2023年中考英語時事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)77 記憶力特征及改善方法(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx

2023年中考英語時事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練熱點(diǎn)77記憶力特征及改善方法一、閱讀理解1Languagestudentsoftenthinktheyhavememoryproblems.Theyworrybecausetheycan'trememberwords.Infact,theproblemusuallyisn'lwiththeirmemory.Theproblemiswithhowtheystudy.Torememberwordbetter,youneedtounderstandhowmemoryworks.Therearetwokindsofmemory:short-termandlong-term.Whenyousee,hearorreadsomething.Itgoesfirstintoshort-termmemory.Butshort-termmemorylastsforonlyafewseconds.Youwillonlyremembersomethinglongerifitgoesintolong-termmemory.Yourlong-termmemoryislikeaverybiglibrarywithmany,manybooks.Andlikealibrary,it'sorganized.Whenyouputawayabook-ormemory-youcan'tjustleaveitanywhere.Youhavetochooseaplacewhereyoucanfinditagain.Howcanyoudothiswilhvocabulary?Theansweristoworkwiththewordandthinkaboutlhewordinnewways.Youcandothisbywritingnewsentencesthatincludeit.Evenbetter,youcaninventalittlestoryabouttheword,wilhpeopleorplacesthatyouknow.Anotherwayistomakeapictureinyourmindwiththeword.Forexample,ifthewordis“height",youcanthinkofthetallestpersonyouknowandtrytoguesshisorherheight.Alloftheseactivitiesarcgoodwaystothinkaboutwords.Theymakethemeaningofwordsstrongerinyourlong-termmemory.Andtheygiveawaytofindawordwhenyouneedit.1. Inthewriter'sopinion,studentscan'trememberwordsbecause.A. theyhavememoryproblemsB.theyaretooworriedC.theydon'tuseaproperwayD.theydon'tliketostudy2. WhichisTRUEaboutmemoryaccordingtothepassage?A. Short-termmemoryisseldomusedWhatweseegoesintolong-termmemoryfirst.B. Wcwillforgetawordsoonifitgoesintoshort-termmemory.C. Wcwillneverforgetawordifitgoesintolong-termmemory.3. Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2refersto.A.everythinginlifeC.short-termmemoryB. somethingyou'veseen,heardorreadD.long-termmemory4. Thispassagemainlytellsusabout.A. languagestudents'problemsinstudyhowtomakethemeaningofwordsstrongerB. short-termandlong-termmemoryhowtoimprovewaystorememberwords【答案】CCBD【解析】學(xué)語言的學(xué)生記不住單詞經(jīng)常認(rèn)為他們有記憶問題，事實(shí)上他們是不知道如何學(xué)習(xí)，不了解記憶是如何工作的。記憶分短期記憶和長期記憶，我們需要把短期記憶變成長期記憶，那就記住了單詞。1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A.theyhavememoryproblems他們有記憶問題：B.theyaretooworried他們太擔(dān)心了：C.theydon'tuseaproperway他們不使用正確的方法；D.theydonlliketostudy他們不喜歡學(xué)習(xí)；定位至第-段最后一句“Infact,theproblemusuallyisn'twiththeirmemory.Theproblemiswithhowtheystudy."所以是他們不知道如何學(xué)習(xí)，沒有正確的方法，故選C。2. 推理判斷題。A.Short-termmemoryisseldomused短期記憶很少使用；B.Whatweseegoesintolong-termmemoryfirst.我們看到的首先進(jìn)入長期記憶；C.Wcwillforgetawordsoonifitgoesintoshort-termmemory.如果一個單詞進(jìn)入短期記憶，我們很快就會忘記它；D.Wcwillneverforgetawordifitgoesintolong-termmemory.如果一個單詞進(jìn)入長期記憶，我們就永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記它；A選項(xiàng)文中沒有提及；B選項(xiàng)定位至第二段Ttgoesfirstintoshort-termmemory."首先是短期記憶，所以B錯誤；D選項(xiàng)never太絕對，文中出現(xiàn)的是"sometimes",所以D錯誤；C選項(xiàng)定位至文中第：段"Butshort-termmemorylastsforonlyafewseconds."但是短期記憶只能持續(xù)幾秒鐘，所以正確。故選C。3. 推理判斷題。