中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 八年級下冊Unit 1課件 牛津版

8B Unit 1(Revision) 8B Unit 1Unit 1語言功能和重點語言功能和重點 1、識別反義詞并用于語境中； 2、用現(xiàn)在完成時討論過去發(fā)生的但仍與現(xiàn) 在有關(guān)聯(lián)的事件； 3、理解表示時間的狀語詞組的詞義并用于現(xiàn)在完成時； 4、討論因時間變遷而產(chǎn)生的變化； 第一部分第一部分詞詞 匯匯OPPOSITES(反義詞）反義詞）cheap easylikegoodhappyhighhotnewsamelongslowpossiblepoliteregularpleasantluckykindhonesthealthycorrectexpensivedifficultdislike/ unlikebadsadlowcoldolddifferentshortfast/ quickimpossibleimpoliteirregularunpleasantunluckyunkinddishonestunhealthyincorrect 根據(jù)要求寫出下列單詞的適當形式。1. pollute(名詞) 2. south (形容詞)3. change(復(fù)數(shù)) 4. tour（名詞）5.beautiful(名詞) 6.please(形容詞)7. easy (比較級) 8. marry(形容詞)9. recent (副詞)10. bring (過去分詞)11. cheap (反義詞)12. nature (形容詞)13. easy(反義詞)14. luck (形容詞)15. wife(復(fù)數(shù)) pollutionsouthernchangestouristbeautypleased, pleasanteasier marriedrecentlybroughtexpensivenaturaldifficult, hardluckywivesmarriage（名詞）pleasure名詞(副詞) luckily用所給詞的適當形式填空：用所給詞的適當形式填空：1.They had a very _ trip to Hangzhou. (please)2.My parents were very _ when I got good marks in the English test. (please) 3.Sally knows that city very _ because she used to lived there.(good)wellpleasantpleased用所給詞的適當形式填空：用所給詞的適當形式填空：4. Water _ is more terrible than noise _. (pollute)5. Guang dong Province is in the _ part of China. (south)6. Have you _ that youve made a big mistake? (realize)7. The girl felt _ because she failed in the exam again. (happy)pollutionpollutionsouthernrealizedunhappy用所給詞的適當形式填空：用所給詞的適當形式填空：8. The water in that river is much _ than before. (clean)9. The old man was _ when his wife died. (alone)10. You can take the following_ to stop it happening. (act)cleanerlonelyaction第二部分第二部分短語句型短語句型not any moreknow wellsince then in the southern part of town get married over the years change a lotturn into play Chinese chess water pollutionmuch cleaner in some ways a serious problem open space from time to timemove house1. 不再不再2. 很了解很了解3. 自打那時起自打那時起4. 在鎮(zhèn)的南部在鎮(zhèn)的南部5. 結(jié)婚結(jié)婚6. 這些年這些年7. 變化很大變化很大8. 變變?yōu)闉?. 下象棋下象棋10. 水污染水污染11. 干凈多了干凈多了12. 在某種程度上在某種程度上13. 一個嚴重的問題一個嚴重的問題14. 開闊的空間開闊的空間15. 時不時時不時16. 搬家搬家 as often as before over the past century the changes to Nanjing hear about /of in the past be in service/ use change a lot travel to town used to do move into / out of / away have time to relax more bring many advantages cause many problems a good place to go /tourist attraction have the same feeling17. 象以前一樣頻繁象以前一樣頻繁18.在過去的一百年中在過去的一百年中19.南京的變化南京的變化20.聽說聽說21.在過去在過去22.運營運營/使用使用/服務(wù)服務(wù)中中23.變化很大變化很大25.去鎮(zhèn)上旅游去鎮(zhèn)上旅游26.過去常做過去常做27.搬進搬進/出出/走走28.有時間多休息有時間多休息29.帶來許多好處帶來許多好處30.引發(fā)許多問題引發(fā)許多問題31.游客向往的地方游客向往的地方32.有相同的感受有相同的感受選用詞組的適當形式填空選用詞組的適當形式填空1.I miss my friends in the primary school _ because I cannot see them _ before.2.My uncle _ since he _.get married, turn into, in fact, change a lot, in the past, noise pollution, as often as, from time to time, not any more,as often as got marriedhas changed a lotfrom time to time選用詞組的適當形式填空選用詞組的適當形式填空get married, turn into, in fact, change a lot, in the past, noise pollution, as often as, from time to time, not any more3. There was _ in my living area _. But now it has become much quieter than before.4. Im afraid the post office _ there _ because things has changed a lot. noise pollutionin the pastisntany more選用詞組的適當形式填空選用詞組的適當形式填空get married, turn into, in fact, change a lot, in the past, noise pollution, as often as, from time to time, not any more5. He looks naughty. _, he is a very clever