2018-2019學(xué)年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 2 Working the land講義 新人教版必修4.doc

Unit 2 Working the land一、刷黑板.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)第一屏聽寫1statistic n數(shù)據(jù)；統(tǒng)計(jì)；統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字；統(tǒng)計(jì)資料2sunburnt adj. 曬黑的3super adj. 特級的；超級的4output n. 產(chǎn)量；輸出5circulate vt.& vi. 循環(huán)；流傳6grain n. 谷物；糧食；顆粒7occupation n. 工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)8personality n. 性格；個性；人格9chemical adj. 化學(xué)的；關(guān)于化學(xué)的 第二屏聽寫10organic adj. 有機(jī)的；器官的；組織的11fertile adj. 肥沃的；富饒的12fertilizer n. 肥料；化肥13bacteria n(bacterium的復(fù)數(shù)形式) 細(xì)菌14nutrition n. 營養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)；食物15pest n. 害蟲；害獸；害鳥16mineral n. 礦物；礦石17skim vt. 瀏覽；略讀18underline vt. 畫底線標(biāo)出；強(qiáng)調(diào)19industrial adj. 工業(yè)的；產(chǎn)業(yè)的 第三屏聽寫.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)1struggle vi.& n斗爭；拼搏；努力2decade n. 十年；十年期3crop n. 莊稼；農(nóng)作物；產(chǎn)量4hunger n. 饑餓；欲望vt.& vi. (使)饑餓5disturbing adj. 引起煩惱的；令人不安的6expand vt.& vi. 使變大；伸展7battle n. 戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；較量；斗爭vt.& vi. 搏斗；奮斗 第四屏聽寫8rid vt. 擺脫；除去9freedom n. 自由；自主10therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而11equip vt.& vi. 配備；裝備12export vt.& vi. 輸出；出口13confuse vt. 使迷惑；使為難14regret vt. 遺憾；惋惜n. 遺憾；懊悔15production n. 生產(chǎn)；制造 第五屏聽寫16discovery n發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺17focus n. 焦點(diǎn)；中心點(diǎn)vt. 集中；聚焦18soil n. 土壤19reduce vt. 減少；減縮20root n. 根；根源21summary n. 總結(jié)；摘要；概要22ment n. 評論；議論vi.& vt. 表達(dá)意見；作出評論 第六屏聽寫23nationality n國籍24thanks_to 幸虧；由于；因?yàn)?5rid_.of 使擺脫或除去26be_satisfied_with 對感到滿意27would_rather 寧愿；寧可28build_up 逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立；開發(fā)29lead_to 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)30focus_on 集中(注意力、精力等)于31keep_.free_from/of 使免受(影響、傷害等)； 使不含(有害物) 二、刷清單(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.statistic n數(shù)據(jù)；統(tǒng)計(jì)；統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字；統(tǒng)計(jì)資料2fertilizer n肥料；化肥3bacteria n. 細(xì)菌4.nutrition n營養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)；食物5mineral n. 礦物；礦石6underline vt. 畫底線標(biāo)出；強(qiáng)調(diào)7.circulate vt.&vi.循環(huán)；流傳8occupation n. 工作，職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)9output n. 產(chǎn)量；輸出10fertile adj. 肥沃的；富饒的表達(dá)單詞1.struggle vi.&n.斗爭；拼搏；努力2decade n. 十年；十年期3therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而4rid vt. 擺脫；除去5export vt.&vi. 出口；輸出6focus n. 焦點(diǎn)；中心點(diǎn)vt. 集中；聚焦7reduce vt. 減少；減縮8ment n. 評論；議論vi.&vt. 表達(dá)意見；作出評論9expand vt.&vi. 使變大；伸展；擴(kuò)大10battle n. 戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；較量；斗爭vt.&vi. 搏斗；奮斗語境活用1Health and environmental problems have increasingly bee the focus (焦點(diǎn)) of attention/concern.2Every year, India exports (出口) a lot of tea and cotton to many different countries.3Expanding (擴(kuò)大) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.4The reporter mented (作出評論) that the film Lost and Love was very moving.5The number of people suffering from heart disease will be greatly reduced (減少) if they are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.拓展單詞1.hunger n饑餓；欲望vt.&vi.(使)饑餓hungry adj.饑餓的；渴望得到的2freedom n自由；自主free adj.自由的3production n生產(chǎn)；制造produce vt.生產(chǎn)producer n生產(chǎn)者；制片人4discovery n發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺discover vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺discoverer n發(fā)現(xiàn)者5equip vt.&vi.配備；裝備equipment n設(shè)備(不可數(shù))6confuse vt.使迷惑；使為難confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑的7disturbing adj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的disturbed adj.煩惱的；心神不安的disturb vt.弄亂；打擾8nationality n國籍nation n國家；民族national adj.民族的語境活用1He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)2Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)3Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed.(disturb)4The discoverer of electricity was Franklin; like many discoveries,_it benefits us greatly.