2019中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 知識講與練 形容詞和副詞.doc

形容詞和副詞In those boring years, all the beautiful things in my life were hidden, and now they are displayed in front of me.My existence has a new meaning. Failure is no longer my constant companion.Not long ago, since I began to remember that smile, emptiness, loneliness, weakness, sadness, annoyance and disappointment were no longer there.Others also smile to me and care for me.New words1.displayed[d?sple?d] v陳列;顯示( display的過去式和過去分詞 );2.existence[?g?z?st?ns] n.存在，3.constant [?k?nst?nt] adj.不斷的，持續(xù)的;永恒的4.companion [k?m?pni?n] n.同伴5.emptiness[?emptin?s] n.空虛6.loneliness[l??nl?n?s] n.孤獨(dú)，寂寞7.weakness[?wi:kn?s] n.弱點(diǎn)，軟弱8.sadness[?sdn?s] n.悲哀，憂傷，9.annoyance [??n???ns] n.惱怒，煩惱譯文：在那些無聊的歲月中，我生命中一切美好的東西都隱藏起來，現(xiàn)在它們一一展現(xiàn)在我眼前。

我的生存有了新的意義失敗不再是我的常伴不久前，從我開始記住微笑時起，空虛、孤獨(dú)、無力、悲傷、煩惱和失望就不復(fù)存在了別人也同樣向我微笑，對我關(guān)懷講義綱要：1，本講課程主要涉及形容詞副詞的用法和特殊使用情況； 2，教學(xué)任務(wù)：掌握形容詞副詞的用法、考點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)知識概況：1，形容詞（Adjective）主要用來描寫或修飾名詞或代詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、特征 或?qū)傩?，常用作定語，也可作表語、補(bǔ)語或狀語 2，副詞（Adverb 簡稱adv.）是指在句子中表示行為或狀態(tài)特征的詞，用以修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句，表示時間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念副詞可分為：時間副詞、頻率副詞、地點(diǎn)副詞、方式副詞、程度副詞、疑問副詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系副詞、表順序的副詞知識站點(diǎn)： 初中英語知識考點(diǎn)一覽表 12345678910111213141516句子結(jié)構(gòu)時態(tài)語態(tài)名詞冠詞代詞形副介詞數(shù)詞連詞非謂語動詞情態(tài)動詞賓語從句定語從句簡單句情景交際知識精講：形容詞副詞一、形容詞命題趨勢：形容詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識點(diǎn)從考查形式看，一般有單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空、詞語運(yùn)用等。

所占分值通常為2～4分從命題意圖看，側(cè)重考查考生在具體語言環(huán)境中使用形容詞的能力考試重點(diǎn)：中考試題對形容詞的考查涉及形容詞原級，比較級和最高級的各種句型、形容詞作定語的位置、易混淆的形容詞用法辨析等其中，形容詞比較等級句型、形容詞修飾不定代詞something，anything，everything，nothing時的位置，易混淆的形容詞用法辨析等是考查的熱點(diǎn)1、 形容詞的一般用法1.作定語，一般放在所修飾詞的前面 例如，It’s a cold and windy day.2.作表語，放在系動詞的后面 例如，He looks happy today.3.形容詞修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等復(fù)合不定代詞時，須放在其后 例如，would you like something hot to drink？4. 表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞，應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)的名詞之后 例如，how long is the river？ it’s about two hundred metres long.5.只能作表語的形容詞：afraid害怕；alone獨(dú)自的；asleep睡著的；awake醒著的；alive活著的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的6.只能作定語的形容詞：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木質(zhì)的；woolen羊毛質(zhì)的；elder年長的7.貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely獨(dú)自的；friendly友好的；lively生動的；lovely可愛的8.復(fù)合形容詞：snow-white雪白的 English-speaking說英語的；glass-topped玻璃罩的;full-time全日制的；well-known眾所周知的；kind-hearted善良的；man-made人造的；take-away可以帶走的；ten-year-old十歲的。

