英語Module5 全部知識點略整

1. 重點單詞拼寫 1) How disappointed they were when their team was d by ours. defeated2) Two policemen as well as an expert were sent to h_the complex case. handle3) I advise you to have your leg e_ since it still hurts. examined4) It is important for us to develop the habit of a sentence _ structures. analysizing5) Have you heard that Martin got s_ injuries in the traffic accident? severe6) He got rather angry because the secret plan had been e _ to the newspaper. exposed7) The c_of the building will take at least one year. construction8) He got in touch with me I _ he arrived in this city.immediately9) What do you think of the final c_ they came to from the experiments? 10) Ten people are busy_ (抽) water from the river to the fields. conclusionpumping 2.重點詞詞形變換 1)The laboratory animals have been with the bacteria, which is highly . Any of you should avoid being exposed to . (infect)【答案】infected, infectious, infection2) He was interested in when young. After he grew up to be a , he liked to do experiments to test his ideas. (science)【答案】science, scientist, scientific3) The teacher from the evidence that she was wrong. And his proved to be right. (conclude)【答案】concluded, conclusion4) He infected a bacteria last month, and five days later. His is a great loss to our career. (die)【答案】deadly, died, death5) He to Beijing in 1988 and the proved to be important to the further development of his career. (move)【答案】moved, movement6) The information you collected is very and it is of gre to our work; while the information Tom offered is and isnt worthy of consideration. (value)【答案】valuable, value, valueless7) As experimented , both of you must try to the causes of the strike, and present a detailed of the situation. (analyse)8) The old man often us how to behave well in public and his made a deep impression on us. (instruct )【答案】 instructed, instruction9) Many factories have been in our city since last year, and a power station is under in the south. (construct)【答案】 constructed, construction10) He didnt know much about the subject, but he was very , and his made everyone else interested. (enthusiastic)【答案】 enthusiastic, enthusiasm 【答案】 analysts, analyse, analysis 返回單元菜單put forward a theory about black holes in scientific researchattend sb.expose. to. get interested in. absorb. into. believe indetermine to do sth. announce with certaintyprevent. fromdeal with polluted water come to an end1提出黑洞理論2在科學研究領(lǐng)域3照顧某人4曝露5對變得有興趣6吸收；吸入7信任8決定做9帶著肯定的語氣宣布10防止；阻止11處理受污染的水12結(jié)束；停止1take up a new career2be disappointed with3look into the source of the water4remove the handle from the pump5slow down6in addition to / apart from7link. to. 8have sth. delivered from. to 9die of cholera10be infected with a new virus 11be strict with sb12lead to1從事新的事業(yè)2對失望3調(diào)查水源4拆掉水泵的把手5延緩；減速；緩行6除以外7把與連起來；與有聯(lián)系8把從送到9死于霍亂10感染新的病毒11對嚴格12導致；通往 make sense 有意義；行得通the problem arose 出現(xiàn)問題a direct link between A and B A、B之間有直接聯(lián)系point of view 觀點in a logical order 按邏輯順序2. 從上面列舉的短語中選擇適當?shù)?，填入下面的空格?) She takes part in two other activities the basketball game.【答案】 in addition to/ apart from2) He can enter my office freely since I him.【答案】 believe in4) When we come to a cross, we must our car first, look around and pass.5) Everybody thought that it was my carelessness that the disaster.【答案】 slow down【答案】 led to3) After two monthsnegotiation, the despute between these two countries finally .【答案】 came to an end返回單元菜單1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (P2)every time在此句中引導一個時間狀語從句，意為“每次的時候”。Every time he phones I always seem to be in the bath.each time, next time, each day等表示時間的短語亦可引導時間狀語從句。Each time I walk in the park I can see the old man beg sitting beside the path.即時強化練習：翻譯下面句子1） 每次碰到學習上的困難，我都是獨自解決。 【答案】 Next time you come to Beijing, be sure to let me know in advance.2）下次你到北京來，務必要提前告訴我?！敬鸢浮?Every time I meet with difficulties in study,I solve it by myself.2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.（P6）make sense 有意義；有道理；合乎理性Read the article and tell me if it makes sense.It just doesnt make sense why do you do a thing like that?make sense of 了解；理解His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any sense of it at all.