(discover)(二)常用短語寫準(zhǔn)記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.thanks_to幸虧；由于；因?yàn)?rid_._of 使擺脫或除去3be_satisfied_with 對感到滿意4would_rather 寧愿；寧可5build_up 逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立；開發(fā)6lead_to 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)7focus_on 集中(注意力、精力等)于8be_rich_in 盛產(chǎn)9keep_.free_from/of 使免受(影響、傷害等)； 使不含(有害物)10in_addition 另外1.A deep breath and a balanced mind will help (to) rid you of the anxiety and nervousness.2To be mentally healthy, you need to build_up good relationships with each other.3We asked all our customers if they were_satisfied_with the service they had received.4Thanks_to these new treatments, people with high blood pressure can live a long and active life.5As we all know, too much work and too little rest often leads_to illness.(三)經(jīng)典句式原句背誦句式解構(gòu)佳句仿寫1.If so, what did you do to grow them?如果是這樣的話，你怎樣來種植這些植物？if so意為“如果是這樣的話”，是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的省略形式。你贊同我推遲我們?nèi)ピ颇系穆眯袉幔咳绻澩?，請盡快寫信告訴我。(2014北京高考書面表達(dá))Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off? If_so,_write back to tell me about it as soon as possible.2.In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.1973年，他成為世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先驅(qū)。the first/last/best . n.to do sth.“第一個/最后一個/最好的一個做某事的人/物”。她總是第一個到辦公室最后一個離開，我猜這就是她那么快得到晉升的原因。She is always the first person to_go_to_the_office_and_the_last_to_leave,_which I guess is why she gets promoted so quickly.3.This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲20%的產(chǎn)量。“make itadj.動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。他的夢想是奧運(yùn)會將使得各個國家和人民和平共處。His dream was that the Olympic Games would make_it_possible_for_countries_and_people_to_live peacefully side by side.4.He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的愛好上。would rather (not) do sth.“寧愿(不)做”?，F(xiàn)在越來越多的人寧愿不住在大城市里。Nowadays more and more people would_rather_not_live_in_big_cities.(四)初中考點(diǎn)再回顧高頻考查類記熟文化差異類辨清易忘易錯類勤覽1.late adj.遲到的2lately adv. 最近3later adv. 后來4latest adj. 最新的5lantern n. 燈籠6lay out 布置1.keep teenagers away from the Internet阻止青少年上網(wǎng)2lift sb. up 舉起某人3serious enough 足夠認(rèn)真4at the picnic 在野餐5run through the field 跑過田野1.some time一段時間2some times 幾次3sometime adv. 某個時間(過去或?qū)?4sometimes adv. 有時5everyday adj. 日常的；每天的6every day 每天(時間狀語)一、過重點(diǎn)單詞1struggle vi.& n斗爭；拼搏；努力；掙扎經(jīng)典例句Shes struggling to bring up a family on a very low ine.她靠著微薄的收入艱難地供養(yǎng)一家人。struggle for為爭取而斗爭struggle with/against sb./sth. 與做斗爭struggle to do sth. 努力做某事struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來多角練透單句語法填空Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to_lead (lead) an active life. They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.To get an education, he was struggling against/with many difficulties.補(bǔ)全句子Bravely, Mary struggled_to_her_feet,_and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.瑪麗勇敢地掙扎著站起來，同撲向她的暴風(fēng)雨搏斗著。2equip vt.& vi.裝備；配備教材原句He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.因此，他資助幾百萬元供其他人進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)研究。(1)equip .with .用裝備equip .for sth. 為了而裝備be equipped to do sth. 配有做的裝備(或條件)be well/poorly equipped 裝備精良的/較差的(2)equipment nU 裝備；設(shè)備a piece of equipment 一件設(shè)備多角練透單句語法填空Having equipped himself with necessary knowledge and skills, the young man went to the job market with much confidence.It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to_speak (speak)As far as I know, he is_equipped (equip) with much experience in teaching.單句改錯We want our son to have a good education that will equip him with future life.withforEquipping with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.EquippingEquippedIn addition, they spend money on fishing equipments, fuel and boat repairs. equipmentsequipment3regret vt.可惜；后悔；遺憾；惋惜n.遺憾；懊悔高考佳句If we dont act now to protect the environment, well live to regret it.(2013全國卷單選)如果我們現(xiàn)在不采取行動保護(hù)環(huán)境，將來我們會后悔的。 (1)regret后悔做了某事regret to say/tell/inform .that .