2020【人教版】八年級下冊英語：全冊優(yōu)秀導(dǎo)學(xué)案Unit 2 Section A4a4c導(dǎo)學(xué)案

2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料Section A 4a-4c【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1. 知識技能目標(biāo)掌握并靈活運(yùn)用本課的重點詞匯raise homeless alone重點短語cheer up, put up, come up with, help out, give out, put off, care for語法重點：非謂語動詞 （動詞不定式做賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、目的狀語）的用法2. 情感態(tài)度目標(biāo)關(guān)注他人、社會，利用自己的特長為他人、社會做貢獻(xiàn)，投身于社會公益活動，為不幸的人伸出援助之手?！局攸c難點】非謂語動詞 （動詞不定式做賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、目的狀語）的用法【自主學(xué)習(xí)】the money signsmaking planfive primary schoolsick childrensome ideas 一 短語搭配put offcall upcome up withcheer upput up give out二 英漢互譯1. 至少 _ 2. travel alone _3. 為而擔(dān)心/著急 _4. raise money _5. 掙許多錢 _6. 考慮 _7. 例如 _8. 無家可歸的人 _9. stop doing sth. _10. move to another place _【合作探究】一 詞語辨析alone lonely 1)lonely adj. (lonelier, loneliest )unhappy because you have no friends or people to talk to 孤獨(dú)的；寂寞的a lonely child孤寂的孩子Sam was very lonely when he first moved to New York.薩姆剛搬到紐約時非常寂寞。She lives alone and often feels lonely.她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。2)alone, by yourself, 和較非正式、常用于英語口語的 on ones own、by oneself 均指獨(dú)自，但無孤獨(dú)之意：I like being alone in the house.我喜歡獨(dú)自一人待在家里。Im going to London by myself next week.我準(zhǔn)備下星期一個人去倫敦。There are many_ people who just want to talk. 有很多只想找人傾訴的孤獨(dú)的人。They care for the _, the lost, the unloved. 他們照顧孤獨(dú)的人、失落的人和缺少愛的人。I was _ but I didnt feel_我獨(dú)自一人，但我并不感到孤獨(dú)。I dont like going out_ after dark. 我不愿意天黑后獨(dú)自外出。I like to work _. 我喜歡獨(dú)自一人工作。二 語法探究 動詞不定式l動詞不定式的基本形式是“_+_”,有時可以不帶to。動詞不定式在句子中不能作謂語，沒有_和_的變化。動詞不定式仍保留動詞的特點，即可以有自己的_和_。例如：to put off my plan, to teach kids; to work in an animal hospital, to speak at the meeting.l動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此在句中可以作主語、_、_、_、_、表語和定語。句法作用例 句a. 作賓語I hope to work outside.I want to travel alone.b. 作狀語I feel very lucky to have the dog. They give up several hours to help othersc. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語We each ask ten students to come.Mary helps kids learn to read. a.不定式作賓語動詞不定式可以用在一些及物動詞之后作賓語?！居^察】We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean-Up Day.我們需要為城市公園清潔日相出一個計劃。I hope to work outside.我希望能在外面工作She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.她決定參加一個課外活動小組的志愿者的選拔【小結(jié)】巧記接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞三個希望（hope，wish，expect）兩需要（w ant，need），設(shè)法（try）同意（agree ）作準(zhǔn)備（prepare）。開始（start，begin）計劃（plan）莫忘記（forget），記著（remember）決 定（decide）能學(xué)會（learn）。nShe _ _ borrow my bike yesterday.昨天她想借我的自行車。nThey began _ _ the English song Lonely.他們開始唱英語歌寂寞b.動詞不定式作狀語不定式作狀語時，常表示目的、結(jié)果、原因、條件等，通常放在它所修飾的動詞之后?！居^察】She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.她仍然在那里每周工作一次來幫助孩子們學(xué)會閱讀。They came up with some ideas to cheer up sick children. 他們想出一些辦法使生病的孩子高興起來。We are working hard to make a better life.我們努力工作目的是使我們的生活更美好。He stopped _ _ a rest.他停下來休息。We eat_ _，but not live _ _.我們吃飯是為了生存,但生存不是為了吃飯。c.動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語【觀察】We could each ask 10students to come.我們每人可以叫10個學(xué)生來。Mario believe it can help him to get his future dream job.馬里奧相信這能幫助他找到將來夢寐以求的工作?！拘〗Y(jié)】不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，賓語與不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，賓語是不定式的邏輯主語。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的有advise/ ask /want/tell/ allow/ encourage/ invite/ would like/ expect/ need/ wish sb. to do sth.I like you_ _ everything tidy.我喜歡你們使每件東西都保持整潔。Mother asked him _ _ _TV.媽媽叫他把電視機(jī)關(guān)掉?！居^察】I see the animals get better.Let me tell you my story.讓我來告訴你我的故事吧。