高中英語 Building the future課件 牛津版選修10

高高 三三 英英 語語Module 10 Unit 1Building the futureReading-2Language points1. In 1985, there was little rainfall in Ethiopia, which led to destroyed harvests and killed cattle. (P2) 1985年，埃塞俄比亞幾乎沒有降雨，年，埃塞俄比亞幾乎沒有降雨，這導致收成損毀，牛蓄死亡。這導致收成損毀，牛蓄死亡。lead to1) 通向通向 All roads lead to Rome. 條條大路通羅馬條條大路通羅馬.2) 導致導致 Reducing speed limits should lead to fewer deaths on the roads.lead to (some place) 帶領帶領去去(某地某地)The waiter led us to our table / seats.The waiter show us the waylead to do = cause to do 導致導致做做What led you to believe this?What cause you to believe this?1. （06江蘇江蘇）- It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.- Well, you know what they say. _.A. There is no smoke without fireB. Practice makes perfectC. All roads lead to RomeD. No pains, no gainsD2. (04 湖北湖北)Once a decision has been made, all of us should it .A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to B2. cattle 用作為復數(shù)的集體名詞用作為復數(shù)的集體名詞It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.people, police, cattle, poultry, goods作主語作主語時時,謂語用復數(shù)謂語用復數(shù).The people in the city are very friendly.The police _ searching for the murderer.The cattle _ grazing near the river.All the goods _ arrived.arearehave2. The concert took place on 13 July 1985 in two locationsin London and in Philadelphiaand included the biggest stars of the time. (P2)1985年年7月月13日，音樂會在倫敦和費城兩地舉日，音樂會在倫敦和費城兩地舉行，出席者包括了當時最紅的巨星。行，出席者包括了當時最紅的巨星。 take place 發(fā)生，舉行發(fā)生，舉行 = happen ?take place, happen, occur, come about, break out1) take place 發(fā)生、舉行、舉辦發(fā)生、舉行、舉辦 一般指非偶然性事件的一般指非偶然性事件的“發(fā)生發(fā)生”，即這種事，即這種事件的發(fā)生一定有某種原因或事先的安排件的發(fā)生一定有某種原因或事先的安排.Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. The Olympic Games of 2008 will take place in Beijing. 2) happen 發(fā)生、碰巧發(fā)生、碰巧 一般用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件一般用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件 What happened to you? Maybe something unexpected happened. I happened to see him on my way home. = It (so) happened that I saw him on my way home.3) occur 發(fā)生、想到、突然想起發(fā)生、想到、突然想起 其意義相當于其意義相當于 happen What has occurred? (=What has happened?) A big earthquake occurred (=happened) in the south of China last month. It occurred to me that she didnt know I had moved into the new house. 4) come about 發(fā)生、產(chǎn)生發(fā)生、產(chǎn)生 多指事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，但還不知道為什么，常多指事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，但還不知道為什么，常用于疑問句和否定句用于疑問句和否定句. When Mother woke up, she didnt know what had come about. Do you know how the air accident came about?Ill never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.5) break out 發(fā)生、爆發(fā)發(fā)生、爆發(fā) 常指戰(zhàn)爭、災難、疾病或者爭吵等事件的常指戰(zhàn)爭、災難、疾病或者爭吵等事件的發(fā)生，也可以表示突然大聲叫喊等發(fā)生，也可以表示突然大聲叫喊等. Two world wars broke out last century. A fire broke out in the hospital in the mid-night. After the flood, diseases broke out here and there. She broke out, “That is too unfair!”place 常用短語常用短語give place toin placein place ofout of placetake the place of為為取代；讓位于取代；讓位于在通常的位置，在適當?shù)奈恢迷谕ǔ５奈恢?，在適當?shù)奈恢么娲嬖阱e誤的位置；在不適當?shù)奈恢迷阱e誤的位置；在不適當?shù)奈恢么?，替代代替，替?. The concert also received so much attention around the world that it put great pressure on politicians and malnutrition. 音樂會還受到了全世界的極大音樂會還受到了全世界的極大關注，這給政客們施加了巨大壓力，迫使他關注，這給政客們施加了巨大壓力，迫使他們?yōu)檫@次饑荒做一些事情。們?yōu)檫@次饑荒做一些事情。put pressure on 給給施加壓力施加壓力不要在把柄上太用力了，它會壞的。不要在把柄上太用力了，它會壞的。 