2019屆中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 第一篇 語言基礎(chǔ)知識 第6課 八上 Units 1-3基礎(chǔ)知識.doc

第6課 八上 Units 13課前預(yù)熱中考詞匯拓展重點(diǎn)易錯單詞1. mind 頭腦；心智2. everyone 每人；人人3. seem 好像；似乎4. umbrella 雨傘5. enough 充足的；足夠的6. housework 家務(wù)勞動；家務(wù)事7. hardly 幾乎不8. maybe 大概；或許9. although 雖然10. through 以；憑借；穿過11. magazine 雜志；期刊12. almost 幾乎；差不多13. necessary 必需的14. both 兩個都15. grade 成績等級16. heart 內(nèi)心；心臟17. share 共用；分?jǐn)?8. information 信息；消息（不可數(shù)名詞）詞匯拓展1. wonder（v. & n.） wonderful （adj.）極好的2. bore（v. & n.） boring （adj.）無聊的；令人厭煩的 bored （adj.）厭倦的；煩悶的3. enjoy（v.） enjoyable （adj.）有樂趣的；令人愉快的4. activity（n.） activities （pl.）活動5. decide（v.） decision （n.）決定；決心6. build（v.） built （過去式/過去分詞）建造 building （n.）建筑物7. trade（n. & v.） trader （n.）商人8. wait（v.） waiter （n.）男服務(wù)員；侍者 waitress （n.）女服務(wù)員9. hunger（n.） hungry （adj.）饑餓的10. like（v. & n.） dislike （反義詞）不喜愛（的事物）；厭惡（的事物）11. break broke （過去式） broken （過去分詞）（使）破；裂；碎；損壞12. die（v.） death （n.）死；死亡 dead （adj.）死的 dying （現(xiàn)在分詞）13. little（adj.） less （比較級）較少的；更少的 least （最高級）最少的；最小的14. much/many（adj.） more （比較級）更多（的） most （最高級）最多（的）；大多數(shù)（的）15. loud（adj.） loudly （adv.）喧鬧地；大聲地；響亮地16. quiet（adj.） quietly （adv.）輕聲地；輕柔地；安靜地17. compete（v.） competition （n.）比賽；競賽；競爭 competitor （n.）參賽者；競爭者18. clear（adj.） clearly （adv.）清楚地；清晰地；明白地19. win（v.） won （過去式/過去分詞）贏；獲勝；贏得 winner （n.）獲勝者；贏家20. talent（n.） talented （adj.）有才能的；能干的21. say（v.） saying （n.）諺語；格言22. laugh（v.） laughter （n.）笑聲23. true（adj.） truly （adv.）真正地；確實地 truth （n.）實情；事實中考詞組短語詞 組1. quite a few相當(dāng)多；不少2. of course當(dāng)然3. feel like sth./doing sth. 感受到；想要做4. long time no see好久不見5. go somewhere interesting去某個有趣的地方6. nothing.but. 只有；僅僅7. seem to be bored似乎感到無聊8. rain hard/heavily下大雨9. walk for another two hours再走兩小時10. like best最喜歡11. tell me to keep going叫我堅持下去12. jump up and down in excitement激動地跳上跳下13. at least至少14. such as例如15. more than多于16. less than少于17. twice a week每周兩次18. be good for my health對我的健康有益19. be healthy for the mind and the body身心健康20. go to the dentist for teeth cleaning去牙醫(yī)處洗牙21. sing more clearly唱得更清楚22. the one with shorter hair頭發(fā)較短的那位23. be talented in music音樂方面有天賦24. make me laugh使我笑25. be different from. 與不同26. bring out the best in me激發(fā)我的潛能27. much less hard-working不夠用功28. the same as. 和一樣29. in fact事實上30. be similar to. 與相像的中考句型回顧書面表達(dá)素材1. 旅行記事It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.這里陽光明媚而且天氣炎熱，因此我們決定去我們旅館附近的海灘。And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.而且因為糟糕的天氣，我們看不到底下的任何東西。It was my first time there, so everything was really interesting .這是我第一次去那里，所以一切真的很有趣。2. 日?；顒诱{(diào)查Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. Here are the results .上個月，我們問了一些學(xué)生關(guān)于他們的閑暇活動。以下是調(diào)查結(jié)果。We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)只有15%的同學(xué)每天鍛煉。 Old habits die hard . 舊習(xí)難改。 Its good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通過使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)或看游戲類節(jié)目來放松是很好的，但是我們認(rèn)為最好的放松方式是通過鍛煉。3. 交朋友My favorite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.”我最喜歡的諺語是“一個真正的朋友是向你伸出手并觸動你心靈的人?！盇 good friend truly cares about me. 好朋友會真正關(guān)心我。My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror. 我媽媽告訴我好朋友就像一面鏡子。But I think friends are like booksyou dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good. 但我認(rèn)為朋友像書（朋友）貴不在多而在好。We can talk about and share everything. 我們可以談?wù)摵头窒砻考虑?。語法精萃He hardly ever watches TV. 他幾乎從來不看電視。（頻度副詞）I bought nothing special. 我沒買什么特別的東西。