高一英語必修1 unit1 FriendshipGrammar 課件

Michael Phelps直接引語和間接引語直接引語和間接引語“I have a long body and long arms, a gift and love for swimming.”Phelps said he had a long body and long arms, and a gift and love for swimming.“I started swimming at an young age in order to treat my ADHD disease.” Phelps said he had started swimming at an young age in order to treat his ADHD disease.“I receive a 5-hour training everyday.”Phelps said he received a 5-hour training every day.“I always desire to be the winner, to win gold medals and to break world records.”Phelps said he always desired to be the winner, to win gold medals and to break world records.“One of my favorite things is to compete with the best swimmers in the world.”Phelps said one of his favorite things was to compete with the best swimmers in the world.“I have many goals, and all of them are high.” Phelps said he had many goals, and all of them were high.“I will always try my best to be Phelps No.1.”Phelps said he would always try his best to be Phelps No.1.SECRETS OF PHELPS SUCCESS? gift interest determination courage hard work ambition 直接引語：直接引語：直接引用別人的原話直接引用別人的原話,并在原話前后加并在原話前后加引號。引號。例：例：He said: It is too late.間接引語：間接引語：用自己的話轉述他人的話用自己的話轉述他人的話,多數(shù)以賓語多數(shù)以賓語從句的形式構成。從句的形式構成。例：例：He said it was too late.直接引語與間接引語相互轉化時直接引語與間接引語相互轉化時應注意的變化應注意的變化 1.1.句式結構上的變化句式結構上的變化 解題步驟解題步驟: :1）. 陳述句變間接引語時，用陳述句變間接引語時，用that連接連接, that 無實際意義，可省略。例無實際意義，可省略。例 :“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.Sarah2）.一般疑問句，選擇疑問句變間接引語時，一般疑問句，選擇疑問句變間接引語時，要用陳述語氣，并要加連詞要用陳述語氣，并要加連詞if或或whether?！癐s it easy to improve the condition of the soil?”, they asked himThey asked himif / whetherit is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askedwasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.3 3）. .特殊疑問句變間接引語要用特殊特殊疑問句變間接引語要用特殊疑問詞引導。疑問詞引導。 They asked him “ When do you harvest the wheat ?”They asked him whenyou harvest the wheat.harvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.2.2.時態(tài)變化時態(tài)變化 直接引語變間接引語時，間接引語直接引語變間接引語時，間接引語的時態(tài)要與主句的時態(tài)一致的時態(tài)要與主句的時態(tài)一致. .1） 主句為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時的主句為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時的時候，間接引語時態(tài)不變。時候，間接引語時態(tài)不變。He says: I bought you a book yesterday.”He says that he bought me a book yesterday.2 2）. .當主句為過去時，從句要跟著相當主句為過去時，從句要跟著相應的變化應的變化, ,變化如下：變化如下： 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 一般將來時一般將來時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時過去進行時過去進行時一般過去時一般過去時 過去進行時過去進行時 過去完成時過去完成時 過去將來時過去將來時 過去完成時過去完成時 不變不變 不變不變往前推一個時態(tài)往前推一個時態(tài) 1.“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. She said that she was very glad to visit our school. 2. Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.” Tom said that they were listening to the pop music. 3. Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?” Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV. 4. He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?” He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus. 5. “Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. The teacher asked why she had refused to go there. 6. Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homeworkbefore you watched TV?” Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.注意：注意： 1.直接引語為客觀真理時，間接引語時態(tài)直接引語為客觀真理時，間接引語時態(tài)不變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：不變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：Teacher said to us: The moon moves round the earth.Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth. The teacher said to us : “Light travels faster than sound .”The teacher said that light travels faster than sound .2.直接引語為一般過去時并且與具體直接引語為一般過去時并且與具體時間狀語連用時，間接引語仍用一般時間狀語連用時，間接引語仍用一般過去時。例如過去時。例如 ：She said: I went to England in 1998.”She said she went to England in 1998. 直接引語里的第一人稱和第二人稱，變間接引語時，人稱要做相直接引語里的第一人稱和第二人稱，變間接引語時，人稱要做相應調整。例如：應調整。例如： 直接引語直接引語 She said:“ I am hungry?！?間接引語間接引語 She said she was hungry. 直接引語直接引語 Mum said to me:“ You can clean your bedroom tomorrow.” 間接引語間接引語 Mum told me that I could clean my bedroom the next day . Mr. Smith said，“He is a good worker. Mr. Smith said that he was a good worker. 3.3.人稱的變化人稱的變化“一主、二賓、三不變一主、二賓、三不變”4.其他變化其他變化 直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語指示代詞指示代詞 時時 間間 狀狀 語語 地點狀語地點狀語 方向性方向性動詞動詞 this, that, these those now, today ， this week yesterdaylast weekfour days ago tomorrow next monththen,that day that weekthe day before the week beforefour days beforethe next daythe next month here there come, go,bring take SUMMARY 直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語陳述句陳述句一般疑問句一般疑問句特殊疑問句特殊疑問句祈使句祈使句that引導引導if/whether 引導引導原疑問詞引導原疑問詞引導ask / told sb to do sth.1.主句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)主句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)2.主句為過去時態(tài)主句為過去時態(tài)時態(tài)不變時態(tài)不變往前推一個時態(tài)往前推一個時態(tài)第一人稱第一人稱第二人稱第二人稱第三人稱第三人稱與主句主語人稱一致與主句主語人稱一致與主句賓語人稱一致與主句賓語人稱一致不變不變句式句式結構結構時態(tài)時態(tài)人稱人稱其他其他賓語從句賓語從句語序語序疑問句疑問句陳述句語序陳述句語序HOMEWORK P5 (書本書本) Ex2 完成在作業(yè)本上。完成在作業(yè)本上。 P12（隨堂糾錯）（隨堂糾錯） V&VI