定位至第二段"Itgoesfirstintoshort-termmemory.",聯(lián)系上文“Whenyousee,hearorreadsomething."所以此處是你看到、聽到或讀到的東西，故選B。4. 主旨大意題。A.languagestudents'problemsinstudy語言學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)問題;B.howtomakethemeaningofwordsstronger如何強(qiáng)化單詞的意義;C.short-termandlong-termmemory短期記憶和長期記憶;D.howtoimprovewaystorememberwords如何提高記憶單詞的方法;全文圍繞howtoimprovewaystorememberwords展開。A、B、C選項(xiàng)雖然文章也有提及到，但是內(nèi)容不全面.故選D.2Whenyouwanttocallastoreoranofficethatyoudon'tcalloften,youmaylookthenumberupinatelephonebook.Youdial（撥）thenumber,andthenyouforgetit!Yourshort-temi（短期）memorylastabout30seconds.However,youdon'tneedtolookinthetelephonebookfbryourbestfriend'snumberbecauseyoualreadyknowit.Thisinformationisinyourlong-termmemory.Yourlong-termmemoryhaseverythingthatyourememberthroughtheyears.Whydoyouforgetthingssometimes?Therearcseveralreasons.Animportantreasonforforgettingsomethingisthatyoudidn'tlearnitwellinthebeginning.Forexample,youmeetsomenewpeople,andsoonyouforgettheirnames.Youhearthenamesbutyoudon,tlearnthem,soyouforgetthem.Youcanhelpyourselfrememberbelter.Moveinformationfromyourshort-termmemoryloyourlong-termmemory.Youcandothisifyoupractisethenewinformationfbrmoretimes.5. Whydoyouforgetthetelephonenumberthatyoudon'tcalloften?A. Becausethetelephonenumberistoolong.B. Becausethetelephonenumberisverystrange.C. Becauseyoulookitupinthetelephonebook.D. Becauseyouuseyourshort-termmemorytorememberit.6. Howlongdoesaperson'sshort-termmemorylast?A. Abouthalfasecond.B.Abouthalfaminute.C. Abouthalfanhour.D.Abouthalfaday.7. What'shelpfulfbryoutorememberbetter?A. Learnsomethingwellintheend.B. Looksomethingupoften.C. Useyourshort-termmemorytolearnthings.D. Moveinformationfromyourshort-termmemorytoyourlong-termmemory.8. Thewritermainlywantstotellussomeideasonhowto.A. keepsomethinginmindlongB.learnaforeignlanguagewellC.makeatelephonecallD.rememberaperson'sname【答案】DBDA【解析】本文主要介紹了為什么人們會忘記一些東西以及如何長時間記住東西的方法。5. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Youdial（撥）thenumber,andthenyouforgetit!Yourshort-term（短期）memorylastabout30seconds”可知，忘記不經(jīng)常打的電話號碼是因?yàn)槎虝r記憶記住了這個號碼，而短時訕憶只持續(xù)30秒。故選D。6. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段'Youdial（撥）thenumber,andlhenyouforgetil!”可知短時記憶持續(xù)30秒,即半分鐘。故選B°細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后段“Youcanhelpyourselfrememberbetter.Moveinformationfromyourshort-termmemorytoyourlong-termmemory'可知把信息從短期記憶轉(zhuǎn)移到長期記憶，可以幫助記得更好。故選D。7. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Youcanhelpyourselfrememberbetter.Moveinformationfromyourshort-termmemorytoyourlong-termmemory.Youcandothisifyoupractisethenewinformationfbrmoretimes."你可以幫助自己更好地記住，將信息從短時記憶轉(zhuǎn)移到長期記憶，你如果反復(fù)練習(xí)新的信息，就可以做到這一點(diǎn)?？赏浦髡呤窍敫嬖V我們?nèi)绾伍L時間記住東西。故選A。