從女權(quán)主義角度對比《紅樓夢》中林黛玉與《傲慢與偏見》中伊麗莎白的婚姻觀畢業(yè)論文

_畢 業(yè) 論 文題 目： 從女權(quán)主義角度對比紅樓夢中林黛玉與傲慢與偏見中伊麗莎白的婚姻觀學 號： 03110902016 姓 名： 王瑩教 學 院： 外國語學院專業(yè)班級： 英語 09級本科（2）班指導教師： 朱 江（講師）完成時間： 2013年5月15日畢節(jié)學院教務(wù)處制The School of Foreign Languages Bijie UniversityGraduation Paper Title: Comparative the Marriage View of Lin Daiyu in The Story of Stone with Elizabeth in Pride andPrejudice from the Perspective of Feminism Student ID No.: 03110902016 Name: Wang Ying Class and Grade: 09 Undergraduate (2) Supervisor: ZHU Jiang Time: May 2013 The School of Foreign Languages，Bijie University畢節(jié)學院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計）任務(wù)書課題名稱從女性主義角度對比紅樓夢中林黛玉與傲慢與偏見中伊麗莎白的婚姻觀學生姓名王瑩學號03110902016專業(yè)、班級畢節(jié)學院外語系2009級2班課題簡介：（選題的目的、意義、價值、工作思路、研究方案、研究方法、技術(shù)路線、創(chuàng)新點）在社會高速發(fā)展的今天，拜金主義，享樂主義盛行，小三現(xiàn)象嚴重，“寧愿在寶馬車后面哭，也不在自行車后座上笑”的選擇讓我不寒而栗。作為21世紀的新女性，我們該有一種怎樣的愛情觀，婚姻觀，真的值得我們好好思考。選擇比較林黛玉和伊麗莎白，是我思考很久的結(jié)果。雖然他們都是距離我們200多年前的小說里的人物，但是她們對待婚姻愛情的態(tài)度依然能給我很多啟示。研究主要步驟：1閱讀紅樓夢與傲慢與偏見兩篇名著；2綜合比較閱讀探討、歸類； 3完成比較閱讀研究報告。 研究方法：（1）文獻資料法（圖書資源、網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源）（2）對比分析法課題內(nèi)容和任務(wù)：本文主要由五部分組成，第一部分為引言，簡要介紹紅樓夢和傲慢與偏見，第二部分寫伊麗莎白與林黛玉的女性意識，第三部分寫伊麗莎白與林黛玉的婚姻愛情觀。第四部分寫伊麗莎白與林黛玉的不同結(jié)局的探究，最后是結(jié)尾部分，寫伊麗莎白與林黛玉婚姻愛情給我們的啟示。 進度計劃：2013年2月28日以前收集資料，閱讀書目，撰寫開題報告 2013年3月30日以前完成初稿 2013年5月15日定稿發(fā)出日期201337課題計劃完成日期2013.5.15指導教師簽名教學院院長簽章畢節(jié)學院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計）學生誠信聲明書本人鄭重聲明：本人所提交的畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計)從女性主義角度對比<紅樓夢>中林黛玉與<傲慢與偏見>中伊麗莎白的婚姻觀是本人在指導教師指導下獨立研究、寫作的成果，本論文不包含任何其他個人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的作品成果，論文中所引用他人的無論以何種方式發(fā)布的文字、研究成果，均在論文中加以說明；對本文研究做出過重要貢獻的個人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式標明。如果存在弄虛作假、抄襲、剽竊的情況，本人愿承擔全部責任。論文(設(shè)計)作者： （簽字） 時間： 年 月 日指 導 教 師： （簽字） 時間： 年 月 日 畢節(jié)學院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計）版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書本畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計) 從女性主義角度對比<紅樓夢>中林黛玉與<傲慢與偏見>中伊麗莎白的婚姻觀是本人在校期間所完成學業(yè)的組成部分，是在畢節(jié)學院教師的指導下完成的，論文（設(shè)計）工作的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)屬于畢節(jié)學院。本人同意學校保留并向國家有關(guān)部門或機構(gòu)送交論文（設(shè)計）的復印件和電子版，允許論文（設(shè)計）被查閱和借閱；本人授權(quán)畢節(jié)學院可以將學位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫進行檢索，可以采用影印、縮印、網(wǎng)頁制作或掃描等復制手段保存、匯編學位論文。畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計）無論做何種處理，必須尊重本人的著作權(quán)，署明本人姓名。未經(jīng)指導教師和畢節(jié)學院同意，本人不擅自發(fā)表畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計)相關(guān)研究內(nèi)容或利用畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計)從事開發(fā)和盈利性活動。畢業(yè)后若發(fā)表畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計)中的研究成果，需征得指導教師同意，作者第一單位署名應(yīng)為“畢節(jié)學院”， 成果發(fā)表時本人工作（學習）單位可以在備注中注明。論文(設(shè)計)作者： （簽字） 時間： 年 月 日指 導 教 師： （簽字） 時間： 年 月 日Comparing the Marriage view of Lin Daiyu in the Story of the Stone with Elizabeth in Pride and prejudice from the Perspective of FeminismContents1. Introduction. .11.1 Introduction of the background .11.2 Introduction of the The Story of the Stone.11.3 Introduction of the Pride and Prejudice.22. Introduction of the feminist .22.1 Introduce the feminist of Lin Daiyu .22.2 Introduce the feminist of Elizabeth .43. The view of love and marriage.43.1 The view of love and marriage of Lin Daiyu.43.2 The view of love and marriage of Elizabeth.54. The similarities and the differences of the two heroines .54.1 The similarities of the two heroines64.2. The differences of the two heroines65. The exploration of the two endings .76. The inspirations to the women .87. Conclusion .9Bibliographyi從女性主義角度對比紅樓夢中林黛玉與傲慢與偏見中伊莉莎白的婚姻觀中文摘要美好的愛情和婚姻是每個人一生所追求的。不論古今中外，愛情和婚姻一直都被是世人津津樂道的話題，但是在追求情愛的路上，很多的人的情愛之路卻是充滿了挫折和荊棘。但是卻也有很多不畏艱險去追求的人，比如紅樓夢中的林黛玉和傲慢與偏見中的伊麗莎白，她們都是世界文學史上兩個不朽的人物形象。她們都有著強烈的女性意識，對愛情和婚姻有自己的主張，敢于追求自己的真愛和打破當時世俗的眼光，堅持自己的初衷。生活中自尊自愛，具有永恒的藝術(shù)魅力。通過對她們女性意識，婚姻愛情觀的分析，為現(xiàn)代人婚姻愛情以及生活提供一些啟示。