Do not put much pressure on the handle, it may break.pressure noun U the force you produce when you press something 壓力壓力He put too much pressure on the door handle and it snapped (broke).You can stop bleeding by applying (using) pressure close to the injured area.1) (U / C) the force that a liquid or gas produces when it presses against an areagas / water pressureThe new material allows the company to make gas pipes which withstand higher pressures.The gas is stored under pressure (= in a container which keeps it at a higher pressure than it would usually have).4. On top of this, according to the United Nations, hunger and malnutrition claim ten million lives every year. (P2) on top ofadv. in addition to something, especially something unpleasant 另外另外We missed the train, and on top of that we had to wait for two hours for the next one.5. It is without doubt an amazing achievement, but is it enough? (P2) without doubtadv. used to emphasize your opinion: 毫無疑問地毫無疑問地She is without (a) doubt the best student I have ever taught.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. A. which B. that C. what D. whether(06) 廣東廣東 B6. They need help, but the sad truth is that food aid alone is not enough to help these countries. (P2) 它們需要幫助，但不幸的事實是僅有食物援助對它們需要幫助，但不幸的事實是僅有食物援助對幫助這些國家是不夠的。幫助這些國家是不夠的。alone adjective after noun only or without any others 僅有僅有,僅憑僅憑She alone must decide what to do (= no one else can do it for her).These facts alone (= even if nothing else is considered) show that hes not to be trusted.He wont get the job through charm alone (= he will need something else).The airfare alone would use up all my money, never mind the hotel bills.Price alone is not a reliable indicator of quality. He alone knows the secret.只有他一人知道秘密。只有他一人知道秘密。alone adjective after verb, adverb without other people 單獨的單獨的/地地He likes being alone in the house. She decided to climb the mountain alone.Do you like living alone?At last, were alone together (= there are just the two of us here).The Swedes arent alone in finding their language under pressure from the spread of English.I dont like the man and Im not alone in that (= other people agree).alone lonely這兩個詞都可作形容詞用，有這兩個詞都可作形容詞用，有“單獨單獨”的含的含義，但義，但 用法有差異。用法有差異。alone 強調客觀上獨自、強調客觀上獨自、獨立的、單獨一人在句中作表語。獨立的、單獨一人在句中作表語。He feels alone. 他感到孤獨。他感到孤獨。alone 還可作副詞用狀做語，修飾動詞還可作副詞用狀做語，修飾動詞He lives alone. 他單獨生活。他單獨生活。 lonely 只作形容詞，只作形容詞，“孤獨的，寂寞的孤獨的，寂寞的”，帶，帶有主觀上的感情色彩，形容失去朋友，缺乏友愛有主觀上的感情色彩，形容失去朋友，缺乏友愛和幫助，感到寂寞或悲哀。在句中作定語或表語。和幫助，感到寂寞或悲哀。在句中作定語或表語。lonely用于地點時，意為用于地點時，意為“荒涼的、偏僻的荒涼的、偏僻的”。當你獨自住在那個偏僻的屋子里時，你感到寂當你獨自住在那個偏僻的屋子里時，你感到寂寞嗎？寞嗎？Do you feel lonely when you lived alone in the lonely house?Were _ here. Were all by ourselves.A. old B. alone C. good D. lonelyB7. There is a saying that goes “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.”. (P3) 有句俗語是這樣說的：有句俗語是這樣說的：“授人以魚，三餐之需；授人授人以魚，三餐之需；授人以漁，終生之用。以漁，終生之用。”go: say, especially when a story is being told: 據(jù)說，據(jù)傳據(jù)說，據(jù)傳 I never want to see you ever again, he goes, and storms out the house.As the old saying goes, .常言說道常言說道- What should I do first?- The instructions _ that you should mix flour with water carefully first. A. go B. tell C. write D. sayD8. Clearly, development aid together with food aid is the long-term solution to the problem of poverty. (P3) 很顯然，發(fā)展援助和食品援助結合起來很顯然，發(fā)展援助和食品援助結合起來才是貧困問題的長期解決辦法。才是貧困問題的長期解決辦法。together with adv. in addition to; and also: 和和, 加之加之The money that I owe you for the telephone together with the rent equals 300.That bottle of champagne together with those chocolates will make a nice present. 當主語后面跟有由當主語后面跟有由as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等引導的從屬結構等引導的從屬結構,或跟有由或跟有由as well as, in addition to ,with, along with, together with, except 等引導的等引導的詞組時詞組時, 其后的動詞形式取決于主語的形式其后的動詞形式取決于主語的形式.The vessel, with its entire crew and cargo was lost. The ocean, as well as the gulf and the bay, provides good fishing. John, rather than his roommates, _ to blame. Hugh, as well as his two sisters, _ vacationing in Wyoming this summer. Some of the employees as much as the manager _ responsible for the failure. My husband, more than anyone else in the family, _ longing to go there again. Billy, together with his sisters, was wounded in the accident. No one except two girls _ late for school.isiswereisis9. Another important thing to remember is that the future for developing countries lies in the hands of children. (P3) 需要記住的另一件重要事情就是發(fā)展中國家的未需要記住的另一件重要事情就是發(fā)展中國家的未來存在于孩子們的手中。