二、多個形容詞修飾名詞時，其順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~(冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、數(shù)詞)——描繪詞(大小，長短，形狀，新舊，長幼，顏色)——出處——材料性質(zhì)——類別——名詞口訣一：限定描繪長大高，形狀年齡和新老；顏色國籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠口訣二；美小圓舊黃，中國木書房注：“美”代表“描述或性質(zhì)類”形容詞；“小”代表“大小、長短、高低、胖瘦類” 形容詞；“圓”代表“形狀類” 形容詞；“舊”代表“新舊、年齡類” 形容詞；“黃”代表“顏色類” 形容詞；“中國”代表“來源、國籍、地區(qū)、出處類” 形容詞；“木”代表“物質(zhì)、材料、質(zhì)地類” 形容詞；“書”代表“用途、類別、功能、作用類” 形容詞；“房”代表“中心名詞”.例如：two beautiful new green silk evening dress 兩件又新又漂亮的絲綢女士晚禮服；that hungry, tired, sleepy little match girl 那個饑餓、疲勞、困倦的賣火柴的小女孩；an old large brick dining hall 一個舊的紅磚砌的大餐廳.　a small round table一張小圓桌a tall white building一幢高大的白色建筑物　　a dirty old black shirt一件又臟又舊的黑色襯衣a famous American medical school一個非常著名的美國醫(yī)學(xué)院口訣三：“限觀形齡色國材”3、 形容詞常用句型1.“it’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么樣”。

　　注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有禮貌的)，clever(聰明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懶惰的)，careful(細(xì)心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正確的)，wrong(錯誤的)等　　例如，it’s very kind of you to help me.(=you are very kind to help me.)你能幫助我，真好1.“it’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么樣”　　注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有禮貌的)，clever(聰明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懶惰的)，careful(細(xì)心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正確的)，wrong(錯誤的)等　　例如，it’s very kind of you to help me.(=you are very kind to help me.)你能幫助我，真好。

