【人教版】八年級(jí)下冊(cè)：Unit 2 I39;ll help to clean up the city parks.教師版

精品資料Unit 2 學(xué)生通過(guò)本講學(xué)習(xí)，能夠掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯句型，并在綜合能力上有一定的拓展。1. Alone/lonelyalone為形容詞,意為“單獨(dú)的”,只作表語(yǔ),不能作定語(yǔ).側(cè)重說(shuō)明獨(dú)自一人,沒(méi)有助手或同伴,沒(méi)有感情色彩的，只表示客觀的狀態(tài).lonely意為“孤獨(dú)的”,表示主觀上感到孤獨(dú)、寂寞,有較濃的感*彩,指因缺少朋友、同情、友誼等產(chǎn)生的一種悲傷和憂郁的感情.它為形容詞,在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ).作定語(yǔ)時(shí),意為“荒涼；偏僻”,多修飾表示地點(diǎn)的名詞.alone還可以作副詞.alone 副詞 adv.單獨(dú)；獨(dú)自 She went home alone.她獨(dú)自回家去了.After his wife died,he lived alone.他的妻子死后,他一個(gè)人生活.2. Used to/ be used to doing/ be used to doUsed to do: 過(guò)去常常做某事，意思為現(xiàn)在不做了Be used to sth/doing sth: 習(xí)慣于做某事，to在這為介詞Be used to do sth: 被用作去做某事，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一種形式3. Give out/give awaygive away 1.捐獻(xiàn),贈(zèng)送 He gave away most of his money to charity.他把大部分金錢捐給了慈善事業(yè). 2.頒發(fā),分送 The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.在學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)那天市長(zhǎng)頒發(fā)了獎(jiǎng)品. 3.（由于粗心）丟失、錯(cuò)過(guò)（機(jī)會(huì)） They gave away their last chance of winning the match.他們錯(cuò)過(guò)了比賽取勝的最后機(jī)會(huì). give sth/sb away （有意無(wú)意地）泄露 She gave away state secrets to the enemy.她向敵人泄露了國(guó)家機(jī)密. His broad Liverpool accent gave him away.他那濃重的利物浦口音暴露了他的身份. give sth. off放出（氣味,熱量等） The cooker is giving off a fuuny smell.鍋里正在冒出一種怪味. give out 1.用盡;耗盡 Her patience finally gave out.她終于失去耐心了. 2.（指引擎、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)）停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；失靈 One of the plane's engines gave out in the mid-Atlantic.在大西洋中部上空飛機(jī)的一個(gè)引擎失靈了. give sth.out 1.分發(fā)；散發(fā) The teacher gave out the examination papers.老師分發(fā)了試卷. 2.放出；發(fā)出 The radiator is giving out a lot of heat.散熱器散發(fā)著大量的熱. 3.宣布；廣播 The news of the President's death was giving out in a broad-cast.總統(tǒng)故去的消息在無(wú)線電中廣播了. 其中在表示“散發(fā)；放出（氣味,熱量等）的意思時(shí),give off 和 give out 的用法是一樣的,都解釋為"send out or emit sth."Put off/take off/get off/ set off4. Interest/interesting/interestedInterest做動(dòng)詞意思為使別人感興趣 interest sb.Interesting 做形容詞，多以物做主語(yǔ)，表示使別人感興趣的Interested 做形容詞，多以人做主語(yǔ)，表示對(duì)。感興趣的。5. Set up/ put up/ look upSet up:建立，設(shè)立Put up：張貼，舉起Look up：查找，向上看1. - Peter has changed a lot, hasn't he?- Yes. He used to   the guitar, but now he is more   in playing soccer. A. plays; interestedB. play; interested C. play; interestingD. playing; interest解析：通過(guò)題意可知Peter是過(guò)去彈吉他，但現(xiàn)在對(duì)踢足球更感興趣，故選B。2. Because of the bad weather, we have to   the meeting till next week. A. take offB. get offC. put offD. set off解析：take off：脫下，起飛；get off：下車；put off: 拖延，延期；set off：出發(fā)，故選C。3. My aunt   a teacher, but now she is a reporter. A. was used to beB. is used to be C. used to beD. is used to解析：根據(jù)題意可知，我的姑姑曾經(jīng)是個(gè)老師，曾經(jīng)是的固定搭配為used to do/be,故選C。4. If I stay at home  , I might feel  . A. alone; aloneB. lonely; lonely C. alone; lonelyD. lonely; alone解析：alone 副詞 adv.單獨(dú)；獨(dú)自，指數(shù)量上的意義，lonely 形容詞，孤獨(dú)的，指情感上的，故本題選C5. - Oh, dear! Your room is untidy.- Sorry, mom. I'll  . A. set it upB. clean it upC. put it upD. look it up解析：依據(jù)題意為我將要把我的房間打掃干凈，故選B?；A(chǔ)演練1. Be quiet, please. We're going to have an English test. Now I'm going to   your papers. A. give outB. give upC. give backD. give away 2. Mary used to   to work, but she is used to   to work now. A. riding a bike; taking a busB. riding a bike; take a bus C. ride a bike; taking a busD. ride a bike; take a bus 3. Last night I suddenly   a way to work out the problem. A. come upB. came alongC. came up withD. came down 4. We should never   till tomorrow what we can do today. A. put onB. put offC. put upD. put out 5. He   go out with his parents, but now he   staying at home alone. A. used to; is used toB. is used to; used to C. use to; is used toD. is used to; is used to6. The old woman lives  , but she never feels  . A. alone; aloneB. alone; lonely C. lonely; aloneD. lonely; lonely7. - What will you donate for the charity?