來存在于孩子們的手中。in the hands of 在在.掌握中掌握中hand n. control or responsibility 控制控制, 負責負責Things got a little out of hand (= the situation stopped being controlled) at the party and three windows were broken.The police have the situation in hand (= under control).How come theres a problem? I thought you had everything in hand (= arranged and organized).Their youngest child needs taking in hand if you ask me. (= they should start to control her) 10. There are hundreds of success stories like these from all over the developing world, showing that a lot is being done to fight poverty, but we cannot pretend that the fight is over. (P3)在各處的發(fā)展中國家有數(shù)以百計的這樣的故事，在各處的發(fā)展中國家有數(shù)以百計的這樣的故事，表明人們正在做許多事情與貧困作斗爭，但我表明人們正在做許多事情與貧困作斗爭，但我們不能佯稱斗爭已經(jīng)結束。們不能佯稱斗爭已經(jīng)結束。pretend v. behave as if something is true when you know that it is not, especially in order to deceive people or as a game 假裝假裝He pretended (that) he didnt mind, but I knew that he did.The children pretended (that) they were dinosaurs.Were you just pretending to be interested?1) He pretended he was sleeping when his parents arrived home.He pretended _ when his parents arrived home. 2) He pretended he hadnt learned the news.He pretended _ the news. 3) She pretended she had been employed.She pretended _.to be sleepingnot to have learnedto have been employed1. Geldof intended the concert to raise money for and public awareness of the famine. Geldof intended the concert to raise money for _ and _ public awareness of the famine.the famineraise2. In fact, hunger is the number one global health risk, killing more people than any diseases. = In fact, hunger is the number one global health risk, _ _ more people than any diseases.which kills3. There is a saying that goes Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime. _ the saying goes, a problem shared is a problem halved. _ an old saying that honesty is the best policy.AsTheres / Its4. The infrastructure of a country is what makes everything run smoothly. what = the thing which / that1) The care center is _ used to be a factory, where millions of tractors were made.2) The other day my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was dangerous speed. what = the place that/whichwhat = the speed that / which11. in times of (P5) 在在時候時候 in time(s) of danger / hardship / war / trouble 在危險在危險 / 艱苦艱苦 戰(zhàn)爭戰(zhàn)爭/ 出亂子的時候出亂子的時候Some ants will act as guards in time of trouble.Every family will store some food and drinking water in time of war.6. Developing countries can do this if they switch from importing food to producing it.switch n. 改變改變, 轉變轉變; (電路的電路的) 開關開關, 閘閘, 轉換器轉換器We had to make a switch in our arrangements.我們不得不對我們的安排作些調整。我們不得不對我們的安排作些調整。Wheres the light switch?電燈開關在哪里？電燈開關在哪里？switch v. 改變，轉變；交換，對調改變，轉變；交換，對調They kept switching meeting places.他們不斷改變碰頭地點。他們不斷改變碰頭地點。The dates of the two meetings have been switched.這兩個會議的日期調換了。這兩個會議的日期調換了。switch from (to) 變換，轉移變換，轉移switch on / off 開開/關（電燈、機器等）關（電燈、機器等）switch to 轉換轉換(話題、節(jié)目等話題、節(jié)目等)，轉而談論，轉而談論用適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。用適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。1. Switch _ the TV before you go out.2. Weve switched the meeting _ Tuesday _ Thursday.3. I used to play golf but I switched _ tennis to get more exercise.4. Petrol can be chosen _ the flick of a switch. offfromto toatHomework