（復(fù)合不定代詞）Tina is more outgoing than Tara. Tina比Tara更外向。（形容詞比較級）Huang Lei isnt as good at tennis as Larry. 黃蕾（打）網(wǎng)球不如Larry好。（as.as的用法）情景交際 Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪里度假了？I went to New York City. 我去紐約市了。 How was the food? 食物怎么樣？Everything tasted really good. 一切嘗起來皆美味。 How often do you go to the movies? 你多久看一次電影？I go to the movies once a month . 我一個月看一次電影。課堂突破中考重點(diǎn)單詞與短語一、health的用法【例句展示】1. She says its good for my health.她說這對我的健康有益。2. But Im pretty healthy. 但是我很健康?！揪v辨析】1. health作名詞，意為“健康”。2. healthy作形容詞，意為“健康的”。相關(guān)短語：keep healthy=stay healthy=keep fit保持健康；be in good health健康的。3. healthily作副詞，意為“健康地”?！净顚W(xué)活用】用health的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Eating less meat is good for our .2. We should eat less meat and more vegetables to keep .3. They never eat junk food. They eat .二、exercise的用法【例句展示】1. David exercises every morning.大衛(wèi)每天早晨進(jìn)行鍛煉。2. Its good to do eye exercises every day.每天做眼保健操是有益處的。3. We should take more exercise to keep healthy.我們應(yīng)該多做運(yùn)動來保持健康?！揪v辨析】exercise作動詞，意為“運(yùn)動；鍛煉”；作名詞，意為“體育鍛煉；運(yùn)動；體操；練習(xí)題”等。指具體運(yùn)動、體操或練習(xí)題時是可數(shù)名詞；泛指運(yùn)動時是不可數(shù)名詞?！净顚W(xué)活用】根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。1. Doing morning （早操） is good for our health.2. If you want to lose weight, you should（鍛煉） more and eat less.三、hardly的用法【例句展示】I hardly ever exercise.我?guī)缀醪诲憻?。【精講辨析】1. hardly作副詞，意為“幾乎不”。2. hardly是不含有not的否定詞，通常位于行為動詞前，be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后。注：hardly不是hard的副詞形式。hardly表頻率（5%）。表頻率的詞還有：never（0%）, sometimes（40%）, often（60%）, usually（90%）, always（100%）。3. hard作副詞時，意為“努力地；使勁地；大量地”，修飾下雨/雪時，相當(dāng)于heavily?！净顚W(xué)活用】用適當(dāng)?shù)念l率副詞填空。1. Do you often go to the gym?No, . I dont like sports at all.2. Can you pass my glasses to me, Betty? I can see the words on the blackboard.四、try的用法【例句展示】1. Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them.父母正試圖為他們的孩子規(guī)劃人生。2. We should try our best to protect the environment.我們應(yīng)該盡力保護(hù)環(huán)境。3. He is trying finishing the work by himself.他正試著獨(dú)自完成這項工作。4. Can I try on the dress?我可以試穿一下這條裙子嗎？5. I want to have a try.我想嘗試一下。【精講辨析】1. try作動詞，意為“試圖；設(shè)法；努力”。相關(guān)短語：try to do sth. 盡力去做某事；try ones best to do sth. 盡某人最大努力去做某事；try doing sth. 嘗試著去做某事。2. try on意為“試穿”，on是副詞，代詞必須放在on之前。3. try作名詞，意為“嘗試”。have a try意為“嘗試一下”。【活學(xué)活用】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Scientists are now trying （make） robots look like people.2. Why not try （do） it in another way?五、enough的用法【例句展示】1. I have enough money to buy a computer.我有足夠的錢去買一臺電腦。2. The room needs to be big enough for three people.房間必須夠大才能容納三個人。3. They have enough to do to finish the project.為了完成這個項目，他們有足夠多的事要做?！揪v辨析】1. enough作形容詞，意為“足夠的”，在句中可作定語和表語，作定語時通常放在所修飾名詞的前面。2. enough作副詞，意為“足夠地”，可修飾形容詞和副詞的原級，放在所修飾詞的后面。3. enough作代詞，意為“足夠；充足”。巧記：名前，形副后，enough足夠?！净顚W(xué)活用】根據(jù)漢語意思翻譯句子。1. 你出了那么多的錯，你做題不夠仔細(xì)。You made so many mistakes, youre not to do the exercises.2. 別擔(dān)心，我們有足夠的時間完成它。Dont worry, we have to finish it.中考重點(diǎn)句型一、How often do you exercise?你多久鍛煉一次？【例句展示】How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次電視？Twice a week.一周兩次?！練w納提高】1. how often意為“多久一次”。用來對頻率性副詞如：always, sometimes, often, usually等及頻率性短語如：every day, once a week等提問。如：How often do you have a sports meeting?你們多久開一次運(yùn)動會？Twice a year.一年兩次。2. how long意為“多長時間”。主要是對一段時間提問，另外how long還可以對物體的長度提問，意為“多長”。3. how soon意為“多久以后”，常用來對“in+時間段”進(jìn)行提問。4. how many意為“多少”，用來對可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問。