遺憾地說/告知(2)with great regret 非常遺憾to ones regret 令某人抱歉/遺憾的是多角練透單句語法填空Li Ping did not regret giving/having_given (give) the ment but felt that she could have expressed it differently.I regret to_tell (tell) you that I cant travel to Beijing to get her with you at the appointed time.句型轉(zhuǎn)換Much to our regret, we will not be able to visit you next year.To_our_great_regret,_we will not be able to visit you next year.4focus vt.集中；聚焦n.焦點(diǎn)；中心點(diǎn)高考佳句If we find those materials interesting, well focus our attention on them for long.(2013四川高考書面表達(dá))如果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那些材料有趣，我們的注意力就會長時間集中在它們身上。(1)focus on/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于focus ones attention/eyes/energy on . 集中注意力/目光/精力于(2)the focus of . 的焦點(diǎn)多角練透單句語法填空To lead a happy life in the future, you should focus more on your career while you are young.With his attention focused (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.With so many people focusing (focus) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換He focused his attention on urgent problems. He hardly has time to play games with you.Having_focused_his_attention_on urgent problems，he hardly has time to play games with you.(分詞作狀語)聯(lián)想發(fā)散表示“注意，集中精力于”的短語還有：concentrate ones attention on; fix ones attention on; pay attention to等。5reduce vt.減少；減縮教材原句A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.健康的土壤會減少病蟲害并且?guī)椭r(nóng)作物茁壯成長。reduce . by .把減少了reduce . to . 把減少到； 把變?yōu)槟撤N狀態(tài)be reduced to 陷入某種境地；淪落為多角練透單句語法填空If you want to lose weight, try to_reduce (reduce) the amount of fat in your diet.With great effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days.It was foggy so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.單句改錯Believe it or not, the rich man should be reduced to beg for a living.begbegging.單句語法填空1Yuan Longping has been focusing on searching for a way to increase rice output.2Its disturbing (disturb) that I cant get along well with my new neighbor.3In some poor African areas, many children died of hunger (hungry) every year.4Without the help of the modern equipment (equip)，these experiments would not be performed smoothly.5The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to_reduce (reduce) air pollution.6Id appreciate it if you can make helpful ments on/about my work.7His recent discoveries (discovery) have added to his reputation in the field of science.8I regret to_tell (tell) you that your problems are beyond my power. Youll have to turn to someone else, Im afraid.單句改錯1Now the young man regrets waste so much time when he was at school.wastewasting2Though he is young, he is struggle to support his family.strugglestruggling3If you stay out in the sun for a long time, you may get sunburn.sunburnsunburnt4Several decade have passed since I graduated from the college.decadedecades5She has had much food high in fibre recently. However, she bees slim. HoweverTherefore6Confusing by the question, the boy turned to his teacher for further explanation. ConfusingConfused.根據(jù)提示詞補(bǔ)全句子1眾所周知，孩子是家庭的中心，承載著父母的希望。(focus)As is known to us, children are_the_focus_of_families,_shouldering the hope of their parents.2我們很遺憾地通知您，您的申請未通過。(regret)We regret_to_inform_you_that your application has not been successful.3這個年輕人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難讓老板滿意，于是離開了。(satisfy)The young man found_it_hard_to_satisfy his boss, so he left.二、過短語、句式1build up逐漸增強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)的體質(zhì)；建立；創(chuàng)辦；開發(fā)；積累教材原句These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time.隨著時間的推移，食物中的這些化學(xué)成分會在人體中堆積。一詞多義寫出下列句中build up 的含義Bears build up fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.積累His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.逐漸增加We should take part in sports and outdoor activities，which are really helpful to build up our body and enrich our school life.增強(qiáng)的體質(zhì)Its said that she has built up a very successful business.