boy.6. We are trying our best to _ our country _ a modern and strong one.In fact turn intoFill in the blanks:Mr Chen knows Sunshine Town very _ . He lived with _ _ until he _ _. Then he and his wife _ _ another _ in the _ _ the town. Last year they _ _ because his children _ them a new _. But only _ _ _ he thinks life is better now. Many of his old friends _ _ _ _ other areas and he feels _ _ lonely _ _ _ _. got marriedmoved to in some wayshave moved toabitfrom time to timewellhis parentshousecentre movedboughtflatofagain重點句重點句1. I dont want to play with you any more. 2. It has changed a lot over the years. 3. The pollution was terrible then because the factory used to dump its waste into the river.4. The government realized it was a very serious problem and took action to reduce the pollution. 5. I feel a bit lonely from time to time.6.There were some small restaurants as well as shops and market stalls.7.It has been in service since 2002.8. The changes to Moonlight Town have brought many advantages, but they have also caused many problems for people.9. The environment is not as good as before.10.Its next to the clock tower, isnt it?第三部分第三部分詞匯的應(yīng)用詞匯的應(yīng)用change n./v.change a lotthe changes toYancheng _over the years. 這些年鹽城來變化很大！這些年鹽城來變化很大！There _ Yancheng over the years. Great changes _in Yancheng over the years. has changed a lot have been great changes in/tohave taken place get married 結(jié)婚 be/get married to Sb. marry Sb. 和某人結(jié)婚 Tom _ Mary in 1965. Mary _ Tom in 1965. Tom and Mary _ in 1965. Language pointsuse sth to do sth 用某物做某事用某物做某事be used to do /for doing sth 被用來做某事被用來做某事be used as sth被用為某物被用為某物be used to doing sth習(xí)慣于做某事習(xí)慣于做某事used to beused to studyFill in the blanks.1.There _(過去是）過去是）a clean river and it _(use) to wash clothes.2.Can you tell me different _(用處用處)of a computer?3.The new light rail _(投入使用投入使用)since 2005. 4.刀被用來切東西刀被用來切東西 Knives _5.以前，我不習(xí)慣早起以前，我不習(xí)慣早起 In the past, I _used to bewas used useshas been in useare used to cut things/for cutting thingswasnt used to getting up earlyHe feels lonely .He feels lonely .He spent doing his homework.We will visit there next week. from time to timesometimes some time sometimefrom time to timesometimessome timesometime一段時間一段時間某一時候某一時候有時有時 feel a bit lonely 感到有點兒寂寞 alone 單獨 , 一個人 ( 用作表語或狀 語 ) lonely 孤獨的,寂寞的,偏僻的 (作表語或定語 ) eg. 1. 他一個人單獨居住,但從不感到寂寞. He lives _, but he never feel _. 2. 他一個人住在偏僻的山村里. He _.lives alone in a lonely villagea bit/a little + adj.(adv.)a bit of /a little + 不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞He knows _French.eg.他懂得一點法語他懂得一點法語Shes _afraid of her father.a bit/a little a bit of /a little a bit of /a little/a bit 她有點她有點/有一點害怕她的父親。有一點害怕她的父親。have an interview with sbinterview sbInterview n/vMy parents_my teacher. = My parents_ my teacherThere are _some famous football players.我父母已經(jīng)采訪了我的老師我父母已經(jīng)采訪了我的老師have had an interview with have intervieweda number of interviews with 有很多采訪一些著名的足球運動員有很多采訪一些著名的足球運動員第四部分語法第四部分語法Present perfect tense一、現(xiàn)在完成時的定義一、現(xiàn)在完成時的定義定義定義1： 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的含義是表示過去發(fā)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的含義是表示過去發(fā)生的或已完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)生的或已完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。特點是既涉及過去，又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在：動作果。特點是既涉及過去，又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在：動作是過去發(fā)生的，結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在存在的。