關(guān)鍵詞：女性主義 ，愛情觀， 婚姻觀 ，林黛玉， 伊麗莎白Comparing the Marriage view of Lin Daiyu in the Story of the Stone with Elizabeth in Pride and prejudice from the Perspective of FeminismAbstract The beautiful love and marriage are the pursuit of everybody for their lives, no matter he or she is the ancient or modern person, abroad or home. Love and marriage are the topics that the people like to talk about. But there are many difficulties on the way of love.Such as Lin Daiyu in The Story of the Stone and Elizabeth in Pride and Prejudice .They are the two immortal characters in the history of the world literature. They have the strong feminist consciousness. They have the idea about their love and marriage. They dare to pursuit their true love and break the secular vision, insist on their original intention. They are self-esteem and have the eternal artistic charm. By analyzing their female consciousness, love and marriage concept, we can get some inspiration for the modern marriage of love and life.Key words：feminist; the view of love; the view of marriage; Lin Daiyu; Elizabeth iiiGraduation Paper of Undergraduate, Bijie UniversityComparing the Marriage view of Lin Daiyu in the Story of the Stone with Elizabeth in Pride and prejudice from the Perspective of Feminism1. Introduction Beautiful Love and marriage are the pursuit of everybody, no matter who he is. The pure love and happy marriage are the dreams that everyone hopes he or she can achieve. Even in the old times, for example: Lin Daiyu and Elizabeth, the two women in different ages and countries, but their hearts are the same, they chase the love and marriage that they want. 1.1 Introduction of the backgroundNowadays, people are materialistic and hedonistic. The worship of money is prevalent, so many women are confused about their love and marriage, and they just chase the money blindly without the real life goal. So, how to treat the love and marriage with the right attitude is an important problem. As a girl student in 21century, we should have our clear goal of love and marriage .So the research from the perspective of feminism is a good choice. Since feminism was formed in 1960s, it has become one of the most influential trends in literary field. Female literature is also known as womens literature. There are three kinds of researches about it: The first one is to research the literature which was created by female writers .The second one is to research the literature of females life .The third one is to research the literature of showing the feminist consciousness. Then, Lin Daiyu in The Story of the Stone and Elizabeth in the Pride and Prejudice are the two representatives of feminism.1.2 Introduction of The Story of the StoneThe Story of the Stone is created by the Qing Dynasty writer Cao Xueqing. It is the most classical literature of the Chinese classical novel, and it is the peak and summary of the development of Chinese classical novel. In the great novel, the writer shapes countless fresh figures for us such as the feudal ethics orthodox character, Jia Zheng. Wang Xifeng is pungent and strong. You Sanjie is staunch and unyielding, but Lin Daiyu is the most fresh figure with female consciousness.1.3 Introduction of the Pride and Prejudice Pride and Prejudice is written by 18th century British writer, Jane Austen. Since the work has been written, it has been loved by the people of the world. In the novel, the writer shapes a lot of figures such as the gentle Bingley, the arrogant Darcy, the vulgar and ignorance Lydia and the beautiful, kind-hearted Jane, but the most clever, brave and impressive is Elizabeth.Lin Daiyu and Elizabeth are the two characters of the two different writers in two countries in 18th Century, but they are all shining light of feminism. They bold the most for their love, and the right to pursuit the most for womens love bravely. 