3YouCanBeaWorldMemoryChampion!Everyyear,peoplewithamazingmemoryskillscompeteinaneventcalledtheWorldMemoryChampionships.Thetasksrequirehugepowersofmemoryretention:rememberingtheorderof52cardsinadeck（副）；memorizingthenamesof110peopleafterlookingattheirpictures;andothertasks.Completinganyofthesetasksmaynotseemeasyforthenormalperson,butscientificproofseemstoshowthatevensomeonewithnormalskillscan,throughtraining,improvehisorhermemoryskillsandbecomeamemorychampion.Onememorychampionexplainedhismethodsofrecallingtheorderofthecardsinadeck.Firstly,heconnectedaperson,anactionandathingwitheachcard.Forexample,thekingofheartsisElvisPresley,eating,achocolatesandwich.Thethreeofspades（黑桃）isRockyBalboa,boxing,MadisonSquareGarden.ThetenofheartsisWilliamShakespeare,writingHamlet,abrokenpen.Takeapersonfromthefirstcard,anactionfromthesecondcard,andathingfromthethirdcardsothatanygroupofthreecardscreatesavivid（生動的）imagethatiseasiertorecall.Forexample:king-tcn-thrccbecomesElvisPresleywritingHamletinMadisonSquareGarden一amemorableimage.Still,evenhavingcreatedimagesforeachgroupofthreecards,itisdifficultlokeeptheminorder.Thisisdoneusingthelocimethod,orwhatsomecalla“MemoryPalace"-atermcreatedbyFrancesYatesinhis1966bookTheArtofMemory-whichisasimplehuteffectivemethoddiscoveredbytheancientGreeks.Butarctherepeoplewithnaturallyamazingmemories?Thewinnerofthe2011WorldMemoryChampionshipswas21-year-oldChineseWangFeng.liesaidhehada"normalmemoryasachild,"andnospecialtalentexceptforthehardworkandattentiontodetail.Althoughmanystillthinkthatpeoplehaveeithergoodorbadmemoriesfrombirth,thatneednotbetrue.Byusingthemethodsofgrouping,connectingwithvividimages,andthelocimethod,wecanallimproveourmemories.Whoknows-youmightevenbecomethenextWorldMemoryChampion!8. AccordingtoParagraph2,tcn-king-thrcccancreateanimageof.A. WilliamShakespeareeatinginMadisonSquareGardenHamleteatingachocolatesandwichwithabrokenpenB. RockyBalboawritingHamletwithabrokenpenElvisPresleyboxinginMadisonSquareGarden9. Whyislocimethodusefulformemorizingthecards?A. Itconnectstheimageswiththeirtimeorder.B. Itreorganizesthecardstobuildavividpalace.C. Itusesthetermsfromabooktocreateanewimage.D. Ithelpsmemorizetheorderofthethree-cardgroups.10. What'sthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A. TbpraisethewinnersoftheWorldMemoryChampionship.B. TohelppeoplewintheWorldMemoryChampionship.C. Tbshowagoodmemoryismoreamatteroftraining.D. lbexplainmethodsofrememberingadeckofcards.【答案】ADC【解析】本文主要講了驚人的記憶力可以通過訓(xùn)練獲得，每個人都可以成為記憶力冠軍。9. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“king-ten-threebecomesElvisPresleywritingHamletinMadisonSquareGarden一amemorableimage"可知，不同紙牌數(shù)字背后都有可代表的東西，故選A。10. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Still,evenhavingcreatedimagesfbreachgroupofthreecards,itisdifficulttokeeptheminorder.Thisisdoneusingthelocimethod”可知，loci記憶辦法就是來確定各組創(chuàng)建三張卡片圖像的順序，故選D.11. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)"Byusingthemethodsofgrouping,connectingwithvividimages,andthelocimethod,wecanallimproveourmemories.Whoknows-youmightevenbecomethenextWorldMemoryChampion"及全文的描述，可知，作者的目的是告訴讀者，通過使用一些記憶方法，大家都可以提升自己的記憶能力，故選C。