【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】beat/drive sense into sb 改變某人的行為、看法bring sb to his senses （使）不再做傻事；使蘇醒come to ones senses 使蘇醒in a sense 在某種意義上out of one senses 精神不正常；愚蠢a sixth sense 第六感覺即時強化練習：翻譯下面句子1. 還是早點走好。【答案】1) It would make sense to start early.【答案】2) Can you make sense of this poem?2. 你看得懂這首詩嗎？返回單元菜單1. Who put forward a theory about black holes? (P1)put forward：v. 提出；推薦；提名 e.g. He put forward a better plan. The government leaders will hold a meeting to discuss the proposal put forward by the workers.【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】put in 打斷；插嘴 put on 上演 put out 撲滅 put off 推遲 put on weight 增重 put up with 忍受；容忍 put into action/effect/practice 實施；實行 put up 舉起；張貼； put away 儲存；收拾2. draw a conclusion (P1) conclusion: n 結(jié)束；結(jié)論 at the conclusion of his speech 在他講話的末尾 bring sth. to a speedy conclusion 使迅速結(jié)束 come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 conclude: v 結(jié)束；相信某事；得出結(jié)論 The meeting concluded at 8 oclock. She concluded her talk with a funny story. Those are facts; what do you conclude from them?3. John Snow was a well-known doctor.that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. (P2)attend: v attend (to sb./sth.) 專心；照顧；參加 Attend to your work and stop talking. Could you attend to this matter immediately? Dr Smith attended her in hospital. They had a quiet wedding only a few friends attended (it).【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】常與介詞“to”在一起搭配的動詞短語如下：admit to，lead to，turn to，stick to，relate. to，look forward to，object to，adapt to，appeal to，refer to， contribute to, belong to, see to, get used to, be accustomed to, turn to等.4. It seemed the water was to blame. (P2)blame: v 責備；埋怨；歸咎于 If you fail the exam youll only have yourself to blame. She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. A bad workman blames his tools. be to blame (for sth) 對應付責任；應受責備 Which driver was to blame for the accident? She was in no way to blame. 決不應該責備她。 n. 責備；指責 The manager in this workshop took the blame for the accident. 車間主任承擔了事故的責任。5. In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broads Street outbreak. (P3) in addition (to) 加上, 除外, 又，相當于besides, apart from In addition to the names on the list there are six other applicants. 與addition相關(guān)的短語有: have an addition (to the family) 生孩子, 添人口 with the addition of 外加 Theyve just had an addition to the family. 他們家剛剛又添了一口人。 link A to/with B 把A和B連接或聯(lián)系起來 The newspaper has linked his name with hers. link. up 連接或聯(lián)系起來 The two spacecraft will link up with each other in orbit. 6., all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion.(P6)lead to 導致；引起；通往 All roads lead to Rome. The bridge leads to the island.【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】lead sb. by the nose 牽著某人的鼻子走；完全控制某人 lead the way (to sth) 帶路；先行 lead sb to believe that.使人相信（某假事或不確之事）7. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete. work on 從事（某項工作） We are working on a new plan for travel. 我們正在制定一個新的旅行計劃。 They were working on a report of their experiment. 他們正在寫他們的實驗報告。 When did they begin to work on the new design? 他們什么時候開始新的設計呢？ work on sb/sth 對起作用 His charm doesnt work on me. 他的魅力對我不起作用。【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】work out 解決；算出；有結(jié)果 work with 與協(xié)力工作 work for 為工作 work as 擔任；充當 work hard 努力工作/學習 set to work 著手工作；開始工作 out of work 失業(yè) get down to work 開始認真工作 at work 工作中；運轉(zhuǎn)中 get to work 開始/著手工作 a work of art 藝術(shù)作品返回單元菜單返回模塊菜單1. 重點單詞拼寫1) The US c of fifty states.【答案】consists2) After a long d , the House of Commons approved the bill.【答案】debate3) There is a close r between a proper diet and good health.【答案】 relation4) The tides are caused by the a of the moon for the earth.【答案】attraction5) The competition attracted over 500 contestants r eight different countries.【答案】representing6) If you dont know what this means, r to the dictionary.【答案】refer7) The s image of Lei Feng will forever live in the hearts of the people.【答案】splendid8) If you realize you are in e , you should correct it. 【答案】error9) A lawyer is employed on l matters. 【答案】legal 10)To the d of the children, they found many toys at the party.