5. how far意為“多遠(yuǎn)”，用于詢問兩地間的距離?！净顚W(xué)活用】用how often, how long, how soon或how many填空。1. do you play football?Once a week.2. has he lived there?Hes lived there for five years.3. will he finish his work?In three hours.4. birds can you see in the tree?Only one.二、Im louder than the other kids in my class.我比班上其他孩子的聲音更響亮?！纠湔故尽縄m more outgoing than my sister. 我比我的妹妹/姐姐更外向?！練w納提高】形容詞、副詞的比較級用來比較兩個人或物，比較級的結(jié)構(gòu)：在單音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)形容詞的詞尾加-er，在部分雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)的形容詞前加more；在形容詞后加than；通常用a little, much, even等修飾比較級?！净顚W(xué)活用】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Its much （good） to have a small lovely room than a big cold one.2. This story is interesting. That one is even（interesting）.三、Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉工作和蒂娜一樣努力?！纠湔故尽縇iu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.劉英不如她妹妹/姐姐擅長運(yùn)動。【歸納提高】.（not） as+形容詞/副詞原級+as.意為“和（不）一樣”，表示同級比較，注意后一個as為連詞，用來連接比較的對象，在否定句中此結(jié)構(gòu)還可說.not+so+形容詞/副詞原級+as.?！净顚W(xué)活用】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Lily isnt as （care） as Peter. She often makes mistakes in her composition.2. Tom listens as （care） as Jim in class. So they both get good grades.四、Its not easy for me to make friends.對我來說交朋友不容易。【例句展示】1. It is useful to learn a second language.學(xué)一門第二語言很有用。2. It is important to be careful with fire.謹(jǐn)慎用火是很重要的。3. It is important not to give fish too much food.不要給魚喂食太多，這一點(diǎn)很重要。4. He is so smart, its easy for him to work it out.他很聰明，對他來說解出這道題很容易?！練w納提高】1. 表達(dá)對某事的看法或感受的句式：（1）It is+adj.+that從句.怎么樣。（2）It is+adj.+（not） to do sth.（不）做某事怎么樣。2. 表達(dá)對某人做某事的看法的句式：It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.對某人來說做某事是的?！净顚W(xué)活用】根據(jù)漢語意思翻譯句子。1. 參加游泳俱樂部是很有趣的。 is interesting the swimming club.2. 別靠近蛇是很重要的。Its important near the snake.3. 對學(xué)生來說學(xué)會怎樣面對困難是必要的。 necessary students how to face difficulties.中考詞語辨析一、sometimes, some times, sometime與some time【例句展示】1. I sometimes go to school in my fathers car.我有時坐我爸的車上學(xué)。2. I have seen the movie some times.這部電影我已經(jīng)看了幾遍了。3. I want to go to Japan sometime.有朝一日我要去日本。4. The boy sat there and waited for you for some time.那男孩坐在那兒等你有一會兒了。【辨異突破】1. sometimes=at times，為頻率副詞，意為“有時”，表示動作發(fā)生的不經(jīng)常性。2. some times意為“幾次；幾倍”，time此處為可數(shù)名詞，意為“次數(shù)；倍數(shù)”。3. sometime作副詞，意為“在某時；有朝一日”，指將來或過去的一個不確定的時間。4. some time指“一段時間”，time此處為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“時間”。巧記：有s是有時，有時分開是幾次；無s是某時，某時分開是一段?！净顚W(xué)活用】用sometimes, some times, sometime或some time填空。1. Try your best, your dream will come true in the future.2. The telephone has rung , why not answer it?3. They had discussed the problem for , but they still couldnt solve it.4. Usually I ride to work, but I walk.二、hard與hardly【例句展示】1. Its hard for me to finish the work.完成這項工作對我來說很困難。2. Im so tired that I can hardly walk any farther.我太累了，簡直不能再走下去了。【辨異突破】hard作副詞時，用來修飾動詞，意為“努力地；使勁地；大量地”，還可作形容詞，意為“困難的”，與difficult同義，反義詞是easy；hardly也是副詞，意為“幾乎不；簡直不”，相當(dāng)于almost not，表否定?！净顚W(xué)活用】用hard或hardly填空。1. Now most parents push their children very to study .2. There was anything left after they left.3. It rained last night.三、both, neither與either【例句展示】1. I like both of the stories.這兩個故事我都喜歡。2. Neither of the boys is/are from England.這兩個男孩都不是來自英國。3. When shall we go, on Saturday or Sunday?我們什么時候去，星期六還是星期天？Either is OK. Im free this weekend.哪天都行。這個周末我有空?！颈娈愅黄啤?. both指“兩者都”，作主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。both.and.