初中英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)教程.ppt

TheAlphabet 元音和輔音的定義 1 發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶振動(dòng) 呼出的氣流通過(guò)口腔時(shí)不受阻礙 這樣形成的語(yǔ)音稱為元音 2 不論聲帶振動(dòng)與否 發(fā)音時(shí)呼出的氣流通過(guò)口腔或鼻腔時(shí)受到一定的阻礙 這樣形成的語(yǔ)音稱為輔音 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音專題 InternationalPhoneticsymbols 國(guó)際音標(biāo) Whatarephoneticsymbols thesystemorpatternofspeechsoundsusedinaparticularlanguage 語(yǔ)音最小單位是音素 語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)音都是由四十八個(gè)不同的音素相互組合而成的 Howmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere 元音vowels 20個(gè) 1 前元音 i e ee ea ie ei eo A Teaorcoffee B TeaforLeeandcoffeeforme please i i e y ey Hislittlesisterissittinginthemiddle e e ea ai Good better best Neverletitrest Tillgoodisbetter Andbetterbest aCat cat Catchthatblackrat hesee read piece ceiling people is English busy money red then head again hat bag can apple Compare it eat2 live leave3 fill feel4 seat sit5 tree trip6 bit bee7 sheep ship8 deed did9 live leave10 feed fit11 pea pit12 rid read13 street strict14 sleep slip Compare bet bat2 pat pet3 bag beg4 sat set5 neck lack6 sad said7 bad bed8 dad dead9 lad led10 fad fed er a eThefarmer ssisterisadoctor ir urorTheearlybirdcatchesthewormfirst o uCometothefrontonthedouble clever ruler panda open girl shirt purple work love colour us duck 中元音 earthnurseskirtlearnherword Readthewords ear 不單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)時(shí) urireror Phrases Adirtyskirt hurtabird Learntowork worseandworse Readthewords agoagainaddresshundredparentlicensewaterAugustbananatodaycolourpoliceman aeeroour在非重讀音節(jié)中 Phrases Soonerorlater AutumnandAugust Workerandfarmer aboutthepictureoftheteacher a ar a It sfartothefarmfromthepark o aThelittlepotissohot or a au arMydaughterwho sforty fourisalawyer u ooLookatthecookbook It sreallygood u oo u ou oe Howdoyoudo Youlookreallycool shop sorry watch what morning call autumn warm football wood classroom book soon ruler soup shoe half class park hard 后元音 Compare a cut cart2 luck lark3 duck dark4 tough task5 mud mark6 bus bath7 far fun8 shut shark Compare pot port2 lot lord3 not north4 fox forks5 shot short6 wok walk7 spot sport8 cock caught Compare walk workshort shirtwarm worddoor dirtsore sircause curd i i e a u u 單元音vowels 12個(gè) 雙元音 ei a ai ay ea eiRain raingoaway LittleJohnnywantstoplay ai i yOutofsight outofmind i oy oiSoybeanoilismychoice u o oa ow Goandopenthewindow Joe andshowmethephoto au ou owIfoundamouseinthehouse game rain play great five idea try goodbye boy toy point oil old hello coat show about round down town facesamegameplaywastehatelatehaycomplainfamous Readthewords Ilifequietmindpricenightdieshywhiteliehigh Phrases ei hatetobelate saveherface neverwaste metthefirstlady ai Phrases thebluesky inthecountryside thebitingwind Outofsight outofmind ai 寫法 1 2 ai 3 ai roadcoatgoatboatloadcoldsmokegohomehope Readthewords howaboutshoutcowloudmousegroundhourcrownmouth Phrases u GoldCoast makeatoast beallbones thelocallanguage Phrases au goforanouting betweenourselves readaloud outofdate au 寫法 1 2 au 3 au Learnthephrases toilandmoilaspoiledboyAnnoyingnoiseliveforenjoyment Readthewords Boysandgirls pleasepayattentionto oy boytoyjoysoyannoyingemploy Readthewords Nowpleasepayattentionto oi oilsoilboilcoinpointnoise i ear eer eaWeareneartheendoftheyear ere air are eirWherethereisawill thereisaway u ure ourIt ssuretobegoodforthetourists Poortour hear year deer really there chair careful their sure tour poor February 寫法 1 2 3 Readthewords i eardearheartearfearclearherebeersneerpeer pearwearwheredarecaresharebarerarehairflairfairstairrepair Readthephrases i comeheredrinkthebeerveryclearfearnothinghereandthereCheeringwithtears Learnthephrases shareyourbananawithmonkeyeatalotofpearsararemetalrunbarefootatthetradefair Readthewords u sureunsurebrochurepoormoortour TongueTwister Suresuresure Poorpoorpoor I msureyouknowI mpoor