小型餐飲管理系統(tǒng) 數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告

第一章 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)與要求目的及意義：此小型餐飲業(yè)管理系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)主要是為了方便管理，對于各個(gè)進(jìn)出賬目，支出和收入的管理便于系統(tǒng)化，在每月匯總計(jì)算中分析運(yùn)營趨勢和餐館的發(fā)展方向進(jìn)行一定的規(guī)劃。通過各個(gè)月的盈利進(jìn)行對比，分析那種方式更適合餐館的有利運(yùn)營和更好地服務(wù)顧客。實(shí)現(xiàn)對餐館內(nèi)部各種管理的電子化、自動(dòng)化，提高各個(gè)模塊之間的辦公效率，為高質(zhì)量餐館服務(wù)提供保證。任務(wù)：1.能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對該系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行管理的人員的權(quán)限限制；2.使餐館能夠及時(shí)并靈活的對菜品品種其價(jià)位等進(jìn)行管理；3.為餐館提供從客戶點(diǎn)餐到結(jié)算等一系列操作的服務(wù)，使之能簡單易行、方便、 清楚地進(jìn)行管理第二章 系統(tǒng)功能分析一功能需求：餐飲管理系統(tǒng)中主要包括對以下幾種管理：賬單管理，財(cái)務(wù)管理，訂餐管理，菜品管理，系統(tǒng)管理。（1）系統(tǒng)管理：系統(tǒng)管理包括用戶名和密碼，主要用于用戶登陸界面登陸和查詢。（2）賬單管理：賬單管理包括賬單號和餐臺(tái)，每一個(gè)餐臺(tái)對應(yīng)一個(gè)一個(gè)賬單號，通過餐臺(tái)號的記錄來對對應(yīng)的餐臺(tái)進(jìn)行記賬管理，即就是記錄每一個(gè)餐臺(tái)的消費(fèi)金額。賬單管理是財(cái)務(wù)管理的一個(gè)小分支，是服務(wù)于財(cái)務(wù)管理的。（3）財(cái)務(wù)管理：包括賬單號，時(shí)間和賬目。賬目用于記錄賬單號的消費(fèi)金額及時(shí)間，以便用于結(jié)算和匯總。每日的結(jié)算要通過對每個(gè)餐臺(tái)號的消費(fèi)金額匯總來記錄，然后由每日的結(jié)算匯總得出每月的結(jié)算。帳務(wù)系統(tǒng)功能的完整性。一旦該系統(tǒng)正式運(yùn)行，餐廳每日營業(yè)帳和全部往來客戶帳務(wù)的操作結(jié)算都將依靠計(jì)算機(jī)，該系統(tǒng)面對當(dāng)前餐飲業(yè)各種復(fù)雜的結(jié)算要求應(yīng)具有很強(qiáng)的應(yīng)變能力。（4）訂餐管理：訂餐管理僅包括單價(jià)。訂餐管理是便于顧客訂餐和賬單管理時(shí)對各個(gè)菜品消費(fèi)金額的記錄，這樣便于賬單管理和財(cái)務(wù)匯總。 （5）菜品管理：菜品管理包括菜名，菜品類別和菜品品種。菜品管理便于顧客點(diǎn)菜和記錄各個(gè)餐臺(tái)的消費(fèi)記賬，菜品品種也便于餐館的食材采購。二. 數(shù)據(jù)需求：賬單管理中賬單號是主鍵，每一個(gè)餐臺(tái)對應(yīng)一個(gè)賬單號。財(cái)務(wù)管理中賬單號是主鍵，每一個(gè)賬單號都有對應(yīng)的時(shí)間和賬目記錄。訂餐管理中單價(jià)就是主鍵。菜品管理中菜名是主鍵。系統(tǒng)管理中用戶名是主鍵。三. 性能需求：該餐飲系統(tǒng)操作簡單方便可適應(yīng)各類中小型餐館。第三章 系統(tǒng)功能模塊設(shè)計(jì)一. 在該系統(tǒng)功能分析的基礎(chǔ)上，考慮PowerBuilder程序編制的特點(diǎn)，得到如下功能模塊圖。小型餐飲業(yè)管理系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)管理賬單管理訂餐管理財(cái)務(wù)管理菜品管理用戶管理密碼管理賬單號管理餐臺(tái)管理訂單查詢餐臺(tái)點(diǎn)餐管理每日賬目管理賬目時(shí)間管理菜名管理菜品管理菜價(jià)管理類別管理圖1 系統(tǒng)功能模塊圖二. 數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)計(jì)1. 概念結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)2. 邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)3. 數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)施 1) 數(shù)據(jù)庫及表結(jié)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)建 設(shè)本系統(tǒng)使用的數(shù)據(jù)庫名為小型餐飲業(yè)管理系統(tǒng),根據(jù)已設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)系模式及各模式的完整性要求，現(xiàn)在就可以在SQL Server 6.x數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)中實(shí)現(xiàn)這些邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。下面是創(chuàng)建基本表的SQL語句：/* = */* Table: CAIPINGL */* = */create table CAIPINGL( CPGL_NAME char(20) not null, CPGL_DANJIA integer not null, CPGL_LEIBIE char(8) null , CPGL_PINGZHONG char(8) null , CPGL_DIANCAI integer null , constraint PK_CAIPINGL primary key (CPGL_NAME, CPGL_DANJIA)go/* = */* Table: XTGL */* = */create table XTGL( USERNAME char(20) not null, PASSWORD char(8) not null, constraint PK_XTGL primary key (USERNAME, PASSWORD)go/* = */* Table: ZHANGDAGL */* = */create table ZHANGDAGL( ZHANGDAN_NUMBER numeric not null, ZHANGDAN_CANTAI numeric null , CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER numeric null , constraint PK_ZHANGDAGL primary key (ZHANGDAN_NUMBER)go/* = */* Index: RELATION_383_FK */* = */create index RELATION_383_FK on ZHANGDAGL (CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER)go/* = */* Table: CAIWUGL */* = */create table CAIWUGL( ZHANGDAN_NUMBER numeric not null, CAIWU_TIME timestamp null , CAIWU_AMOUNT char(10) null , constraint PK_CAIWUGL primary key (ZHANGDAN_NUMBER)go/* = */* Table: DINGCANGL */* = */create table DINGCANGL( ZHANGDAN_NUMBER numeric not null, DCGL_NAME char(20) not null, DCGL_DANJIA int not null, constraint PK_DINGCANGL primary key (ZHANGDAN_NUMBER, DCGL_NAME, DCGL_DANJIA)go/* = */* Index: RELATION_451_FK */* = */create index RELATION_451_FK on DINGCANGL (ZHANGDAN_NUMBER)go建立相關(guān)觸發(fā)器，執(zhí)行級聯(lián)刪除* = */* Database name: MODEL_1 */* DBMS name: Microsoft SQL Server 6.x */* Created on: 2010-1-21 18:15 */* = */* Insert trigger "ti_caiwugl" for table "CAIWUGL" */create trigger ti_caiwugl on CAIWUGL for insert asbegin declare numrows int, numnull int, errno int, errmsg varchar(255) select numrows = rowcount if numrows = 0 return /* Parent "ZHANGDAGL" must exist when inserting a child in "CAIWUGL" */ if update(ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) begin if (select count(*) from ZHANGDAGL t1, inserted t2 where t1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = t2.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) != numrows begin select errno = 30002, errmsg = 'Parent does not exist in "ZHANGDAGL". Cannot create child in "CAIWUGL".' goto error end end return/* Errors handling */error: raiserror errno errmsg rollback transactionendgo/* Update trigger "tu_caiwugl" for table "CAIWUGL" */create trigger tu_caiwugl on CAIWUGL for update asbegin declare numrows int, numnull int, errno int, errmsg varchar(255) select numrows = rowcount if numrows = 0 return /* Parent "ZHANGDAGL" must exist when updating a child in "CAIWUGL" */ if update(ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) begin if (select count(*) from ZHANGDAGL t1, inserted t2 where t1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = t2.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) != numrows begin select errno = 30003, errmsg = '"ZHANGDAGL" does not exist. Cannot modify child in "CAIWUGL".' goto error end end /* Modify parent code of "CAIWUGL" for all children in "ZHANGDAGL" */ if update(ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) begin update ZHANGDAGL set CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = i1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER from ZHANGDAGL t2, inserted i1, deleted d1 where t2.CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = d1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER and (i1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER != d1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) end return/* Errors handling */error: raiserror errno errmsg rollback transactionendgo/* Delete trigger "td_caiwugl" for table "CAIWUGL" */create trigger td_caiwugl on CAIWUGL for delete asbegin declare numrows int, errno int, errmsg varchar(255) select numrows = rowcount if numrows = 0 return /* Delete all children in "ZHANGDAGL" */ delete ZHANGDAGL from ZHANGDAGL t2, deleted t1 where t2.CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = t1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER return/* Errors handling */error: raiserror errno errmsg rollback transactionendgo/* Insert trigger "ti_dingcangl" for table "DINGCANGL" */create trigger ti_dingcangl on DINGCANGL for insert asbegin declare numrows int, numnull int, errno int, errmsg varchar(255) select numrows = rowcount if numrows = 0 return /* Parent "ZHANGDAGL" must exist when inserting a child in "DINGCANGL" */ if update(ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) begin if (select count(*) from ZHANGDAGL t1, inserted t2 where t1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = t2.