【答案】delight 2.重點詞詞形變換 1)A fence forms the between her land and mine. (divide)【答案】 division2) There are many parked cars in the street at night. (legal)【答案】 illegally3) My house is near a bus-stop. It is a great to have the doctor living near us. It is also useful to have a supermarket. (convenience)【答案】 conveniently, convenience, convenient4) Im very to her, but I have no attraction for her. That means she doesnt find me at all. (attract)【答案】 attracted, attraction, attractive5) He is a stamp . He liked stamps as a child, and now he has a of five thousand stamps, most of which are very precious. (collect)【答案】collector, collecting, collection6) I want about what to do today. I a tour of the museum. (suggest)【答案】suggestions, suggest7) You should yourself of every opportunity to speak English. I am this afternoon. Let me join you. (available)【答案】 avail, available8) Every athlete should play . If some athletes use drugs, it is to the others. (fair)【答案】 fair, unfair返回單元菜單1. 短語積累consist of 由構(gòu)成或組成be divided into 分成connect A to B 連接A和Bbreak away （from sb/sth） 擺脫；脫離；突然逃脫for convenience 為方便起見leave out 省去；遺漏a great attraction 很有吸引力的人或物take the place of. 取代；代替break down 出毛??；拋錨；細分；瓦解；克服on special occasions 在特別的場合in memory of 紀念某人；作為對的紀念be proud of 對感到驕傲或自豪be joined to. 與連起來2. 從上面列舉的短語中選擇適當?shù)模钊胂旅娴目崭裰?） He his large house flats.2） The place is to most of the visitors.3） The island the mainland by a bridge.【答案】 divided. into【答案】 a great attraction【答案】 is joined to返回單元菜單1.There is no need to debate any more why different words are used to describe the four countries.(P9)There is no need to do /that clause.: It is not necessary to do. 沒有必要做There is no need to worry even if you have never skied before. 【拓展】There is no need for sth. / for sb. to do sth. 沒有必要It is no good/no use doing. 沒有好處/用處做There is no possibility/chance that.不可能There is no difference whether.是否做沒有不同There is no doubt that. 毫無疑問There is no point/sense in doing.做沒有用即時強化練習：翻譯下面句子1) 沒必要為他的安全擔心。 【答案】 There is no need to worry about his safety.2) 她不可能說謊?！敬鸢浮?There is no possibility that she told a lie.2. Although the four countriesdo worktogether in some areas,. they are still very different.(P10)do/did/does + 動詞原形 結(jié)構(gòu)用來加強謂語動詞的語氣，相當于“的確；真的；務必”Do come early next time.He did go there with his brother yesterday. 即時強化練習：翻譯下面句子1) 務必記住帶一束花來。【答案】 Do remember to bring a bunch of flowers.2) 那藥對病人真的有效果?！敬鸢浮?The medicine does have some effect on the patient.返回單元菜單1. How many countries does the UK consist of ? (P9)consist of：由組成，相當于be made up of，但是注意consist of沒有被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài)。 The Group of Eight(G8)consists of the eight richest countries in the world.Her diet consists mainly of bread and vegetables.be made up of 由組成The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.This club is made up of more than 200 members.2. England can be divided into three main areas. (P9)be divided into 分成；分開The class is divided into several smaller groups to talk about different parts of the subject. divide sth out/up between /among 分或分配 We divided the work between us. divide. from. 將分隔開；在間劃分界線 The English Channel divides England from France. divide sth. by sth. 某數(shù)除以某數(shù) 30 divided by 6 is 5. division n 劃分；除法；部門3. However, just as they were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom, the southern part of that country broke away to form its own government. (P10) get+賓語+過去分詞 讓做；遭遇某事 When did you get your hair cut? I am trying to get it published. I cant get the car started. break away （from）與脫離；與斷絕關(guān)系 Modern music has broken away from the 18th century rules. Fortunately, he broke away from those people years ago. A large piece of ice broke away form the main block.【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】與away有關(guān)的常用搭配詞組 carry away 運走；搬走 die away （聲音、光線）等慢慢變?nèi)酰粷u漸消失 drive away 趕跑 give away 送掉；捐贈；敗露 keep away 遠離 put away 把收拾起來；儲存 take away 拿走 turn away 拒絕4. But London has been influenced only by some invaders of England.(P10) influence v.影響 I dont want to influence you either way, so I wont tell you my opinion. n 影響；作用 常與on, upon連用。