SoIcan tgotomakeatour i u ei ai u au i i i e a u u 元音vowels 20個(gè) 輔音28個(gè) 輔音Consonants 28個(gè) 1 爆破音 p Practicemakesperfect b Barryfoundabigbugonherbed t Thisisahat that sacap d ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown k Don tkitthekitten g Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending p b pay baypear bearpen Benpig big p b cap cablap labtap tabrope robe t d town downtie dietear deartouch Dutch t d bent bendright ridelent lendbet bed 兩清輔音一起時(shí) 后一個(gè)清輔音變成濁輔音 或叫濁化 sp sb st sd sk sg speakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen k g Kate gatecard guardcould goodcoat goat k g pick pigflak flagback bagLock log 2 鼻音 m MayIhavesomemilk mum n Noraknowsthenewcomer Linglingislisteningtothesong Comparen n ng nk in inksin singthin thingthan thankson song 3 摩擦音 f Ifyoubuyfish makesureit sfresh v Victorisveryclever Thankyouforyourtablecloth Thosearefarandthesearenear s Sandyhasanewswimmingsuit z WhatsizeofshoesdoesDaisywear sure she social nationWashthefish please pleasure televisionGeorgemeasuredthegaragewithpleasure h havehot whowholehatehouseHelenholdsherhands r read write wrongAreyoureadytoread 4 破擦音 t Heteacheschildrenhowtoplaychess d Johnlikestotelljokes tr There relotsoftrucksinthestreet dr Helikesstrongdrinks ts Thestudentsarewearingwhiteshirts dz Takeawayyourdirtyhands 5 舌邊音 l land world如果在后面讀 little middle castle puzzleWhatabeautifulbicycle 6 半元音 w wall what answerThehomeworkeveryweekisveryhard j yesyellowyearYes youryellowskirtiswet lightnightrightlockknockrocklotnotrotleadneedreadlicenicerice compare 1 Redlorry yellowlorry redlorry yellowlorry 2 Let slookforleavesinthelargelakewithalongladder Tonguetwisters 成音節(jié) m n l 英語(yǔ)輔音字母中有3個(gè)輔音 m n l 是響音 它們和輔音音素結(jié)合 也可構(gòu)成音節(jié) 也叫成音節(jié) 它們構(gòu)成的音節(jié)往往出現(xiàn)在詞尾 一般是非重讀音節(jié) 如 apple pl table teibl middle midl little litl garden ga dn lesson lesn physical fisikl realism ri lizm 等等 p b t d k g f v s z h w j t d tr dr ts dz m n l r Partsofspeech詞類 詞性 名詞noun n 人和事物的名稱代詞pronoun pron 代替名詞的詞形容詞adjective adj 修飾名詞的詞數(shù)詞numeral num 表示多少和第幾的詞動(dòng)詞verb v 表示動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)副詞adverb adv 修飾動(dòng)詞 形容詞和副詞的詞冠詞article art 說(shuō)明名詞所指的人或物介詞preposition prep 表示名詞與其它詞的關(guān)系連詞conjunction conj 連接詞 短語(yǔ)和句子的詞感嘆詞interjection inter 表示感情的詞 Sentencepatterns Simplesentence簡(jiǎn)單句Ilikeapples JaneandIoftenswiminsummer Hecomesandsayshellotomeeveryday Compoundsentence并列句Wehelpthemandtheyhelpus Complexsentence復(fù)合句Hesaidthathewouldvisityou 1 Declarativesentence陳述句Mybagispink 2 Interrogativesentence疑問(wèn)句Whatcolourisyourbag 3 Imperativesentence祈使句Let sbegin 4 Exclamatorysentence感嘆句Whatafinedayitistoday Types 常用句型 1 Therebe is are 名詞 介詞短語(yǔ) Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse Therearesomeflowersinthevase 2 1 主語(yǔ) n pron 謂語(yǔ) vi 狀語(yǔ) adv prep 短語(yǔ) Thismachineworkswell 2 主語(yǔ) 連系動(dòng)詞 linkv 表語(yǔ) a ad prep 短語(yǔ) Mybagispink Youareadoctor 3 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) vt 賓語(yǔ) n pron IhaveanEnglishbook 否定結(jié)構(gòu)be not助動(dòng)詞do does did will等 not 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 一般疑問(wèn)句把be have和助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)前Areyoulisteningtome Haveyouanyball pens Doyouenjoysports 特殊疑問(wèn)句用疑問(wèn)代詞 疑問(wèn)副詞 who whose which what wherewhattime when why how 1 Whatreferstothings Whatisyourfavoritesport 2 Wherereferstoplaces Wheredoyoulive 3 Whenreferstotimes Whendoyougetupeveryday 4 Howoldreferstoages Howoldareyou 5 Howmanyreferstonumbers Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily SimonlivesinNewcastleuponTyne Edwinworksasanarchitect Simonwantstobeanengineer SimonparentsownaChineserestaurant Mayis12yearsold Mayhasaneldersisterandayoungerbrother Myfavoritehobbyisplayingthepiano IwanttobeateacherwhenIgrowup Simonwritesalettertohispenfriend Igotobedat10 00pm everyday Where What What What Howold What What What Who Whattime