注意：這一句型中常用的形容詞有important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困難的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艱難的)，dangerous(危險的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒適的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等　　例如，it’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=to learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)對于他們來說學(xué)好一門外語不容易二、副詞考查重點(diǎn):中考試題對副詞的考查涉及常用副詞的用法、副詞等級的各種句型、易混淆的副詞用法辨析等其中，頻度副詞always，often，usually，sometimes，never，時間副詞already，yet，still，just，疑問副詞how，why，when，where，程度副詞enough，quite以及too，also，either等的用法區(qū)別，副詞比較等級句型是考查的熱點(diǎn)一、副詞的分類　　副詞按詞匯意義可分為：　　方式副詞：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly　　程度副詞：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite　　地點(diǎn)副詞：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home，　　時間副詞：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still　　頻度副詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never　　否定副詞：no，not，neither，nor，　　疑問副詞：where，how，why　　其他：also，too，only形容詞，副詞的比較級、最高級 規(guī)則變化（略）隨堂訓(xùn)練：選擇填空：1.Peter looked ___ when he learned that he hadn’t passed the final exam.A, sadly B, sad C, happily D, happy2.Jack did badly at the school sports meeting. I did even ___. A, worse B, worst C, more bad D, more badly3.Billy, is your mother cooking meat in the kitchen? It smells so ___!A, well B, badly C, nice D, pretty4.The car stopped so ___ that the bus behind almost ran into it.A, closely B, immediately C, suddenly D, soon5.We must finish cleaning the office ___.A, as soon as possible B, as quickly as soon C, as possible as soon D, as soon as possibly6.What she said this time sounds ___.A, pleasantly B, nicely C, friendly D, truly7.I didn’t work ___ my brother when I was young.A, as hard as B, harder C, hardest D, hardly8.I’m going to move ___. It’s too noisy in our neighbourhood.A, somewhere quiet B, quiet somewhere C, anywhere D, quiet anywhere9.Last year, 15 typhoons (臺風(fēng)) hit China and Khanun was ___.A, strong B, strongest C, stronger D, the strongest10.It’s a good habit to keep the classroom ___ all the time.A, cleanly B, clearly C, clear D, clean11.When class was over, our maths teacher came into the classroom and said, “Please stay at your seat. I have got ___ to announce.”A, nothing important B, important something C, important nothing D, something important12.In the exam, the ___ you are, the ___ mistakes you’ll make.A, less careful, fewer B, more careful, less C, less careful, few D, more careful, fewer13.What is ___ joke you have ever heard?A, more funny B, the more funny C, the most funny D, the funniest14.This kind of material feels ___ silk.A, differently from B, the same to C, different as D, different from15.A recent survey showed that Jingjing and Huanhuan were ___ among the five Olympic mascots (吉祥物).A, popular B, more popular C, most popular D, the most popular16.A: Is there ___ in today’s newspaper? B: Yes. Shenzhou VI has been sent up into space successfully.A, nothing new B, anything new C, new nothing D, new anything17.Visitors in the orchard can eat as ___ fruit as they want.A, many B, more C, much D, most18.All of us were very ___ when we heard the ___ news.A, excited, exciting B, excited, excited C, exciting, exciting D, exciting, excited19.Eddie, my best frind ___ Ben.A, is as high as B, works as careful as C, doesn’t sing as beautifully as D, writes more better than20.Tom never does his homework ___ Alice. So he makes more mistakes. A, as carefully as B, so careful as C, less carefully than D, more careful than21.Water pollution is one of ___ in our country.A, serious problem B, the more serious problemsC, most serious problems D, the most serious problems22.The pizza was too small, so she decided to look for ___ to eat.A, large something B, something else C, something other D, other something23.We are too tired and hungry. So our steps are getting ___.A, slow and slower B, slower and slowest C, slower and slower D, more and more slowly24.Most children in our kindergarten like to play with Barbie girls. They look so ___.A, nicely B, happily C, beautifully D, lovely25.In winter, Chinese students like to kick the Jianzi (毽子) to keep themselves ___.A, warm B, warmly C, cold D, coldly26.In order to keep healthy, you should eat ___ fast food, ___ fresh vegetables and take enough excises.A, fewer, fewer B, fewer, more C, less, more D, less, fewer27.Don’t worry, My sister is ___ to take care of little Betty.A, enough carefully B, enough careful C, carefully enough D, careful enough28.Of all the students in our class, Jack is ___.A, taller B, tallest C, the tallest D, very tall29.In order to get full marks, Tim always does his lessons very ___.A, more carefully B, most carefully C, much carefully D, carefully30.A: Is there ___ in today’s newspaper?B: Yes. It says that President Hu Jintao has reached Washington.A, anything important B, any important thing C, important anything D, any thing important詞性變換：1.I don’t like him and it would be ______________ of me to do the opposite. (honest)2.Our holidays in Thailand were really ______________ and unforgettable. (enjoy)3.The government is doing everything possible to help those ______________ people after the earthquake. (home)4.Put on the glasses so that you can see the word on the blackboard ______________. (clear)5.The war made millions of people ______________. (home)6.What is the most ______________ animal in the forest? (power)7.It is ______________ to travel by train than by air. (cheap)8.It is ______________ for him to finish the job in two hours. He is so slow. (possible)9._________, over 28,000 civilians (平民) lost their lives during the three-year war in Iraq. (sad)10.I feel quite comfortable at home when it is raining ______________ outside. (heavy)11.Jack is such a ______________ fellow, for he always leaves this or that at the office. (forget)12.It is not ______________ to eat food with Sudan I (蘇丹紅1號). (safely)13.Lily is ______________ enough to get the prize in the xx Shanghai Junior High School English Contest. (luck)14.We’d better drive our cars ______________ on rainy days. (slow)15.One starry night, when the seven little dwarfs went back home from work, they found something ______________ at once. (usual)語音訓(xùn)正：雙元音/au/的例句1. If you sell the cow, you sell her milk too.殺雞取卵。

2. Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.知識使人謙卑，盲目使人自大3. Out of office, out of danger.無官一身輕雙元音/?i/的例句1. Spare the rod, spoil the child.不打不成器2. Every coin has two sides.凡事皆有兩面性。