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) != numrows begin select errno = 30002, errmsg = 'Parent does not exist in "ZHANGDAGL". Cannot create child in "DINGCANGL".' goto error end end return/* Errors handling */error: raiserror errno errmsg rollback transactionendgo/* Update trigger "tu_dingcangl" for table "DINGCANGL" */create trigger tu_dingcangl on DINGCANGL for update asbegin declare numrows int, numnull int, errno int, errmsg varchar(255) select numrows = rowcount if numrows = 0 return /* Parent "ZHANGDAGL" must exist when updating a child in "DINGCANGL" */ if update(ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) begin if (select count(*) from ZHANGDAGL t1, inserted t2 where t1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = t2.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) != numrows begin select errno = 30003, errmsg = '"ZHANGDAGL" does not exist. Cannot modify child in "DINGCANGL".' goto error end end return/* Errors handling */error: raiserror errno errmsg rollback transactionendgo/* Insert trigger "ti_zhangdagl" for table "ZHANGDAGL" */create trigger ti_zhangdagl on ZHANGDAGL for insert asbegin declare numrows int, numnull int, errno int, errmsg varchar(255) select numrows = rowcount if numrows = 0 return /* Parent "CAIWUGL" must exist when inserting a child in "ZHANGDAGL" */ if update(CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) begin select numnull = (select count(*) from inserted where CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER is null) if numnull != numrows if (select count(*) from CAIWUGL t1, inserted t2 where t1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = t2.CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) != numrows - numnull begin select errno = 30002, errmsg = 'Parent does not exist in "CAIWUGL". Cannot create child in "ZHANGDAGL".' goto error end end return/* Errors handling */error: raiserror errno errmsg rollback transactionendgo/* Update trigger "tu_zhangdagl" for table "ZHANGDAGL" */create trigger tu_zhangdagl on ZHANGDAGL for update asbegin declare numrows int, numnull int, errno int, errmsg varchar(255) select numrows = rowcount if numrows = 0 return /* Parent "CAIWUGL" must exist when updating a child in "ZHANGDAGL" */ if update(CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) begin select numnull = (select count(*) from inserted where CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER is null) if numnull != numrows if (select count(*) from CAIWUGL t1, inserted t2 where t1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = t2.CAI_ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) != numrows - numnull begin select errno = 30003, errmsg = '"CAIWUGL" does not exist. Cannot modify child in "ZHANGDAGL".' goto error end end /* Modify parent code of "ZHANGDAGL" for all children in "CAIWUGL" */ if update(ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) begin update CAIWUGL set ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = i1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER from CAIWUGL t2, inserted i1, deleted d1 where t2.