是過去發(fā)生的，結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在存在的。 She has gone. (她走了。她走了。)從這句話中動詞所用的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)可以看從這句話中動詞所用的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)可以看出出“走走”的動作是過去發(fā)生的，而對現(xiàn)在所的動作是過去發(fā)生的，而對現(xiàn)在所造成的結(jié)果是她不在這里了。造成的結(jié)果是她不在這里了。He speaks French so fluently. He learned it in Paris. He was there for two years.He has studied French. ( (他學(xué)過法語。他學(xué)過法語。) )這句話所說明的結(jié)果是他現(xiàn)在懂法語。這句話所說明的結(jié)果是他現(xiàn)在懂法語。Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard. ( (他已經(jīng)擦過黑板了。他已經(jīng)擦過黑板了。) ) 這句話所表示的結(jié)果是黑板現(xiàn)在是干凈的。這句話所表示的結(jié)果是黑板現(xiàn)在是干凈的。定義定義2：現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)還表示動作或狀態(tài)：現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)還表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至將來。從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至將來。Mike borrowed the books two days ago.Mike has kept the books for two days.二、現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成二、現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成1. 現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句句型現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句句型 主語（第一、二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù)主語（第一、二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù))+HAVE 主語（第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)）主語（第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)） +HAVE +過去分過去分詞詞 主語（第三人稱單數(shù)主語（第三人稱單數(shù)） +HAS 2. 現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句句型現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句句型 主語主語+have/has+not+過去分詞過去分詞+ I have not seen the movie yet. He hasnt been to Beijing since then We have lived in Beijing. He has lived in Beijing. I have finished my homework.3.現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句句型現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句句型 Have/Has+主語主語+過去分詞過去分詞+. Have you finished the work? Has she arrived here?4.現(xiàn)在完成時的特殊疑問句句型現(xiàn)在完成時的特殊疑問句句型 特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語主語+過去分詞過去分詞+. How many times have you been to the Great Wall?三、現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞三、現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞標志詞標志詞(1)：這種用法常與：這種用法常與ALREADY, JUST, YET, EVER, NEVER, RECENTLY,BEFORE(句句末末)等連用等連用1.I _ (do) my homework already.2.He _(not finished) his homework yet.3._you ever _(be) to Beijing?4.We _ never _ (see) such an exciting match before.5.Mother _ just _(clean) the house. Please dont come in.6.They _(practice) this dialogue twice.have donehas not finishedHavebeenhaveseenhascleanedhave practiced注意：當在肯定陳述句中含有注意：當在肯定陳述句中含有alreadyalready或或just just 時，在轉(zhuǎn)換成否定句或疑問句時，要把句中的時，在轉(zhuǎn)換成否定句或疑問句時，要把句中的already already 或或just just 去掉，在句末加上去掉，在句末加上yet.yet. I havent seen the film yet.2 I have done my homework already.I havent done my homework yet.3. Mother has just cleaned the house.Mother hasnt cleaned the house yet.1 I have seen the film already. 標志詞（標志詞（2）：這種用法）：這種用法還可還可與與 FOR +一段時間一段時間, SINCE+過去的時間點過去的時間點, THESE YEARS, SO FAR, IN THE PAST/LAST YEARS等連用等連用1.We _ (learn) English for three years/ since two years ago/since 2000.2.Mr. Green _ (be) in China these years.3.They _(write) 15 songs so far.4.The population _ (grow) more slowly in the past ten years.have learnedhas beenhave writtenhas grownATTENTION: SINCE的用法1. Since+ 過去某個時間（此時過去某個時間（此時 since充當介詞）充當介詞） Eg: He has been in this school since 1999.2. Since+一段時間一段時間+ ago （此時（此時 since充當介詞）充當介詞） Eg: She has known Susan since seven years ago.3. Since+ 從句從句 （此時（此時 since充當連詞）（此時主句使充當連詞）（此時主句使用完成時，從句則要使用過去時）用完成時，從句則要使用過去時）Eg: I have lived here since I was born.4.