4Whowouldwininacompetitiontomemorizenumbers,achimp（黑猩猩）orateenager?Theteenager?Thinkagain.Scientistshaveprovedthatchimpsperformbetterthanhumanbeingswhenitconiestothiskindofproblem.Wcmayhavetorethinkwhatwebelieveabouthumanmemory.Memoryisourabilitytolearnsomething,saveitandrecallitwhenneeded.Ourmemoriesarcimportanttooursenseofself,ourpersonalities,andourabilitytounderstandtheworld.Scientistssaythattherearedifferenttypesofmemory.Thereisshort-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.Yourshort-termmemorysavesinformationforafewsecondsorafewminutes.Forexample,thetimei(takes(ocomparethepricesofafewitemsinastore.Long-termmemoryinvolvestheinformationyoutryhardtokeep,becauseit'smeaningfultoyou(anexampleisdataaboutfamilyandfriends.)Andthenthereisvisualmemoryandsoundmemory.Butthesearcnothardandfast:scientistsarguealotaboutthenatureofmemory.Scientistshavealsofoundthatpeoplememorizethingsindifferentways.Somememorizebetterwiththehelpofpictures.Othersarehelpedmorebysounds.Onething'sfbrsure.Ifyoucancombinedifferentkindsofmemorytogether,youwillrememberalot!SowhynottrypictureswithEnglishwords?Atthesametimelistentorecordingsofthesamegroupofwords.Itmayhelpwhenitcomestomemorizingit.Imaginationandassociationcanbeuseful(oo.Byimaginationscientistsmeanpicturingawordinyourmind.Associationmeansrelaiingthewordtosomethingyoualreadyknow.12. WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A. Chimpsareclevererthanhumanbeings.B. Chimpscanmemorizenumbersbetterthanteenagers.C. Humanmemoryisnotasgoodasbefore.D. Chimpsperformbetterthanhumanbeingsinmanyaspects.13. Howmanykindsofmemoryarementionedinthearticle?A. TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.FiveAccordingtothearticle,whichof(hefollowingisthebestwaytomemorizewords?A. BywatchingTV.B.Bylistening(omusic.C.Bywritingthemoutmanytimes.D.Bylisteningandwatchingpictures.14. Whatdocstheunderlinedword“relating”meanaccordingtothepassage?A. 聯(lián)系B.猜測C.結(jié)合D.替代Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A. Memoryisthemostimportantabilityforhumanbeings.B. Long-termmemoryusuallyinvolvesmoreimportantthings.C. Scientistshavemadesureofthenatureofmemory.D. Imaginationisbetterthanassociationinmemorizingthings.【答案】BCDAB【解析】本文介紹了記憶的類型，以及人們用不同的方法記憶東西。想象和聯(lián)想也對記憶有幫助。11. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段'"Scientistshaveprovedthatchimpsperformbetterthanhumanbeingswhenitcomestothiskindofproblem?'nJ知，黑猩猩比青少年更能記住數(shù)字。故選B。12. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thereisshort-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.”和“Andthenthereisvisualmemoryandsoundmemory.”町知，文中提到記憶的類型有短期記憶，長期記憶，視覺記憶和聲音記憶，因此一共有四種類型，故選C。13. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"SowhynottrypictureswithEnglishwords?Atthesametimelistentorecordingsofthesamegroupofwords.Itmayhelpwhenitcomestomemorizingit.”可知，記單詞得最好的方法是"聽錄音"和"看圖片"，故選D。14. 詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段''Associationmeansrelatingthewordtosomethingyoualreadyknow"可知，此處表示把單詞和你己經(jīng)知道的東兩聯(lián)系起來；故劃線部分relating意為“聯(lián)系”，故選A。15. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Long-termmemoryinvolvestheinformationyoutryhardtokeep,becauseit'smeaningfultoyou（anexampleisdataaboutfamilyandfriends.）"