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = d1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER and (i1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER != d1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) end /* Modify parent code of "ZHANGDAGL" for all children in "DINGCANGL" */ if update(ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) begin update DINGCANGL set ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = i1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER from DINGCANGL t2, inserted i1, deleted d1 where t2.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = d1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER and (i1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER != d1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER) end return/* Errors handling */error: raiserror errno errmsg rollback transactionendgo/* Delete trigger "td_zhangdagl" for table "ZHANGDAGL" */create trigger td_zhangdagl on ZHANGDAGL for delete asbegin declare numrows int, errno int, errmsg varchar(255) select numrows = rowcount if numrows = 0 return /* Delete all children in "CAIWUGL" */ delete CAIWUGL from CAIWUGL t2, deleted t1 where t2.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = t1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER /* Delete all children in "DINGCANGL" */ delete DINGCANGL from DINGCANGL t2, deleted t1 where t2.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER = t1.ZHANGDAN_NUMBER return/* Errors handling */error: raiserror errno errmsg rollback transactionendgo2) 數(shù)據(jù)庫前臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì) 根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)庫的設(shè)計(jì)，該餐飲業(yè)管理系統(tǒng)可以分成四個(gè)子模塊：§ 訂餐管理 根據(jù)客戶的點(diǎn)菜單，采用checkbox從已有菜品中選定菜品，并記錄。§ 菜品管理 用戶可以根據(jù)餐館現(xiàn)行情況動(dòng)態(tài)管理菜品，可以對菜品進(jìn)行品種、類別的分類，并可以即時(shí)調(diào)整菜價(jià)；對菜品的調(diào)整，如添加刪除，會(huì)級聯(lián)添加和刪除訂餐管理中菜單一欄中的內(nèi)容。§ 賬單管理 用戶根據(jù)現(xiàn)餐館內(nèi)的用餐情況對各餐臺(tái)進(jìn)行管理，同時(shí)可以查詢客戶的點(diǎn)餐情況。§ 財(cái)務(wù)管理 記錄餐館的營業(yè)情況，按時(shí)間、賬單號進(jìn)行管理，同時(shí)可用于客戶結(jié)賬。第四章 運(yùn)行結(jié)果與測試一 系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行1. 系統(tǒng)登錄界面 用戶輸入已注冊過的用戶名和密碼，非法用戶不得進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)。2. 總系統(tǒng)界面 用戶根據(jù)需要對系統(tǒng)選擇相應(yīng)功能，進(jìn)行模塊化管理。3. 賬單管理系統(tǒng)界面 一個(gè)賬單號對應(yīng)一個(gè)客戶，通過賬單號對各個(gè)客戶的消費(fèi)進(jìn)行管理，可進(jìn)行添加刪除操作，并可對各個(gè)客戶的消費(fèi)情況進(jìn)行查詢。4. 訂餐管理系統(tǒng) 用戶依據(jù)客戶的點(diǎn)菜單，以打勾方式，從右邊的菜單框中選擇菜品輸入到左邊訂餐框中，從而對客戶的消費(fèi)進(jìn)行記錄。5. 菜品管理管理系統(tǒng) 用戶根據(jù)需要可即時(shí)調(diào)整菜品的菜名、品種、類別、單價(jià)，同時(shí)可以進(jìn)行查詢當(dāng)前菜品情況。6. 財(cái)務(wù)管理系統(tǒng) 記錄各個(gè)客戶的消費(fèi)時(shí)間（結(jié)賬時(shí)間）、賬單號、賬目，方便日后進(jìn)行財(cái)務(wù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，和核對；可進(jìn)行添加、刪除、查詢操作。二 調(diào)試中出現(xiàn)的問題說明與解決1. 在做訂餐管理系統(tǒng)時(shí)，出現(xiàn)訂餐結(jié)果無法輸入到數(shù)據(jù)庫的現(xiàn)象。經(jīng)檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)是主鍵設(shè)置出現(xiàn)問題，修改后系統(tǒng)正常運(yùn)行。2. 做賬目管理系統(tǒng)時(shí)，時(shí)間屬性無法輸入，經(jīng)檢查，是在概念模型設(shè)置時(shí)所選擇的格式不當(dāng)導(dǎo)致SQL語句生成出現(xiàn)問題，修改后系統(tǒng)正常運(yùn)行。參考資料：數(shù)據(jù)庫原理與應(yīng)用 作者：高榮芳PowerBuilder數(shù)據(jù)庫開發(fā)技術(shù) 作者：陳佳友