She made the boy go to bed early.她讓那個男孩早睡覺。【小結(jié)】感官動詞如feel, see, hear, watch, notice, listen to, look at 等以及使役動詞make, have, let 等在跟不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時省略不定式符號to。記牢賓補(bǔ)不帶to，一感、二聽要仔細(xì)。三讓 四看記心間，半個幫助最相宜。（一感：feel；二聽：hear，listen to ；三讓：let，make，have；四看：see， watch，look at，notice；半個幫助：help，可帶to也可不帶）【觀察】Tell him not to be late.I tried not to wake them up.My parents asked me not to stay up. I told her not to go to school. She decided not to buy the green one.【小結(jié)】動詞不定式的否定形式由“_+_”構(gòu)成。3)動詞+疑問詞+ to He wants to learn about how to care for animals.他想學(xué)習(xí)怎樣照顧動物。In their free time, they think about what to do for fun.在他們的閑暇時間，他們考慮做什么來娛樂。Nobody told us _ _ _ next.沒有人告訴我們接下去做什么。He showed me _ _ _the new mobile phone. 他向我演示怎樣使用這個新手機(jī)。The question is _ _ _.問題是什么時候開始?！狙由臁?. 不定式作主語【觀察】Its not easy for me to make friends.對我來說，不容易交到朋友。= To make friends is not easy for meIts always interesting to watch people show their talents.觀看別人展示才藝總是有意思的。=To watch people show their talents is always interestingTo make a plan first is a good idea.先制訂計劃是個好辦法。=_ _ a good idea to make a plan first.句型It is+adj.+for+sb.+_.表示對某人來說做某事怎么樣。運(yùn)用：連詞成句help their parents, to, for, important, It, children, with housework is._. 2. 不定式作定語【觀察】Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way to spend our free time.自愿花時間幫助這些人是一種度過我們閑暇時間的好方式。He now has 16 bikes to fix up and give away to children who dont have bikes. 他現(xiàn)在有16輛自行車要修理，修好后可以贈送給沒有自行車的孩子們?！拘〗Y(jié)】不定式做定語通常要放在被修飾的詞后。She did not have much money _ _.她沒有很多的錢可以花。I have a lot of work _ _.我有很多工作要干。There is no more room _ _ in.再也沒有地方可住了。三 語法探究 動詞短語【觀察】They cheered up Jimmy. They cheered Jimmy up. They cheered him up.He handed out notices.He handed notices out. He handed them out.She gave away all her old books. She gave all her old books away. She gave them away.He woke up his daughter. He woke up his daughter. He woke her up.I gave most of my books away when I left college. I gave away most of my books when I left college.I gave them away when I left college.【小結(jié)】cheer up(使變得高興), hand out(分發(fā)；散發(fā)),give away(贈送), wake up(喚醒)等動詞+副詞構(gòu)成的短語，名詞作賓語可放在中間或后面，代詞作賓語只能放在_。a.動詞+副詞 put off, put up, put away, turn on/ off/ up/ down. mix up, look up, clean up, pick up, make up虛構(gòu)；編造(故事、謊言等), eat up吃光, use up 用完b.動詞+介詞 listen to, care for, look for, think about,c.動詞+副詞+介詞 look forward to, come up with, catch up withd.動詞+名詞+介詞 pay attention toe.be動詞+形容詞+介詞 be different from, be interested in, be angry with, be worried about, be similar to, be good at【檢測反饋】I. 單項選擇1.Our teacher often asks us _ questions in groups. A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed2.Mary is very generous. Yes, she gave away all her money she owned_ people in need. A. to help B. helped C. helping3.He made us_ by making faces. A. to laugh B. laugh C. laughed4.The boys volunteer three hours_ up the park near their school. A. cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned5.Tina, I have something important _ you. A. telling B. tell C. to tell6.You should pay attention to _ from others. A. learn B. leaning C. learns7.Mary called and asked her husband _ home at once, because she locked their daughter in the home. A. to leave B. leave C. to go D. go8.I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? I havent decided where _. A. go B. went C. going D. to go II用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空9.If you cant read the words, you need _ (look) them up in the dictionary.10.Could you tell me what _ (do) next?11.The old man told us_ (not swim) in the river.12.It was difficult for him _ (remember) all the things.【教師反思】【學(xué)生反思】