當主句的謂語動詞為當主句的謂語動詞為be或或seem時，則主句要采用一般時，則主句要采用一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在時,從句仍使用過去時。從句仍使用過去時。Eg: Its a long time since we left school. FOR OR SINCE1. We have lived here _ 1990.2. How long have you studied here ? _ 5 years .3. The boy has had a bad cold _ last night .4. Mr. Huang has kept the books _ a week ago .5.I have taught in the school _ I came here .6We have been friends _ a long time .sinceForsincesincesincefor切記有些動詞是非延續(xù)的，在此用法中要換成其相對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞：切記有些動詞是非延續(xù)的，在此用法中要換成其相對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞：arrive begin(start)die come backleave fall ill(sick, asleep)open close join borrow buy finish/end get/come to get married be in/on/atbe onbe deadbe backbe away (from)be ill(sick, asleep)be openbe closedbe in/ be a member ofkeephave be over be in/on/at be married 1.I _this book for two weeks, I have to return it now.A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept2.The Greens _many places of interest since they came to China.A. will visit B. visited C. have visited D. visit3.My parents _ Shandong for ten years.A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been4.Im sorry, I _ your name.A. had forgotten B. forgot C. have forgotten D. forgotten5.Her brother _the Party since 1978.A. joined B. has joined C. has been in D. was inExercise:have been to 曾經(jīng)去過某地（已返回）曾經(jīng)去過某地（已返回）Someone went to some place and has already come backhave been in 去某地一段時間去某地一段時間 someone stay in some place for some time have gone to 去了某地去了某地 （沒有回來）（沒有回來）Someone went to some place and is still there A BAA BB stay 2、三者的、三者的常見用法常見用法 have been (to) + 地點地點+次數(shù)次數(shù) have been (in) + 地點地點 + for/since have gone (to) + 地點地點3、共同點共同點 當后跟地點是當后跟地點是副詞副詞 (home,here,there)時，介詞時，介詞 省略。省略。1.A: Wheres Jim, Li Lei? B: He _his school library.2.The Greens _China for three years. We _the Great Wall twice. Its very beautiful.has gone tohave been inhave been toTranslation:Translation: 她以前曾去過上海。她以前曾去過上海。 She has been to Shanghai before. 他在上海他在上海1010年了。年了。 He has been in Shanghai for ten years. 他去上海了。他去上海了。He has gone to Shanghai.現(xiàn)在完成時，強調(diào)這一動作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時，強調(diào)這一動作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在的影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)。的影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)。 一般過去時，僅僅表示在過去某一時刻曾發(fā)生一般過去時，僅僅表示在過去某一時刻曾發(fā)生過這一動作，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)過這一動作，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。 他已學(xué)英語五年了他已學(xué)英語五年了。 He has studied English for five years. 他曾學(xué)過五年英語。他曾學(xué)過五年英語。 He studied English for five years. （說明他還繼續(xù)學(xué)下去）（說明他還繼續(xù)學(xué)下去） （只說明他過去學(xué)過五年英語，但現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了。）只說明他過去學(xué)過五年英語，但現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了。） 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時有一些明一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時有一些明顯的時間狀語：顯的時間狀語： 遇到遇到y(tǒng)esterday, Last year, in May, in+過去過去某一年，某一年，two days ago, just now等就用一等就用一般過去時。般過去時。當有當有 so far, in the past/ last few days(在過在過去去/最近的幾年里最近的幾年里)，since接過去時間狀語接過去時間狀語或過去時的句子或過去時的句子等常用現(xiàn)在完成時。等常用現(xiàn)在完成時。 