- I'll   some clothes because they are too small for me. A. give awayB. give upC. give outD. give in8. Teachers often   new textbooks to the students at the beginning of the new term. A. give awayB. give offC. give outD. give up9. The story is   and all of us are   in it. A. interest; interestingB. interesting; interest C. interested; interestingD. interesting; interested10. He has never seen so   a game, he was very  . A. excited; excitingB. exciting; excited C. exciting; excitingD. excited; excitedACCBA BACDB鞏固提高11. 學(xué)生們輪流打掃教室。The students took turns to     their classroom.12. 托尼今天不高興，我們讓他振奮起來(lái)吧。Tony is unhappy today. Let's      .13. 你的想法不錯(cuò)。但是我們需要嘗試一下它。Your idea is very good. But we need to   it  .14. 我簡(jiǎn)直無(wú)法想象這兒曾經(jīng)是個(gè)小漁村。I can't imagine that it       a small fishing village here.15. 因?yàn)橄麓笥辏\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)不得不推遲了。The sports meeting has to be     because of the heavy rain.16. 去年一個(gè)新的圖書(shū)館在這個(gè)學(xué)校被建立起來(lái)了。A new library was     in the school last year.17. 即使是最簡(jiǎn)單的日?；顒?dòng)也會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成影響。Even the simplest daily activities can also         the environment.18. 你會(huì)把你的舊東西贈(zèng)送給別人嗎？Can you     your old things to others?19. 請(qǐng)你幫我修一下自行車好嗎?Could you please help me     my bike?20. 他們正在組織一場(chǎng)才藝表演為慈善事業(yè)籌款。They're organizing a talent show to     for charity.11. clean up12. cheer him up13. try; out14. used to be15. put off16. set up17. make a difference to18. give away19. fix up20. raise money 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 1. - I think every child needs   at least(至少) eight hours a day.- I think so. A. sleepsB. sleepC. sleepingD. to sleep 2. I often see some boys   baseball after school. A. playB. to playC. playingD. are playing 3. - What should I do?- You   write him a letter. A. needB. wouldC. couldD. must 4. Please tell the children   making noise. The baby is sleeping. A. stopB. to stopC. stoppingD. stopped 5. The talk show on TV is very popular. It often makes people  . A. laughB. laughingC. to laughD. laughed 6. Lily encouraged her cousin   a holiday in China. A. spendsB. spentC. to spendD. spending 7. She won't let her daughter   by the river. A. playB. playsC. to playD. playing 8. In the country we often hear birds  . A. to singB. singsC. sangD. sing 9. The doctor asked Mary   too much chocolate. A. don't eatB. not to eatC. doesn't eatD. not eat10. - Would you like some apple juice?-   A. No, thanks.B. Yes, I'd like juice. C. No, please.D. It's delicious.二、完形填空 Each nation has many volunteers(志愿者) who help to take care of others. They 11   books to the people in hospitals or homes for the aged. Sometimes they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their 12  . Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or 13  . They paint, clean up, 14   their houses or do their shopping. For boys who no longer have 15  , there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or fishing places and help them to get to know things that boys 16   learn from their fathers. Each city has a number of clubs 17   boys and girls can go to play games or learn crafts(工藝). Some of these clubs organize short trips to the mountains, beaches, or other places of interest 18  . Most of these clubs use high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to 19   the names of boys and girls. Volunteers believe that the happiest people in the world are those who help to 20   happiness to others.11.A. sellB. readC. throwD. show12.A. voicesB. speechesC. songsD. problems13.A. youngB. happyC. oldD. hungry14.A. polluteB. repairC. buildD. remove15.A. brothersB. sistersC. fathersD. mothers16.A. usuallyB. neverC. onlyD. seldom17.A. whichB. whoC. whenD. where18.A. nearbyB. farawayC. abroadD. home19.A. reportB. forgetC. rememberD. choose20.A. causeB. bringC. takeD. lendBDCBC ADACB_一、翻譯(根據(jù)中文提示完成句子) 1. 