Many educational experts urged that parents should have a good influence upon their children. She is a woman of influence in her family.5. Which country is left out? (P10) leave out 不包括或不提及；忽略掉 Leave me out of the quarrel, please I dont want to get involved. This word is wrongly spelt; youve left out a letter.【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】leave/let sb/sth alone 不打擾或不干預 leave hold of 松開 leave sth out of account/consideration 忽略某事；不重視某事 leave sth aside 忽視；不考慮某事 leave behind 未能或忘記帶；留下 leave off (doing sth) 停止（做） leave sth over 推遲6. All the words below can take the place of said,. (P12)take the place of = take ones place 代替；取代 Computer is very important, but it cant take the place of newspaper. He will take my place in the football team because I shall be absent for some time.【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】take place 發(fā)生 take ones place 坐下；就座；代替 from place to place 到處；各地 in the first place 首先 in place 在適當位置 in place of 取代；代替 out of place 不適當?shù)?地7. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare.(P13) in memory of sb = to the memory of sb 為紀念 He founded the charity in memory of his late wife.【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】有類似結(jié)構(gòu)的短語： in need of 需要 in time of 在時候 in order of 按順序 in front of 在 前面 in search of 尋找 in charge of 負責 in possession of 擁有 in danger of 在危險的時候返回單元菜單返回模塊菜單1. 重點單詞拼寫 1)A is a machine such as a car, bus, or truck which has an engine and is used to carry people from place to place.【答案】vehicle2) A sis a place where people have come to live and have built homes.【答案】settlement3) If someone or something makes an i , they have a strong effect on people or a situation.【答案】 impression4) The film rhim of what he had seen in China.【答案】 reminded5) He is so careless that he is c making mistakes in his homework.【答案】 constantly6) He asked us to a him in carrying through the plan.【答案】 assist7) When entering the park, all visitors are r to show their tickets.【答案】 required8) Despite his l of experience, he got the job.【答案】 lack9) We all wore m at the party and no one knew who we were.【答案】 masks10)Just p this button, and youll start the engine.【答案】 press2. 重點詞詞形變換 1)After the heavy rain, the path before my house became , and my shoes were covered with . (mud)【答案】 muddy, mud2)Can I be of any , sir? Yes, you work as Mrs Smiths these days andher in preparing a report. (assist)【答案】 assistance, assistant, assist3)The old mans hair is much than my grandpas. Its must be more than one meter. (long)【答案】longer, length4)Shall we go in the swimming pool after supper? No, I feel tired and I would rather have a hot in the. (bath)【答案】bathing, bath, bathroom5)Zoos are often by high walls, and the animals are not living in their natural . (surround)【答案】 surrounded, surroundings6)Not all foreign visitors satisfy legal entry . (require)【答案】requirements7)Customers will be impressed by the of our highly trained employees. (expert)【答案】expertise8)He is and unpredictable. Look, he is being in a . (mood)【答案】 moody, mood返回單元菜單1. 短語積累take up 拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù)；占據(jù)suffer from 患（病）；受苦be well known for 因為出名lack of. 缺少in no time 立即；馬上be on ones feet 站著get lost 迷路；失蹤；不知所措in all directions 四面八方；朝著不同方向lose/catch sight of 看不見/看見sweep up 打掃；橫掃remind. of. 提醒；使人想起for health reasons 由于健康原因press to stay longer 堅持長時間停留bend the rules 放寬規(guī)則；通融speed up 加速assist in 幫助；援助；協(xié)助go soft 變軟2. 從上面列舉的短語中選擇適當?shù)模钊胂旅娴目崭裰?）They spoke so quickly that I just. 【答案】got lost2） He retired early.【答案】 for health reasons3） Cant you a little? I was only a few minutes late.【答案】 bend the rules返回單元菜單1.you keep getting flash backs from your previous time period. (P17)keep doing sth 表示連續(xù)不斷的動作或狀態(tài)；還可表示反復發(fā)生的動作，這時相當于keep on doing sth。It kept raining the whole morning. (動作)They kept hoping that they would have a chance to visit China. （狀態(tài)）He kept (on ) asking me such questions.Keep on doing sth 表示繼續(xù)做某事。Ill keep on studying English after graduation.即時強化練習：翻譯下面句子你要是一直欺騙我，我怎么能相信你呢？【答案】How can I trust you if you keep (on) lying to me?2.Why not sit down and rest? (P18)Why not do sth? 用于提出建議或?qū)σ唤ㄗh表示同意,.Why not go now? (= Why dont we go now? )現(xiàn)在就去好不好？