建立；創(chuàng)辦歸納拓展pick up撿起；(無意中)學(xué)會；接收；搭載take up 拿起；開始；從事；占據(jù)make up 虛構(gòu)；彌補(bǔ)；組成show up 出現(xiàn)；露面選用以上短語填空Therefore, lets take the responsibility to build_up a lowcarbon city by riding bicycles.It didnt take me long to pick_up the basic knowledge of the language.I must get rid of this large table; it takes_up too much room.There are more than two million farmers, making_up two thirds of the total population of the province.2lead to導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)；通向教材原句Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.很多化學(xué)成分能導(dǎo)致癌癥或其他疾病。lead sb. to do sth.使某人做某事lead/live a .life 過樣的生活lead the way 引路；帶路多角練透單句語法填空The discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs being_caught (catch)In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to_practise (practise) speaking English in an interesting way.Under the leadership of the local government, people there are leading a happy life.With a guide leading (lead) the way, we had no difficulty finding the village.一句多譯眾所周知，成功在于努力，然而懶惰導(dǎo)致失敗。As we all know, success lies in hard work while_laziness_leads_to_failure.As we all know, success lies in hard work while_laziness_results_in_failure.(result)名師指津lead to中的to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式。表示導(dǎo)致的短語還有：result in, contribute to等。3if條件狀語從句的省略形式If_so,_what did you do to grow them? 如果是這樣的話，你怎樣來種植這些植物？if so意為“如果是這樣的話”，表示肯定意義；如果表示否定意義，則用if not。if ever如果有過/發(fā)生過的話if any 如果有的話if possible 如果有可能if necessary 如果有必要If_so,_please respond to me as quickly as possible.如果是這樣的話，請盡快給我回信。If_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.如果可能的話，嘗試每天都在同一時間睡覺和起床。The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if_ever,_reaching 30 in summer.(2014福建高考單選)這里的氣候宜人，如果曾經(jīng)有，在夏季氣溫極少達(dá)到30攝氏度。4would rather do sth. “寧愿做”He would_much_rather_keep_time for his hobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的愛好上。would rather (not) do sth.意為“寧愿(不)做”。寧愿(而)不愿；與其倒不如單句改錯We would rather our daughter stay at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.staystayedI would rather sleep all day than to play puter games for a long time.去掉toShe would rather you e tomorrow than today.ecame一句多譯簡是一個文靜的女孩，她寧愿待在圖書館也不愿去看電影。Jane is a quiet girl, who would rather stay (stay) in the library than go to see a movie.Jane is a quiet girl, who prefers to_stay (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.Jane is a quiet girl, who would stay (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.選詞填空lead to， thanks to， rid . of， keep . free from， be satisfied with1Thanks_to the support from the local government, they could rebuild their houses soon after the earthquake.2As is known to us, it is our activity that leads_to air pollution.3We should use new energy to keep our environment free_from being polluted.4All of us were_satisfied_with the perfect service of the restaurant after we had dinner there. 5We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of being too proud.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補(bǔ)全句子1眾所周知，我們生活在所謂的信息時代。(what)As is known to us, we live in what_is_called_the_information_age.2你應(yīng)該改掉那些可能損害你健康的壞習(xí)慣。(rid)You should get_rid_of_the_bad_habits that might damage your health.3大雨使我們更難按時到達(dá)那里。(make itadj.動詞不定式)The heavy rain made_it_harder_for_us_to_get_there on time.4當(dāng)你情緒低落時，如果想一想美好的事情，就會沒有煩惱。(free)When you are in a bad mood, you will be_free_from/of_worry if you think of something nice.5鍛煉有助于我們增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)，保持頭腦清醒。(build)Taking exercise helps_us_build_up_our_body and keep a clear mind.一句多譯/句式升級1他們寧愿嘗試后不成功也不愿放棄這個計(jì)劃。They_would_try_and_fail_rather_than_give_up_the_plan.(would do . rather than do .)They_prefer_to_try_and_fail_rather_than_give_up_the_plan.(prefer to do . rather than do .)They_would_rather_try_and_fail_than_give_up_the_plan.(would rather do . than do .)2趁著年輕我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)，如果不這樣的話，遲早我們會后悔的。We should study hard while we are young. If_we_dont_study_hard,_we will regret sooner or later.We should study hard while we are young. If_not,_we will regret sooner or later.