可知,長期記憶通常涉及更重要的事情,故選Bo5Memoryisessential重要）forlife.Wehaveashort-termmemoryandalong-termmemory.Whenwegetold,ourshort-termmemorybecomesweaker,butwecanstillrememberthingsthathappenedalongtimeago.Therearemanythingswecandotoimproveourmemory,suchasusingvariousmemorizingmethodsaswellastakingspecialcareofourhealth.Itisimportantthatweregularlystimulate（刺激）ourbraintomakeourmemorymoreefficient（有效）.Forexample,wecandoactivitiesthatwedonotusuallydoandchangeourdailyhabits.Learninganewskillhelpsourbraindevelop.Whentryingtomemorizesomething,wcshouldfocusourattentiononthemostimportantthingsaboutit.Donotallowotherthoughtstoenterourmindbecausethiswilllowerourchancesofrememberingthingscorrectly.Onebasicwayofimprovingourmemoryistousethelinkmethod.Ifwewanttomemorizesomething,weshouldmakeapictureinourmind.Ifthepictureissilly,strangeandcolourful,wewillrememberitbetter.Takingnotes,beingorganizedandkeepingadiarywillalsobeusefultools.Sometimes,memoryisconnectedwithourfeelings.Whensomethingdramatichappens,weusuallyrememberitwell,andwealsorememberwherewewereandwhatweweredoing.Healthyfoodandplentyofvitaminsareimportanttoourmemory.Drinkingalolofwateralsohelpsmaintainourmemory.Whenweareasleep,ourbrainstoresmemory.Notenoughsleepcan,therefore,causeproblemswithstoringinformation.Inaddition,beingtiredwillstopusfrombeingabletorememberwell.Asaresult,keepingfitandhavingregularhealthchecksarcbothimportantaswell.16. Howdocspeople'smemorychangewhentheygetolder?A. Theshort-termmemorybecomesstronger.B. Theshort-termmemorybecomesweaker.C. Thelong-termmemorybecomesstronger.D. Thelong-termmemorybecomesweaker.17. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingCANNOTbereineinberedbetterinashort(ime?A. Astrangeinsect.B. Acolourfulletter.C. Adramaticevent.D. Aboringtalk.18. Whenpeopletrytoremembertheword4smiles',aneasywaytodothisistoimaginethereisa'mile'betweenthefirstletterandthelastletter.Thisisbecausethey.A. usethelinkmethodconnecti(withfeelingsB. haveagoodresttakesomenotes19. WhatSHOULDpeopledowhentheytrytomaketheirmemorymoreefficient?A. Alwaysdothesamethingsandneverchangetheirdailyhabits.B. MemorizesomethingwhilelisteningtomusicorwatchingTV.C. Keepotherideasoutoftheirmindwhenfocusingattention.D. Sleepatmost6hoursadayanddrinkalotofcoffeeortea.20. What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A. HowtoUseMemoryToolsHowtoKeepLong-termMemoryB. HowtoImproveOurMemoryHowtoStayHealthy【答案】BDACC【解析】在生活中記憶是必不可少的。我們有一個短期記憶和長期記憶。當(dāng)我們變老的時候，我們的短期記憶變得更弱，但我們?nèi)匀豢梢杂浀煤芫靡郧鞍l(fā)生的事情。有許多事情我們可以做，以改善我們的記憶，如使用各種記憶方法，以及特別關(guān)注我們的健康。15. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Whenwegetold.ourshort-termmemorybecomesweaker可知當(dāng)我們變老的時候，我們的短期記憶變得更弱，所以選B。16. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的描述可知該選D。17. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的描述中這是使用鏈接方法來記憶，所以選A。18. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的描述可知人們努力使記憶更有效時要集中注意力，要把其他想法放在心外。所以選C。19. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。仔細(xì)讀短文可知該文主要介紹了如何改善我們的記憶，所以選C。