Lets go to the cinema. 我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍?。Why not? 好哇。即時強化練習：翻譯下面句子為何不試著培養(yǎng)你的性格？【答案】Why not try to train your character? (= Why dont you try to train your character?)3.Neither of these creatures is easy to talk to. (P22)此句中的主語與不定式之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，可轉(zhuǎn)換成：It iseasy to talk to neither of these creatures.句型結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語 + be + adj + to doThe man is difficult to get along with.The tool is heavy to carry.即時強化練習：翻譯下面句子1） 住在這間房間很舒服?！敬鸢浮縏he house is very comfortable to live in.返回單元菜單1. I still cannot believe that I am taking up my prize that was won last year. (P17) take up 接受；占據(jù)；拿起；開始從事；接著講 A valuable quality he has is that he would like to take up a challenge. His time is fully taken up by writing. He was admitted into a big company as deputy president, and he takes up his duties next week. She took up the story where John had left off.2. I suffered from “time lag”. (P17) suffer from 患（?。?；受苦 He suffers from heart failure. The village suffered terribly from the war. His health suffered from heavy drinking. suffer vt 經(jīng)歷；遭受 The city suffered serious damage from the earthquake. I wont suffer his bad manners any more. suffering n 苦難；苦楚 adj 受苦的；患病的3. I got lost when we reached what looked like a large market because of the people flying by in all directions. (P18) direction n 方向；方面；指導；管理 in the direction of. 朝著方向 in all directions 朝著各個方向 in different directions 朝著不同方向 in the same direction 朝著同一方向 obey/follow/listen to ones-directions 遵從/服從/聽從某人的指導 The directions for the use of medicine 藥物服用說明4. There were so many carriages that I lost sight of Wang Ping. (P18) sight n 視力；視覺；觀光地（常用復數(shù)） The old man lost his sight after an illness. In the afternoon, youll have a chance to relax or to go and see the sights. lose sight of 看不見 The child lost sight of his mother in the supermarket, worried, crying bitterly.【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】at first sight 一看見 at (the ) sight of 一看見 catch sight of 看見 in/within sight 看得見 out of sight 看不見 come into sight 進入視野 lose ones sight 失明 in the sight of law 從法律角度來看 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不見，心不煩。5. If you want to speed up, you must press down harder on the pedal. (P20) speed v 快速行進；疾駛；違章超速駕駛 n 速度 He sped down the street. The police said hed been speeding on the motorway. speed up 加速 Theyve speeded up production of the new car. The train soon speeded up.【詞匯網(wǎng)絡】 at a speed of fifty kilometers an hour 以每小時50公里的速度 at full/top speed = with all speed 全速 at a high/low speed 高速地/低速地 More haste, less speed. 欲速則不達。6. They have assisted in the discovery of planets round the fourth star in the Pleiades system. (P22) assist in 幫助；協(xié)助 The young assistant was very nervous when he first assisted in performing the experiment. assist 的常用句型: assist sb in /with sth；assist (sb) in doing sth；assist sb to do sth The boy assisted his father in cleaning the car. My father assisted in building our new house. He assisted us to establish a new company. = he assisted us in establishing a new company. assistance n 幫助；援助 assistor n 幫助者7. They required the same atmosphere as humans are great engineers. require vt 要求；請求；命令【常用句型】 require sb. to do sth; require (sth) of sb; require that clause (從句謂語用 虛擬語氣)require doing/ to be done Something is wrong with my PDA; I am afraid it requires repairing/ to be repaired. The college entrance examination requires us to drop everything else and focus our attention on study. The newly-arrived clerk isnt helpful at all. He only does whats required of him. Im sorry you cant leave now. The case requires that you should be he【詞語辨析】ask/demand/require/request 大多數(shù)情況下四個詞可以通用。 ask 比較口語化；require注重提出要求的權(quán)威性，根據(jù)客觀需要、規(guī) 章等要求某人做；request表示“正式或有禮貌地請求”；demand 常指 語氣強硬的要求，近乎命令，側(cè)重主觀上要求得到或要做；不用在 demand sb to do sth這個句型中。 ask sb for help=request/ask ones help =demand/request help from/of sb 請求某人幫忙 Men are required to wear ties in this restaurant. 在這家飯店工作的男人都要系領(lǐng)帶。 You are earnestly requested to be present at the wedding. 誠摯地請求你出席婚禮。返回單元菜單返回模塊菜單1. 重點單詞拼寫 1)Please write d