2. FeministFeminism is the idea of women who observe and exam the events. It is the union which is based on the political interests of anti-patriarchal. It is the summary of the womens way of thinking and behavior of a special political goal. The famous French revolutionaries Olympe de Gouges, published the Feminism Proclamation in 1797. It pointed out that all male and female citizens are equal before the law. This is the first declaration of female rights in humans history .Although feminist has different genres; its core value is the same. Namely to protest the society of real fathers enslavement of women, to stress that women should have equal rights and status as men, and to claim that women should not be attached to the male community. On the contrary, woman should have the value of existing by showing the best state, and be against the unfairness of patriarchal society toe establish and improve womens social position. We can explain Elizabeth and Lin Daiyu with feminism. They are in different countries with different cultural background, which makes the two female characters more impressive.2.1 Introduce the feminist of Lin DaiyuLin Daiyu looks indifferent, pride and she is weak, disagreeable, and likes crying, but there is a rebellious heart under her weak body, a heart of pursuit for the freedom of women. The feminist of Lin Daiyu is shown in the following aspects. First, she has the pursuit of human dignity. Lin Daiyu was born in the officials family, but her parents died when she was young. She is lonely, so she must depend on others to live .But this life does not kill off her self-esteem (Yuan, 2003; 359-360). Oppositely, this made her has a stronger protection awareness of self-esteem .Burying the Flowers has a high position in The Story of the Stone. From the poem, we can explore a voice from the heart. In the poem, she speaks for herself as fallen flowers, which also symbolizes the women at that time. And that can not grasp their own destiny. She sends a shout of who pity? (Cao,2007：83). In the big Jia family, nobody really cares her except Jia Baoyu . Lin Daiyu s grandmother loves her ,but when she may affect the Jias profits ,her grandmother satisfies her happiness without any hesitation .Living in such a miserable life，Lin Daiyu insists her mind and thoughts ,she does not want to lose herself , unwilling to yield. She desires to control her own destiny .The strong dignity is the showing of feminism of women. Second, Lin Daiyus female consciousness is also reflected in her contempt of feudal orthodoxy. She ignores the feudal ethics .She likes reading. At the same time, she is talented, and she likes showing her talent before people (Zhou, 2004; 394).She loves Jia Baoyu ,but she never asks him to be an officer ,to be famous .Her poem also shows her contempt of feudal orthodoxy. She denies Xi Shi, and says that Xi Shi is just a kind of political tool , the victim of political struggle. Besides, she praises Hong Fu. Actually, she hopes she can be a woman as Hong Fu because she wants to be a woman who can decide her own life bravely and achieve the value and dreams of life.At last, Lin Daiyus feminism shows her new view of love. I must be a ceiba by your side ,as a tree standing with you (Shu,2000;5).Lin Daiyu and Jia Baoyus love, reflects equality, which is baste on the concept of love in the soul .She dares to express her will and love ,and she requires Jia Baoyu should be single-minded, and hopes he can not forget the little sister when he meets the old sister (Cao,2007：215).） Lin Daiyus view of love is close to the love of the standard soul, to the love in addition to the considerable beauty and talent, to fit in both men and women of the interest-based(He,1999：156)concept of love, it is still not out of date today.2.2 Introduction of the feminist of Elizabeth Their feminism shows rebellion and struggle of the tradition and the pursuit of free view of equal marriage. Elizabeth