高考英語真題 浙江卷及答案

2015年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(浙江卷)英 語 試 題 本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題部分。全卷滿分120分，考試時間120分鐘 請考生按規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂、寫在答題紙上。注意事項：1. 答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號用黑色筆跡的簽字筆或鋼筆分別填寫在試卷和答題紙規(guī)定的位置上。2. 每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題紙上對應(yīng)的題目答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮檫干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。不能答在試題卷上。選擇題部分（共80分）第一部分：英語知識應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第1節(jié) ：單項填空（共20小題，每小題0.5分，滿分10分）從A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該選項標(biāo)號涂黑。1. -Hi, John. Are you busy?. - _ A. Yes. I do agree. B. Yes. That would be nice C. No. Are you sure? D. No. Whats up?2. Janes grandmother had wanted to write _ childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in _ way. A. a; 不填B. the; theC. 不填; theD. a; the3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _ animals both on land and sea?. A. aboutB. toC.withD. over4. It was so noisy that we _ hear ourselves speak. A. couldnt B. shouldntC.mustnt D. neednt5. Studies have shown that the right and left ear _ sound differently. A. produceB. pronounce C. process D. download6. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate _ is below the water surface. Often thereare rocks and branches hidden in the water. A. what B. who C. that D. whoever7. Body language can _ a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. A. take away B. throw awayC. put away D. give away8. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he _ a famous scientist whosetheories would change the world. A. has been B. had been C. was going to beD. was9. _ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaningof a paragraph. A. Just as B. In addition C. Until D. Unless 10. Most people work because its unavoidable. _, there are some people who actually enjoy work. A. As a result B. Even though C. By contrast D. In conclusion11. We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or _ our emotions than for straight facts. A. block off B. appeal to C. subscribe to D. come across12. How would you like _ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into theroom and just shut it off without asking you?. A. them B. one C. those D. it13. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ alive. A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently14. Listening is thus an active, not a _, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering. A. considerate B. sensitive C. reliable D. passive15. One of the most effective ways to reduce _ is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. A. production B. stress C. energy D. power16. If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to _ on the sea? A. floatB. drown C. shrink D. split17. These comments came _ special questions often asked by local newsmen. A. in memory of B. in response to C. in touch with D. in possession of18. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it _ live is quite another. A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed19. Creating an atmosphere _ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which20. Why dont you consider a trip to, say, Beijing or Hangzhou?_. A. I wouldnt mind that B. Then well get there quickly C. Lets call it a day D. Its not a requirement第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從2140各題所給的四個選項中（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該選項標(biāo)號涂黑。Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, Ive watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高級管理人員) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now   21   on their way to impressive careers. By societys    22   , they seem to have it made.On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a    23    drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates, and    24   out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine   25   a college years monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.The thing is, a number of them have   26    that despite their success, they arent happy. Some   27    of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they _28_. Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and  29  . However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the    30    to which they have so quickly become    31   .People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and    32   in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they   33   or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion: its    34   . They have loans, bills, a mortgage(抵押貸款) to    35   , retirement to save for. They recognize theres something   36 in their lives, but its  37  to step off the track.In a society that tends to    38   everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our   39   in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs   40   in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore-and the very ones we need to consider most.21. A. much B. never C. seldom D. well 22. A. policies B. standards C. experiments D. regulations23. A. last B. least C. second D. best24. A. cycled B. movedC. slid D. looked25. A. shared B. paid C. equaled D. collected26. A. advertised B. witnessed C. admitted D. demanded27. A. complain B. dream C. hear D. approve28. A. distributeB. hateC. applaudD. neglect29. A. calm   B. guiltyC. warmD. empty 30. A. family B. government C. lifestyle D. project31. A. accustomed B. appointed C. unique D. available32. A. yetB. also C. insteadD. rather 33. A. let outB. turn inC. give up D. believe in34. A. fundamental B. practical C. impossible D. unforgettable 35. A. take offB. drop off C. put off D. pay off 36. A. missing B. inspiring C. sinking D. shining37. A. harmfulB. hardC. usefulD. normal38. A. measure B. suffer C. digest D. deliver 39. A. disasters B. motivationsC. campaignsD. decisions 40. A. assessed B. involved C. covered D. reduced第二部分 閱讀理解（第一節(jié)20小題，第二節(jié)5小題，滿分50分）第一節(jié)：閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該選項標(biāo)號涂黑。AFrom the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they dont know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now Im going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, thats enough for me. And Im not going to ask you what words mean.”The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, “Mr. Holt, do you really mean that?” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.”During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk. From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It cant be,” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick, in the edition with woodcuts. I said, “Dont you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is - an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.41. According to the passage, childrens fear and dislike of books may result from _. A. reading little and think little. B. reading often and adventurously C. being made to read too much D. being made to read aloud before others42. The teacher told his students to read _.A. for enjoyment B. for knowledgeC. for a larger vocabulary D. for higher scores in exams43. Upon hearing the teachers talk, the children probably felt that _.A. it sounded stupid B. it was not surprising at allC. it sounded too good to be true D. it was no different from other teachers talk44. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage? A. She skipped over those easy parts while reading. B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks. C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books. D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.45. From the teachers point of view, _. A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading B. children should be left to decide what to read and how to read C. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school D. reading involves understanding every little piece of informationBGraphs can be a very useful tool for conveying information, especially numbers, percentages, and other data. A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret. That can be a lot more efficient than pages and pages explaining the data.Graphs can seem frightening, but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story. The graph has a title, a main idea, and supporting details. You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text. Number of Students Grade EarnedGraph 1. Student Performance on Social Studies QuizMost graphs have a few basic parts: a caption or introduction paragraph, a title, a legend or key, and labeled axes. An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data. Captions will usually tell you where the data from(for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005). Captions usually summarize the authors main point as well. The title is very important. It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown. A legend, also called a key, is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. Many graphs, including bar graphs and line graphs, have two axes that form a corner. Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph. Each axis will always have a label tells you what each axis measures. Bar GraphsA bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts. In Graph 1, we see that the x-axis showsgrades students earned, and the y-axis shows how many students earned each grade. You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this (See Graph 1) Line GraphsA line graph looks similar to a bar graph, but instead ofbars, it plots points and connects them with a line. It has thesame parts as a bar graph-two labeled axes-and can be read the same way. To read a line graph, its important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points. This type of graph is most commonly used to show howsomething changes over time. Here is a graph that charts howfar a bird flies during the first five days of its spring migration(See Graph 2).The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days. The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers. Thuswe can see that, on the first day, the pipit flew 20 kilometers. The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2, which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2. If the line segment angled down, as between Day 4 and Day 5, it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before. This line graph is a quick, visual way to tell the reader about the birds migration.Pie GraphsA typical pie graph looks like a circular pie. The circle is divided intosections, and each section represents a fraction of the data. The graph iscommonly used to show percentages; the whole pie represents 100 percent,so each piece is a fraction of the whole.A pie graph might include a legend, or it might use icons or labels within each slice. This pie graph shows one months expenses(See Graph 3). Food $25 Movies $12 Clothing $36 Savings $20 Books $746. When used in a graph, a legend is _. A. a guide to the symbols and colors B. an introduction paragraph C. the main idea D. the data47. What is the total number of students who earned a C or better? A. 4. B. 6. C. 10. D. 20.48. The bird covered the longest distance on _. A. Day 1. B. Day 2.C. Day 3. D. Day 4.49. Which of the following cost Amy most? A. Food. B. Books. C. Movies. D. Clothing.CIf humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜間活動的）species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the suns light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us dont think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet its the only way to explain what weve done to the night: Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences-called light pollution- whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design, which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into sky. Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels-and light rhythms-to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected.In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. Weve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night-dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth-is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.Weve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further from the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁鐵). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint, including their nighttime breeding choruses. Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs. Like most other creatures, we do need darkness. Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.Living in a glare of our own making, we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage-the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way-the edge of our galaxy-arching overhead.50. According to the passage, human beings _. A. prefer to live in the darkness B. are used to living in the day light C. were curious about the midnight world D.had to stay at home with the light of the moon51. What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to? A. The nightB. The moon C. The sky D. The planet52. The writer mentions birds and frogs to _. A. provide examples of animal protection B. show how light pollution affects animals C. compare the living habits of other species D. explain why the number of certain species has declined53. It is implied in the last paragraph that _. A. light pollution does harm to the eyesight of animals B. light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages C. human beings cannot go to the outer space D. human beings should reflect on their position in the universe54. What might be the best title for the passage? A. The Magic Light B. The Orange Haze C. The Disappearing NightD. The Rhythms of NatureDIn 2004, when my daughter Becky was ten, she and my husband, Joe, were united in their desire for a dog. As for me, I shared none of their canine lust.But why, they pleaded. “Because I dont have tine to take care of a dog.” But well do it. “Really? Youre going to walk the dog? Feed the dog? Bathe the dog?” Yes,yes and yes.”I dont believe you.” We will. We promise.They didnt. From day two (everyone wanted to walk the cute puppy that first day), neither thought to walk the dog. While I was slow to accept that I would be the one to keep track of her shots, to schedule her vet appointments, to feed and clean her, Misty knew this on day one. As she looked up at the three new humans in her life (small, medium, and large), she calculated, “The medium one is the sucker in the pack.”Quickly, she and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind meld(心靈融合). Shed look at me with those sad brown eyes of hers, beam her need, a