用所給詞的適當形式填空：用所給詞的適當形式填空：He _(work) in our school for one year.He _(come) to our school last year.They _(cook) the supper already.They _ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.movelivelovelikevisitrepairwatchfinishvisited visited repaired repairedwatched watchedfinished finishedmoved moved lived lived loved loved liked liked verbed以以e結(jié)尾結(jié)尾dstopmoptrapplanstopped stopped mopped moppedtrapped trappedplanned planned注注:以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞,雙寫雙寫最后一個輔音字母最后一個輔音字母ed雙寫雙寫edstudy hurrystudied studiedhurried hurried去去yied注注:以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞結(jié)尾的詞,去去yied.Exercises:bringbuy fallfeel speak thinkwritebrought broughtbought boughtfell fallenfelt feltspoke spokenthought thoughtwrote written實力測驗實力測驗: 用所給詞的適當形式填空用所給詞的適當形式填空1.1.They_(go) to the cinema already.They_(go) to the cinema already.2.2.Mr. And Mrs.Li _(not come) Mr. And Mrs.Li _(not come) back yet.back yet.3.3.John_ (be)to the USA a few John_ (be)to the USA a few times.times.4.4.We _ (not see)that film yetWe _ (not see)that film yet5.5.I _ (not talk)to my cousin I _ (not talk)to my cousin since last Friday.since last Friday.6.6.You _ (not visit)me for a You _ (not visit)me for a long time.long time.have gonehave not comehas beenhave not seenhave not talkedhave not visited7. Tom _ (buy) the bike for 2 years.8.I (not finish) the work yet.9. you (know) him since then?10.I _ (hear) from my father recently.11.We _ (be) there many times in the past 3 years.12.The dog _ (die) since 3 days ago.13.They _ (finish)the work so far.14.How long you _ (stay) at home yet?15.I _ (not read) the book before.16. He just (do) it.17.My sister _ (walk) to school every day last year.18.We _ (have) an exam again sometime next week.19.By 2012, we _ (plant) 2000 trees.20.Lucy _ _ (go) to Shanghai. She _ (leave)this morning. havent finishedHaveknownhave heardhave beenhas been deadhave finishedhavestayedhavent readhasdonewalkedwill havehave plantedhas gonelefthas had中考鏈接一一.選擇填空選擇填空 1、Uncle Dong is _from time to time because he misses his old friends.A. lonely B. alone C. happy D. unkind2、Mr and Mrs Black _ back _.A. hasnt come, yet B. havent come , yet C. havent , come already D. hasnt come , already3、We havent seen each other _.A. for a long time B. two days ago C. for two days ago D. a long time ago.4、It has been in service _ 1998.A. in B. at C. or D. since5、It _ seven years _ Hong Kong return to China. A. was, since B. is, since C. was, after D. is , after6、- Where are Mike and Jack?- They _ the library.A. have gone B. have been to C. has been to D. has gone to7、There is a new bridge _ the Tsing Ma Bridge.A. call B. to call C. called D. calling.8.I _ you a happy holiday.A. hope B. wish C. want D. like9.I enjoy _ my friends on the internet on Sundays.A. chat B. chatting C. chatting to D. chatting with.10.In a dictionary which is always before tram.A. train B. try C. tree D. true11.The place _ be the home of wild red cranes.A. is used to B. used to C. is used D. was used to12.We hope you _ a happy holiday in Hong Kong.A. to have B. having C. had D. will have13.The old man was not _ to climb up the hill.A. healthy B. enough healthy C. health enough D. healthy enough14.- _ you _ the book _ to the library yet. - Yes. I have.A. Have ，returned，/ B. Have， returned， back C. Did return ，/ D. Did， return，back15.He has _ finished his homework. Hes now _ a rest.A. yet, having B. just, has C. ever, has D. already, having.Bye-bye!Bye-bye!