九年級英語全冊 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of（第3課時）Section A（Grammar Focus-4c） （新版）人教新目標版

第三課時Section A (Grammar Focus4c)Unit 5What are the shirts made of?單元同步語法精講一、主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)語態(tài)是英語句子中表明句子主語與謂語之間動作關系的一個概念，具體分為主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)兩種。主動語態(tài)表明的是“句子謂語動作是由主語發(fā)出，即主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者”這一種主謂關系。而被動語態(tài)表明的則是“句子謂語動作不是由主語發(fā)出的，主語反而是謂語動作的承受者”這一種主謂關系。eg：Many people speak English.許多人講英語。(主動語態(tài)，主語“Many people”是謂語動作“speak”的執(zhí)行者)English is spoken by many people.英語被許多人講。(被動語態(tài)，主語“English”是謂語動作“is spoken”的承受者)二、一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)其謂語結構為：am/is/are及物動詞的過去分詞1肯定句結構為：主語am/is/are及物動詞的過去分詞其他。eg：Farm machines are made in the factory.農用機械在那個工廠被制造。2否定句結構為：主語am/is/arenot及物動詞的過去分詞其他。eg：Farm machine are not made in the factory.農用機械沒有在那個工廠被制造。3一般疑問句結構為：Am/Is/Are主語及物動詞的過去分詞其他？eg：Are farm machines made in the factory？農用機械是在那個工廠被制造的嗎？【注意】happen，belong to，have，cost，last，own，stay等一般不用被動語態(tài)。taste，sound，prove，feel，look，smell等系動詞常用主動形式表示被動意義。除此之外，read，sell，wash，write等動詞用來說明主語的性質特征時，也常用主動形式表示被動意義。單元同步語法精練一、根據(jù)句意用所給詞的適當形式填空。1The letter _(write) in English.2Shanxi _well _(know) for The Qiaos Family Compound(喬家大院)3The trees _(cover) by snow yesterday.4Many boys _(invite) to the party last Sunday.5Our classroom _(clean) by the students every day.was_writtenisknownwere_coveredwere_invitedis_cleaned二、單項選擇。6Why does the earth look blue in space?Because most of the earths surface _ by water.(2016，黃石)AcoversBis coveredCcover Dare covered7Students do less homework now.Usually it _ before 9 oclock in the evening.(2016，重慶)Afinishes BfinishedCis finished Dwas finishedBC8Your classroom is so clean.(2016，綿陽)Of course.It _ every day.Ais cleaned Bwas cleanedCcleans Dcleaned 9A lot of trees _ around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now.Aplant Bis plantedCwere planted Dare plantedAD10More chances_for stu dents to learn from each other if working in groups.(2016，泰安)Aprovide Bare providedCprovided Dwill provideB三、將下列句子改為被動語態(tài)的句子。11People grow rice in the southern part of China.Rice _in the southern part of China.12Dad buy me a toy player every year.A toy _every year by Dad.13Where does he plant trees in spring?Where _in spring by him?is grownis bought for meare trees planted14His mother doesnt allow him to go out.He _go out by his mother.15Many travelers visit the Great Wall every year.The Great Wall _by many travelers every year.isnt allowed tois visited