has a strong consciousness of resistance and mind. She ignores the repression of the old ethics, bolds to defend her freedom of movement courageously. She leaves a deep impression to people. In order to visit her sick sister, she can walk 3 miles of muddy -path alone, and appear in the upper class with bad looking, but she never feels ashamed .Her crazy behavior makes her more lovely and beautiful. When Miss Catherine scolds all her sisters making social networking, she says “ but it could be hard on younger sisters not to have their amusement because the elder is not still married, it would hardly encourage sisterly affection”.（Austen, 2011:198） When Lady Catherine is trying to stop， she and Darcys love humiliate her. Elizabeth does not flatter those in authority, but she launches a fight. She says if I have, I shall be the last person to confess it , only this ;that if he is so ,you can have no reason to suppose he will make a offer to me , in marrying your nephew ,I should not consider myself as quitting that sphere , he is a gentleman ;I am a gentlemans daughter ;so far we are equal . And I certainly never shall give it; I am not to be intimidated into anything so wholly unreasonable. (Austen，2011:407) She refuses to be a woman just like a vase. She wants to be a woman with emotion and feeling.3. The view of their love and marriage Lin Daiyu and Elizabeth are in different ages and countries, but treat love and marriage; they have their own thoughts and idea. to love and marriage ,they have some similarities ,but also have some differences. 3.1 The view of love and marriage of Lin DaiyuLin Daiyus view of love and marriage is strong and pure, and it is across time. For love, she hopes her mate can be single-minded all the time. In the feudal society, man can have many wives. This idea is very precious. He has gone beyond the shackles of the times. Besides, she requires that man must be single-minded, and she emphasizes the equality of the sexes neglecting the materials or the spirit .She pursuits the equal and free love and marriage. All the time .even though she fails under the powerful feudal social thought, she provides her pursuit with her life .Maybe it is pity, but she does not regret forever .Because she insists on one thing that she wants to do with her life at last .She is different from the other girls who just follow the society .The girls are forgotten by the readers very quickly, but Lin Daiyu will be in the readers hearts forever.3.2 The view of love and marriage of ElizabethElizabeths view of marriage is also worthy of our study. On the relations between the two sexes, she hopes she can get the respect of men .She refuses the marriage without love, she pursuits the free and equal love and marriage. Simone de Beauvoir talked about in The Second Sex: Happiness is a feeling, including material and spirit. (1998:78). when she is faced with the ego and humility Collins, Elizabeth refuses to accept his marriage proposal, and tells Collins clearly:” you could not make me happy and I am the last woman in the world who could make you happy.” ”I am not the sort of female to torment a respectable man, please understand me .I can not accept you.” (Austen，2011:130) She chooses to give up the fastest way to get material. She treats marriage as things beyond the material. When Darcy proposes to her in the first place, he shows his love to Elizabeth, and at the same time, he says the words to offend Elizabeth, so Elizabeth refuses him without any hesitation too. And she says:”why you told me you liked me against your better judgment?” “Your arrogance and conceit, your selfish disdain for the feelings of others made me realize you were the last man in the world I could not ever marry.”