表示“與兩者都”，作主語時，謂語動詞仍用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2. neither意為“兩者都不”，單獨(dú)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。neither.nor.表示“既不也不”，作主語時，謂語動詞遵循就近原則。3. either是指“兩者中的任意一方；每一個”，單獨(dú)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。either.or.表示兩者選其一，意為“要么要么”，作主語時，謂語動詞遵循就近原則?！净顚W(xué)活用】用both, neither或either填空。1. Which of the two shirts do you like better?Its hard to say. are OK.2. Who will go to the party, Jim or Bill? . They have a soccer match at that time.3. Which would you like, tea or coffee? is OK, I dont mind.四、beat與win【例句展示】1. He always beats me in tennis.他打網(wǎng)球總是贏我。2. He won a game.他勝一局?！颈娈愅黄啤?. beat作動詞，意為“打敗”。beat后可接人或隊名，表示“擊敗對手”。2. win作動詞，意為“贏得（某個項目）”，后面常接match, game, prize等。【活學(xué)活用】用beat或win的適當(dāng)形式填空。We Class 3, and the table tennis match last Friday.Congratulations to you!五、none, nobody, nothing與no one【例句展示】1. None of us wants/want to go hiking.我們都不想去遠(yuǎn)足。2. There is nobody/no one in the room.房間里沒人。3. They tried to find some food in the bag, but they found none.他們試著在包里找些食物，但什么也沒找到。4. They open the bag, but there is nothing in it.他們打開包，但里面沒有任何東西?！颈娈愅黄啤?. none指三者或三者以上的“沒有；都不”，既可指人也可指物，常與of連用。既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。接可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)均可；與不可數(shù)名詞連用時，謂語動詞則用單數(shù)形式。回答how many/how much的問句用none，意為“一個都沒有；一點(diǎn)也沒有”。2. nobody相當(dāng)于no one，意為“沒人”，只可指人，不能與of連用。作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。回答who的問句用nobody/no one。3. nothing=not.anything，意為“沒有東西”，只指物，不能與of連用。作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。回答what的問句用nothing?！净顚W(xué)活用】用none, nobody, nothing或no one填空。1. How many birds can you see in the tree? . All the birds have flown away.2. I knocked on the door, but answered.3. of the food tastes delicious in the shop. Lets try another shop.OK.4. What else do you want?. I think I have got everything ready.六、get to, arrive at/in與reach【例句展示】1. When did you get to the train station yesterday?你昨天什么時候到達(dá)火車站的？2. He arrived in Nanning last week.他上個星期到達(dá)南寧。3. Please send me a short message when you reachBeijing.當(dāng)你到北京的時候，請發(fā)個短信給我?！颈娈愅黄啤克恼叨家鉃椤暗竭_(dá)”，但也有區(qū)別。1. arrive+in+大地方（國家、城市等）。2. arrive+at+小地方（村莊、車站、碼頭等）。3. get to+地點(diǎn)名詞。4. reach+地點(diǎn)名詞。注：當(dāng)reach, arrive, get后接地點(diǎn)副詞here, there, home等時，不能接任何介詞。【活學(xué)活用】用get, arrive或reach的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. When I at the station, the train had left.2. As soon as she in New York, please give me a call.3. He often to his office ten minutes earlier.4. At last they the top of Mount Tai.中考寫作突破假日與旅游篇【話題解讀】該主題命題主要涉及節(jié)日習(xí)俗、節(jié)假日活動、旅游景點(diǎn)、旅游線路以及寫游覽日記等。此類試題主要利用要點(diǎn)提示的方式來考查。根據(jù)內(nèi)容的不同，文章可用一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時或一般過去時來描述。【常見表達(dá)】1. Id like to travel to somewhere relaxing this summer holiday.2. I think the Great Wall is one of the best places to visit.3. The Palace Museum is the most wonderful place I have ever visited.4. I hope you can provide me with some information about the customs of China.5. Beijing is well worth visiting.6. It is famous for its silk.7. We should pay attention to our safety.【典型例題】你的美國朋友John計劃暑假來中國旅游。請你根據(jù)以下圖示，用英語在QQ中給他留言，介紹并推薦你的家鄉(xiāng)福建，詞數(shù)：80左右。要求：（1）必須包含所有提示信息，開頭與結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；（2）意思清楚，表達(dá)通順，行文連貫，書寫規(guī)范；（3）請勿在文中使用真實的姓名、校名及提示信息以外的地名。Hi, John, Im glad to hear that youre planning to travel around China during the summer vacation. Id like to invite you to my hometown Fujian for a visit.Fujian lies Im looking forward to meeting you!