(省略)3很多人去了紐約，使之成為美國最大的城市。Many people moved to New York, which_made_it_the_largest_city in the USA.(定語從句)Many people moved to New York, making_it_the_largest_city in the USA.(分詞作狀語)三、過語法、寫作(一)單元小語法動詞ing形式作主語和賓語.單句語法填空1Throwing (throw) waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people who drink the water to get sick.2We visited other relatives the next day, who had prepared a lot of delicious food. At night, we all went to KTV and had a great time singing (sing) together.3I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working (work) with students.4As is known to us, its no use plaining (plain) without taking action.5Being_brought (bring) up in the countryside made Mr Wilson very hardworking when he was very young.單句改錯1I like travelling and my dream of visit Beijing, the Capital city of our country, came true during the National Day holiday.visitvisiting2Before heard his answer, she started to read him almost every single greeting card out loud until the elderly man smiled.heardhearing3All the children are looking forward to go to see the pandas there.gogoing4Some people cant help persuading to buy what they dont need at all.persuadingbeing_persuaded5Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 oclock.HaveHaving(二)課堂微寫作練補(bǔ)寫讓行文更條理題目要求為了讓同學(xué)們對有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)有一個更充分的認(rèn)識，你班英語興趣小組打算出一期以有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)為主題的板報(bào)。假定你是組長，請你以“What are the benefits of organic farming？”為題為該板報(bào)寫一篇英語短文。詞數(shù)100左右。補(bǔ)寫提示請按下列提示線索補(bǔ)寫下列習(xí)作的中間段What are the benefits of organic farming?Organic farming provides many benefits for farmers as well as consumers around the country.Here are the major benefits of organic farming.保護(hù)環(huán)境，減少污染有機(jī)食品有利于健康降低農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)成本，改善土壤健康，節(jié)省能源，減少莊稼歉收風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Therefore, farmers should be encouraged to pursue organic farming practices for better crop growth and production.答案示例What are the benefits of organic farming?Organic farming provides many benefits for farmers as well as consumers around the country.Here are the major benefits of organic farming.Firstly, it aids farmers in keeping the environment healthy by reducing the level of pollution.Secondly, green food from organic farming, which is very rich in minerals, can help prevent and treat many kinds of diseases.Thirdly, it reduces the costs of agricultural production and also improves the soil health.Lastly, it not only saves energy for both animals and machines but also reduces the risk of crop failure.Therefore, farmers should be encouraged to pursue organic farming practices for better crop growth and production.閱讀理解AA couple of months ago, we were in a hurry to get somewhere, but it seemed that my 6yearold daughter had an instinctive (本能的) capacity to slow things down. In response I had bee impatient, frustrated and unkind. As I unloaded my apology, she said, “Mom, its OK. Youve never been a mom before. This is your first time. Youre just trying. Its OK.”Her response made me feel ashamed. She had been able to give me what I had refused to give her just moments before mercy, understanding and sympathy. And I needed it. We all do. In fact, there may be nothing more needed today in our nation and munities. Its no wonder that former Westboro Baptist Church member Megan has transformed her idea. She spent 20 years representing her familys beliefs with messages of hate towards blacks, Jews and those who support abortion. When she finally started being able to engage in (參與) civil dialog with her “enemies”， she found that “people on the other side were not the ones I had been led to believe .” Finally, she left the faith of her family. What surprised her most was the forgiveness and understanding she experienced from those who had been her former “enemies”My experience with my daughter teaches me that the ability to engage “with the other”， to form a judgment, to avoid tough judg