你能想出其它辦法解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎?Can you       other ways to solve the question?2. “幸運(yùn)”對(duì)我的生活有很大的作用。Lucky         to my life.3. 我們經(jīng)常在街上看到人們發(fā)傳單。 We often see people     leaflets in the street.4. 當(dāng)你到北京時(shí)給我打電話。       when you get to Beijing.5. 因?yàn)橄麓笥?，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)不得不推遲了。The sports meeting has to be     because of the heavy rain.1. come up with2. makes a big difference3. give out4. Call me up5. put off二、閱讀理解A Every year, more and more students become volunteers. The projects may be with their school, neighborhood, or town, but the work of all volunteers is important. Students find that there are many advantages to volunteering. First, volunteering helps others. Many people complain about problems in our society. Volunteers are part of the solution to our problems! While it is easy to complain about things that are not right, the volunteer takes action rather than complaining. When a student spends time working at a retirement home, cleaning up a park, or teaching a younger student, the volunteer makes the world a better place. Second, being a volunteer makes students feel good about themselves. When a student volunteer knows that his or her efforts have made someone else's life better, the volunteer feels great. Students always hear people saying that everyone should care about other people. Volunteers make it happen. Although some volunteer work is long or tiring, student volunteers end the day knowing they did the right thing. Their parents, teachers, and the public are proud of them. Knowing they did the right thing makes them feel better, even if they are tired. Finally, students learn that volunteering is fun. A group of students might volunteer to clean up a riverbed in early spring. It is fun to be with their friends, to enjoy the weather, and to picnic later in a beautiful, clean area. Other students might read to young children in a playgroup. It is fun to spend time with children and to have them smile and laugh. No matter what their ages or talents are, every student can be a volunteer. The work of student volunteers is a powerful force that makes the world a better place.1. The title of this passage is  . A. Free-time JobsB. Daily Activities C. School LifeD. Volunteer Work2. The writer really wants to say that  . A. volunteering helps society as well as volunteers themselves B. it is fun to spend time volunteering in a pre-school C. some people complain instead of taking action D. some volunteer work is long and tiring3. According to the passage, how are volunteers different from other people? A. They never complain.B. They always feel great. C. They take actions.D. They enjoy teaching.B Become a volunteer and help those who need your help in your community(社區(qū))! Volunteer work includes helping the poor, helping the families whose houses were destroyed by natural disasters or creating green space for neighborhood families. Whichever(無(wú)論) service activity you choose, you have the "power of one" to make a difference and create a real change in the community! Our holiday volunteer jobs are open to all Americans. You don't need any special skills to join and there are no age limits(限制). With Biosphere Expedition (生物探險(xiǎn)), you can be a wildlife and environmental volunteer for anywhere from two weeks to two months. You'll work with local scientists, and the leaders from Biosphere Expedition will be by your side. We need students at the age of 16 and up who study at school and want a chance to use their talents, skills and knowledge to help the little kids. Most of them have enough patience and are warmhearted. Join the Volunteer Service Center today! Volunteers are the greatest people in the world. Let's work together to make the world a better place.4. The volunteers can   in the community. A. look after petsB. help the poor people C. buy houses for the homelessD. clean up the yards5. The Biosphere Expedition is probably held  . A. for three monthsB. in summer vacation C. only by local scientistsD. between America and China6. If Wu Dong is   years old, he may join the Volunteer Service Center. A. 11B. 13C. 15D. 177. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The volunteer should create green space for all the families. B. The volunteer can choose any service activity in the community. C. To do the holiday volunteer work, special skills are required. D. A boy who doesn't study at school can be a volunteer to help the little kids.8. What is the BEST title for these three ads? A. Volunteers WantedB. A Job Interview C. An Expedition ClubD. Education ServiceC How many things can you see in the night sky? A lot! On a clear night you might see the Moon, some planets, and thousands of shining stars. You can see even more with the help of new inventions. You might see stars where before you only saw dark space. You might see that many stars look larger than others. You might see that some stars that look white are really red or blue. With bigger and bigger telescopes you can see more and more objects in the sky. You can find out more about those objects. But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see. We won't see them with the biggest telescope in the world, on the clearest night of the year. That's because they can't be seen. They're the mysterious(神秘的) dead stars called black holes. You might find it hard to imagine that stars die. But stars do burn out and die after billions of years. As a star burns, it gives off light and heat. But when the star burns out, it begins to die. As the star cools, the outer parts of the star pull in toward the center. The star squashes into a smaller and smaller ball. If the star was very small, the star ends up as a cold, dark ball called a black dwarf (黑矮星). If the star was very big, it keeps squashing inward until it's packed together tighter(緊的) than anything in the universe. Imagine if the Earth were squashed until it was the size of a tiny ball. That's how tightly this dead star, a black hole, is packed. What pulls the star in toward its center with such power? It's the same force(力量) that pulls you down when you jumpthe force called gravity(重力). A black hole is so tightly packed that its gravity sucks(吸收) in everythingeven light. The light from a black hole can never come back to your eyes. That's why you see nothing but blackness. So the next time you look up into the night sky, remember: there's more in the sky! All over in the darkness are black holesthe great mystery of space.9. From the passage we know a black hole is  . A. a huge hole in the universe B. a group of stars packed together C. a dead star that is packed tightly D. complete silent darkness in space10. When a star squashes it will  . A. turn into a ballB. suck in everything C. get smaller and smallerD. become darker and darker11. The passage is mainly about  . A. how stars burn outB. what dead stars are C. how we can see more starsD. why stars give heat and light四、短文7選5 Mr. King works in a shop and drives a car for the manager. He drives carefully and can keep calm in time of danger. The manager pays him more. Mr. Baker, one of his friends, works in a factory outside the city. 12   As the traffic is crowded in the morning, sometimes he is late for work. He hopes to buy a car, but he hasn't enough money. 13   He chose a beautiful but cheap car. He said he wanted to have a trial(實(shí)驗(yàn)) drive, the seller agreed. He called Mr. King and asked him to help him.    14   At first he drove slowly and it worked well. Then he drove fast. And when he reached a crossing, the light turned red. He tried to stop it, but he failed and nearly hit an old woman. 15   However, the car went on until it hit a big tree by the road. What made such a good driver make this kind of mistake? A. Last week, he decided to buy an old one. B. A policeman told him to stop. C. He thinks it's good to walk to work. D. It is far from his house and he has to go to work by bus. E. Mr. King examined the car at first and then drove it away.DACBB DBACC BDAEB