(Austen，2011:229) She never marry a rich man as her own life goal, she pursuits the real love, the love which is established on the freedom and equality(Xin,2009;27) .She never treats her as goods .and she protests her love bravely. Because of her insistence, she gets the heart of Darcy and gets the real happiness that belongs to her. 4. The similarities and the differences of the two heroines The old words said, there is no the two same leaves in the world, not to mention the people, they have the similarities, they still have the differences ,the same as Lin Daiyu and Elizabeth. 4.1 The similarities of the two heroinesLin Daiyu and Elizabeth are both loved by the writers. They have many similarities and differences. First they have the courage to be against the clergymen, pursuing their own independent personality. Lin Daiyu is against the concept that she does not agree. She opposes that the male and female are not equal. Eager to get the recognition and appreciation of the community. Elizabeth is similar with Lin Daiyu. She dares to be against the social habits that she does not agree. She is beautiful and clever, and good at observing and thinking .She has her own thoughts and refuses to answer the others unreasonable questions Second, they both have the equal marriage concept. In Lin Daiyus age, the marriage needs matchmaker and parents assent. The woman and the man who will get married do not have the right to decide, but she dares to express her love. And his love is equal, close to the heart. The love is to fit the taste and interest of both men and women. Her love asks her lover to be single-minded. It is very valuable at the time when men can have many wives. Elizabeth refuses Collins and Darcys proposal, because she has her own requirements about her marriage. She wants the marriage to be established on the real love, and she needs to be respected by her partner.These can reflect the awakening of female consciousness. It is the model that women fight for their own rights and freedoms. Of course, they also have some differences.4.2 The differences of the two heroinesThe first difference is their personality. Elizabeth has active and cheerful thinking, and she behaves well. Meanwhile, she is good at communicating with others and expressing her own ideas. However, Lin Daiyu is sentimental, capricious, pride and aloof. She likes crying, the people around her can not understand why she likes crying so much. She has the feminist color, but also has the characteristics of oriental feminist. Namely, Women break the shackles of tradition, integrating into the community to fight for equality between men and women, but also the process of completion of the liberation still retains femininity. (Chen、Sun、Xie, 1997:530)Second, it is the way they treat the love in different attitudes. Lin Daiyu always takes the initiative to express her feelings. She loves Baoyu and expects to marry him, but she never achieves her dream, and she calls Baoyus name until her dying .When Elizabeth refused to marry Darcy, even though she has fallen in love with Darcy after she knows what Darcy is like, she never shows her feeling to Darcy by herself, and everybody thinks she hate him .Fortunately, when Lady Catherine asks her to leave Darcy, she reveals her mind, and at last, they are married and have a happy ending.5. The exploration of the two endings Lin Daiyu and Elizabeth are the model of the feminist, but they two have the different endings .Why? There are 3 reasons to explain.First one is the different character background. Lin Daiyu grown in the feudal bureaucratic family and had a good literary accomplishment when she was young .She was affected by the thoughts of public class that pursuit the freedom and equality. She saw the seeds of democratic consciousness in her heart, so she has the spirit of pursuing the personality and free marriage .But because her parents died when she was very young, she must live at her grandmothers home, depending on others to live. So she has both rebellion and compromise.Elizabeth also li