【范文展示】Hi, John, Im glad to hear that youre planning to travel around China during the summer vacation. Id like to invite you to my hometown Fujian for a visit.Fujian lies in the southeast of China with Fuzhou as its capital city. It has a population of over 38 million. Because of the nice environment, its known as Refreshing Fujian, which attracts millions of tourists from home and abroad. If you come, you can enjoy fresh air, blue sky as well as beautiful mountains and clear rivers. Many famous places of interest like Mount Wuyi and Gulang Island are well worth visiting. Besides, you can taste various kinds of delicious foods.Im looking forward to meeting you!【亮點(diǎn)點(diǎn)評】1. 本文要點(diǎn)齊全，行文流暢。2. because of, if, as well as, besides的運(yùn)用使文章層次分明、條理清晰。3. 詞組be known as, millions of, be worth visiting, various kinds of的運(yùn)用使文章增色不少。當(dāng)堂檢測一、用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，每詞限用一次。 talent clear something win try 1. All the singers sang in yesterdays singing competition.2. Sun Yang is in swimming.3. is difficult if you put your heart into it.4. Tom to eat lots of vegetables to keep healthy.5. He worked really hard and first prize.二、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給漢語提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。A farmer got a young apple tree from his friend. He was very pleased with the 1 （絕妙的） gift. When he got home, he 2 （想知道） where to plant it would be better. He thought and thought, finally he 3 （決定） to plant the tree in the woods where no one could see. However, without 4 （足夠的） sunlight and rich soil（土壤）, the tree died soon.Later the friend asked the farmer why he planted the tree in such a poor place but not5 （任何地方） rich. The farmer 6 （好像） angry. “If I planted the tree near the 7 （小山） or in one of my fields, people would 8 （設(shè)法） to steal（偷） some of the apples,” he said.“Yes,” said the friend. “But there is a（n） 9 （差別）. If you planted it in one of your fields, at least 10 （某人） could enjoy the fruit. Now you not only have no fruit but also destroy（毀壞） a good apple tree!”三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Mo Yan is one of the greatest （write） in China.2. Tom, be careful with the knife, or you may hurt （you）.3. If the weather is wet or cold tomorrow, you can choose some indoor （active）.4. When the （win） of the World Cup returned home, they were warmly welcomed.5. She sings（clear） than her sister.6. The dog last year. Its made me sad. （dead）7. The boy is much too heavy. He must eat more vegetables and （little） meat.8. “Time is money” is one of my favorite （say）.參考答案課堂突破【中考重點(diǎn)單詞與短語】 一、1. health 2. healthy 3. healthily二、1. exercises 2. exercise三、1. never 2. hardly四、1. to make 2. doing五、1. careful enough 2. enough time【中考重點(diǎn)句型】 一、1. How often 2. How long 3. How soon 4. How many二、1. better 2. more interesting三、1. careful 2. carefully四、1. It, to join 2. not to go 3. Its, for, to learn【中考詞語辨析】 一、1. sometime 2. some times 3. some time 4. sometimes二、1. hard, hard 2. hardly 3. hard三、1. Both 2. Neither 3. Either四、beat, won 五、1. None 2. no one/nobody 3. None 4. Nothing六、1. arrived 2. arrives 3. gets 4. reached當(dāng)堂檢測一、1. clearly 2. talented 3. Nothing 4. tries5. won二、1. wonderful 2. wondered 3. decided 4. enough 5. anywhere 6. seemed 7. hill 8. try9. difference 10. someone三、1. writers 2. yourself 3. activities 4. winners5. more clearly 6. died, death 7. less 8. sayings