二、完型填空Deepsleepisimportant.Ithelpsuskeepagoodmemory.Butaswegrowolder,oursleepandmemorybecome22Howcanolderadultsmaintain（保持）deepsleepandstrongmemories?Anewstudyshowsthatone23wavistolistentoakindofsoundcalled"pinknoise".Itisthesoundoffallingrain,blowingwindandsoon.It'scalledpinknoisebecauseitsits24whitenoiseandrednoiseontheaudiospcctrum（音頻頻譜）.Inthestudy,scientists25thirteenadultsabove60yearsoldtospendtwonightsinasleeplab.Bothnights,theparticipants（參與者）tookamemorytestandwenttobedwearingheadphones.Thenextmorning,theyweretestedagainafter26up.Oneofthenights,27wasplayedthroughtheparticipants'headphones.Theothernight,however,pinknoisewasplayed.Herearetheresults.Whenparticipantssleptwithpinknoiseon,theyhad28periodsofdeepsleep.Theyalsoperformedthreetimesbetteronthememorytestthenextmorningthanthey29aftersleepingin30_.However,becausethestudywasverysmall,scientistsstillneedtodomorestudiestoseehow31pinknoiseisforpeople'ssleepandmemory.Anyway,itisamazing,isn'tit?22.A.clearerB.darkerC.worseD.better23.A.easyB.cheapC.crazyD.quiet24.A.oppositeB.withoutC.betweenD.beyond25.A.forcedB.invitedC.remindedD.advised26.A.lookingB.stayingC.makingD.waking27A.anythingB.nothingC.everythingD.something28.A.longerB.shorterC.higherD.lower29.A.areB.didC.wereD.do30.A.fearB.troubleC.orderD.silence31.A.awfulB.gratefulC.helpfulD.careful【答案】CACBDBABDC【解析】本文是新聞類閱讀，報(bào)道了一項(xiàng)新的研究，通過聽一種叫做“粉紅噪音”的聲音能夠幫助老年人保持深度睡眠和強(qiáng)記憶。20. 句意：但隨著年齡的增長，我們的睡眠和記憶力變得越來越差。clearer更清楚的：darker更黑的：worse更壞/差的；belter更好的。根據(jù)“aswegrowolder隨著年齡的增長”,可知人的睡眠和記憶力會變差，ABD三項(xiàng)不合句意，故選C。21. 句意：最新研究表明，一個簡單的方法就是聽一種叫做“粉紅噪音”的聲音。easy簡單的；cheap廉價的；crazy瘋狂的；quiet安靜的。根據(jù)空后“way”，可知后面三項(xiàng)不合語境，這是一種很簡單的方法，故選A。22. 句意：它被稱為粉紅噪聲是因?yàn)樗挥谝纛l頻譜的白噪聲和紅噪聲之間。opposite對面的:without沒有；between在某某兩者之間:beyond超出<>because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，根據(jù)“whitenoiseandrednoise白噪聲和紅噪聲"，nJ知是兩者之間，故選C。23. 句意：在這項(xiàng)研究中，科學(xué)家們邀請了13名60歲以上的成年人在睡眠實(shí)驗(yàn)室呆了兩個晚上。forced強(qiáng)迫；invited邀請：reminded提醒；advised建議。根據(jù)研究的對象"thirteenadultsabove60yearsold13名60歲以上的成年人”，可知invite切合語境，應(yīng)該是邀請他們參與研究，故選B。24. 句意：第二天早上，他們醒來后再次接受測試。look看；stay停留：make制造；wake睡醒。wakeup睡醒，根據(jù)"Thenextmorning第二天早上”，可知wake叩符合句意，故選D。25. 句意：其中一個晚上，沒有任何東西通過參與者的耳機(jī)播放。anything任何事，用于否定句和疑問句代替something；nothing沒有東西，表否定；everything每件something某事，表不確定。根據(jù)下文的轉(zhuǎn)折“Thenextmorning,theyweretestedagainafterwake叩然而，有一天晚上，音樂響起了粉紅色的噪音"，可知本句表達(dá)“沒有播放什么擔(dān)東西"，是否定句，nothing符合句意，故選B。26. 句意：當(dāng)參與者在粉色噪音下睡覺時，他們的深度睡眠時間更長。longer更長；shorter更短；higher更高；lower更低。根據(jù)卜文的結(jié)果"Theyalsoperfonnedthreetimesbetteron(hememorytestthenextmorningthan(heydidaftersleepinginsilence在第：天早上的訕憶測試中，他們的表現(xiàn)比在安靜中睡覺的時候好三倍"，可知在粉色噪音下他們的深度睡眠時間更長，故選A。27. 句意：在第二天早上的記憶測試中，他們的表現(xiàn)比安靜睡覺后要好三倍。are是，系詞，were是過去式;de做，動詞，did是過去式。than比，用于比較；根據(jù)上文“Theyalsoperformed.onthememorytestthenextmorning在第二天早上他們做的記憶測試中”，可知比在安靜中睡覺的時候好三倍，設(shè)空處是performed,用did代替，故選B。28. 句意：在第二天早上的記憶測試中，他們的表現(xiàn)比安靜睡覺后要好三倍。fear害怕;trouble麻煩；order順序；silence沉默«insilence在安靜中：根據(jù)"aftersleeping睡覺后”，可知insilence符合語境，故選D。29. 句意：然而，由于這項(xiàng)研充的規(guī)模很小，科學(xué)家們還需要做更多的研究來了解粉紅噪音對人們的睡眠和記憶有多大的幫助。awful可怕的；grateful感激的；helpful有幫助的；careful細(xì)心的。根據(jù)上面的調(diào)查結(jié)果，可知粉紅噪音對人們的睡眠和記憶有幫助；ABD三項(xiàng)不合句意，故選C。