. reminds 二、1. truth 2. against 3. fell 4. pupils 5. towers6. led 7. married 8. hid 9. silk 10. husbands三、1. reported 2. area 3. wind 4. heavily 6. light 6. asleep 7. first 8. matches 9. windows10. mess