三、短文首字母填空Sometimes,childrencan'tkeepasinglebitofinformationin(heirmindwhiletheyaredoingsomethingelse.Ifso,theymayhaveproblemswiththeirworkingmemory.Itisanimportants37,forchildren.Herearesome(38.tohelpimprovechildren'sworkingmemory.Readactively.Theymayformlong-term(長時間的)memoriesmoree39.whenchildrentakepartinactivereading.Activereadingi40.notonlyaskingnotes,butalsospeakingaloudandaskingquestionsaboutthematerialthattheyarereading.4. Thispassagemainlytellsusabout.A. languagestudents'problemsinstudyhowtomakethemeaningofwordsstrongerB. short-termandlong-termmemoryhowtoimprovewaystorememberwords2Whenyouwanttocallastoreoranofficethatyoudon'tcalloften,youmaylookthenumberupinatelephonebook.Youdial（撥）thenumber,andthenyouforgetit!Yourshort-term（短期）memorylastabout30seconds.However,youdon'tneedtolookinthetelephonebookforyourbestfriendnumberbecauseyoualreadyknowit.Thisinformationisinyourlong-termmemory.Yourlong-termmemoryhaseverythingthatyourememberthroughtheyears.Whydoyouforgetthingssometimes?Thereareseveralreasons.Animportantreasonforforgettingsomethingisthatyoudidn'tleaniitwellinthebeginning.Forexample,youmeetsomenewpeople,andsoonyouforgettheirnames.Youhearthenamesbutyoudon'tlearnthem,soyouforgetthem.Youcanhelpyourselfrememberbelter.Moveinformationfromyourshort-termmemorytoyourlong-termmemory.Youcandothisifyoupractisethenewinformationtormoretimes.5. Whydoyouforgetthetelephonenumberthatyoudon'tcalloften?A. Becausethetelephonenumberistoolong.B. Becausethetelephonenumberisverystrange.C. Becauseyoulookitupinthetelephonebook.D. Becauseyouuseyourshort-termmemorytorememberit.6. Howlongdoesaperson'sshort-termmemorylast?A.Abouthalfasecond.B.Abouthalfaminute.C.Abouthalfanhour.D.Abouthalfaday.7. What'shelpfulfbryoutorememberbetter?A. Learnsomethingwellintheend.B. Looksomethingupoften.C. Useyourshort-termmemorytolearnthings.D. Moveinformationfromyourshort-termmemorytoyourlong-termmemory.Usevisualization(形象化)skills.Whenreadingsomething,askchildrentoimaginethesceneofthestoryandd41,it.Forexample,askthemtosetatabicfbrafewpeopleandhaveap42.intheirmind,andthenhaveadescription.Askthemtoteachothers.Teachinga43.personmeansbeingabletounderstandtheinformationwellbeforesayingitaloud.Whenchildrenarelearninganewskill,askthemtoshowothersh44.todoit.Theyshouldbeabletoexplainittoothers.Moreover,therearelotsofmatchinggamesthatcanbep45.toimprovetheirworkingmemory,oryoucanusesomethingsimple146.amagazineoranewspaper.Havethemfindacertainwordasmanytimesastheycaninoneminute.【答案】(s)kill37. (t)ips(e)asily38. ncludes(d)escribe39. (p)icture(a)nother40. (h)ow(p)layed41. (l)ike【解析】本文主要介紹了一些提高孩子們工作記憶的建議。37. 句意：這是一項(xiàng)對兒童.來說很重要的技能。根據(jù)4tSomctirncs,childrencan'tkeepasinglebitofinformationintheirmindwhiletheyarcdoingsomethingelse.Ifso,theymayhaveproblemswiththeirworkingmemory."和首字母提示可知，空格處表達(dá)重要的“技巧"，skill技巧，“an”后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。故填(s)kilU句意：以卜是一些有助于提高兒童工作記憶的建議。根據(jù)下文"Readactively.Usevisualizationskills.v和首字母提示可知，空格處表達(dá)“建議"，tip建議，“some”后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填(t)ipso38. 句意：當(dāng)孩子們參加主動閱讀時，他們更容易形成長期記憶。根據(jù)“Readactively"和首字母提示