2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練 熱點(diǎn)66 寒冷天氣的特征及應(yīng)對(duì)(學(xué)生版+解析版).docx

2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練熱點(diǎn)66寒冷天氣的特征及應(yīng)對(duì)一、閱讀理解1Winterweatherhasreturnedtonorthernareasoftheworld.InmuchoftheUnitedStates,wintermeansthereturnofsnow.Snowisaformoffrozenwater.Itcontainsmanygroupsorverysmalliceparticlescalledsnowcrystals（晶體）.Thesecrystalsgrowfromwaterparticlesincoldclouds.Theyusuallygrowaroundapieceofdust.Allsnowcrystalshavesixsides,buttheygrowindifferentshapes.Theshapedependsmainlyonthetemperatureandwaterlevelsintheair.Theshapeofasnowcrystalmaychangefromoneformtoanotherasthecrystalpassesthroughlevelsofairwithdifferenttemperatures.Snowcontainsmuchlesswaterthanrain.Aboutseventy-fivecentimetersofsnowhasasmuchwaterastwoandahalfcentimetersofrain.Generally,thecolorofsnowandiceappearswhite.Thisisbecausethelightweseefromthesuniswhite.Mostnaturalmaterialstakeinsomesunlight.However,whenlighttravelsfromairtosnow,somelightissentback,orreflected（反射）.Snowcrystalshavemanysurfacestoreflectsunlight.Itisthislightthatgivessnowitswhitecolor.Muchofthewaterweusecomesfromsnow.Melting（鬲蟲化）snowgiveswatertoriversandcrops.Snowfallhelpstoprotectplantsandsomewildanimalsfromthecold.Freshsnowismadelargelyofairwhichiskeptamongthesnowcrystals.Becausetheairhastroublemoving,themovementofheatisgreatlyreduced.However,snowisresponsibleforthedeathsofhundredsofpeopleintheUnitedStateseveryyear.Manypeopledieintrafficaccidentsonroadsthatarecoveredwithsnoworice.1. Whyissnowdangerousaccordingtothepassage?A. Peoplecanfreezetodeathinit.C.Itstopspeoplehuntingwildanimals.2. Whydoessnowappearwhite?A. Becauseiceisawhitecolour.C.Becauseitreflectssunlight.B. Itmakesroadsdifficulttodriveon.D.Itmakesitdifficultforfreshairtomove.B. Becauseithasmanysurfaces.D.Becausecloudsarewhite.3. Whyissnowagoodthingforplantsandwildanimals?A. Itcoversroadswithsnowandice.B. Snowcreatesfreshdrinkingwater.2023年中考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)閱讀專練熱點(diǎn)66寒冷天氣的特征及應(yīng)對(duì)一、閱讀理解1Winterweatherhasreturnedtonorthernareasoftheworld.InmuchoftheUnitedStates,wintermeansthereturnofsnow.Snowisaformoffrozenwater.Itcontainsmanygroupsorverysmalliceparticlescalledsnowcrystals（晶體）.Thesecrystalsgrowfromwaterparticlesincoldclouds.Theyusuallygrowaroundapieceofdust.Allsnowcrystalshavesixsides,buttheygrowindifferentshapes.Theshapedependsmainlyonthetemperatureandwaterlevelsintheair.Theshapeofasnowcrystalmaychangefromoneformtoanotherasthecrystalpassesthroughlevelsofairwithdifferenttemperatures.Snowcontainsmuchlesswaterthanrain.Aboutseventy-fivecentimetersofsnowhasasmuchwaterastwoandahalfcentimetersofrain.Generally,thecolorofsnowandiceappearswhite.Thisisbecausethelightweseefromthesuniswhite.Mostnaturalmaterialstakeinsomesunlight.However,whenlighttravelsfromairtosnow,somelightissentback,orreflected（反射）.Snowcrystalshavemanysurfacestoreflectsunlight.Itisthislightthatgivessnowitswhitecolor.Muchofthewaterweusecomesfromsnow.Melting（鬲蟲化）snowgiveswatertoriversandcrops.Snowfallhelpstoprotectplantsandsomewildanimalsfromthecold.Freshsnowismadelargelyofairwhichiskeptamongthesnowcrystals.Becausetheairhastroublemoving,themovementofheatisgreatlyreduced.However,snowisresponsibleforthedeathsofhundredsofpeopleintheUnitedStateseveryyear.Manypeopledieintrafficaccidentsonroadsthatarecoveredwithsnoworice.1. Whyissnowdangerousaccordingtothepassage?A. Peoplecanfreezetodeathinit.C. Itstopspeoplehuntingwildanimals.2. Whydoessnowappearwhite?A. Becauseiceisawhitecolour.C. Becauseitreflectssunlight.B. Itmakesroadsdifficulttodriveon.D. Itmakesitdifficultforfreshairtomove.B. Becauseithasmanysurfaces.D. Becausecloudsarewhite.3. Whyissnowagoodthingforplantsandwildanimals?A. Itcoversroadswithsnowandice.B. Snowcreatesfreshdrinkingwater.C. Ithidesthemfromhumanbeings.D. Itkeepsthemwarmincoldweather.4. Whatisneededforsnowtoform?A.2andahalfcentimetersofrain.B. Levelsofairwithdifferenttemperatures.C. Waterparticlesanddust.D. Coldcloudsintheair.【答案】BCDC【解析】本文主要是告訴了我們雪的形狀、用途、顏色及影響。1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However,snowisresponsiblefbrthedeathsofhundredsofpeopleintheUnitedStateseveryyear.Manypeopledieintrafficaccidentsonroadsthatarecoveredwithsnoworice.”可矢口，雪會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多的交通事故。故選B。2. 2田節(jié)理弁軍題。木艮據(jù)"Snowcrystalshavemanysurfacestoreflectsunlight.Itisthislightthatgivessnowitswhitecolor.”可知，雪晶體有許多表面來反射陽光，正是這種光賦予了雪白色的顏色。故選C。3. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Snowfallhelpstoprotectplantsandsomewildanimalsfromthecold.”可知，降雪有助于保護(hù)植物和一些野生動(dòng)物免受寒冷。故選D。4. 2田節(jié)理解題。申艮據(jù)"Snowisaformoffrozenwater.Itcontainsmanygroupsorverysmalliceparticlescalledsnowcrystals(晶體).Thesecrystalsgrowfromwaterparticlesincoldclouds.Theyusuallygrowaroundapieceofdust.”可知，雪是冰凍的水的一種形式。它包含許多組或非常小的冰粒子稱為雪晶體。這些晶體是由冷云中的水粒子形成的。它們通常圍繞著一片灰塵生長(zhǎng)。所以雪的形成需要水顆粒和灰塵，故選C。Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.Itinfluenceshealth,intelligenceandfeelings.August,itisveryhotandwetinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.Peopletherehavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblemsinhismonth.InthenortheastandtheMiddleWest,Itisveryhotatsometimesandverycoldatothertimes.PeopleinthesestateshavemorehearttroubleaftertheweatherchangesinFebruaryorMarch.Theweathercanalsoinfluenceintelligence.Forexample,ina1983reportbyscientists,theIQsofagroupofstudentswereveryhighwhenaverystrongwindcame,butafterthestrongwind,theirIQswere10%lower.Thewindcanhelppeoplehavehigherintelligence.Veryhotweather,ontheotherhand,canmakeitlower.StudentsinmanyschoolsoftheUnitedStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear(JulyandAugust).Weatheralsohasastronginfluenceonpeople'sfeelings.Wintermaybeabadtimeforthinpeople.Theyusuallyfeelcoldinthesemonths.Theymightfeelunhappyincoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhaveahardtimeinhotsummer.Atabout18°C,peoplebecomestronger.Lowairpressuremaymakepeopleforgetful.Peopleleavemorebagsonbusesandinshopsonlow-air-pressuredays.Thereisa"goodweather"forintelligenceandhealth.Peoplefeelbestatatemperatureofabout18°C.Areyoufeelingsad,tired,forgetful;orunhappytoday?Itmaybetheweather'sproblem.5. Theunderlinedword"intelligence,inthepassagemeans""inChinese.A. 財(cái)富B.記憶C.智力D.生活Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatpeoplemaybeillmoreoftenwhen.A. theweatherishotandwet.B.theweatherchangesgreatly.C. theweatheriswarm.D.theweatherisalwayscold.6. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A. Thinpeoplemightfeeltiredincoldweather.B. Fatpeoplemayfeelhardatabout18°C.C.Apersonmayhaveaworsememoryonhigh-air-pressuredays.D. StudentsinAmericaoftendoworseonexamsonveryhotdays.7. Thepassagemostprobablycomesfrom.A.anewspaperB.anadvertisementC.atravelmagazineD.astorybookmaymakepeopleforgetful.A.LowairpressureB.TherainC.TheredD.Thetemperature【答案】CBDAA【解析】本文是一篇說明文，作者用舉例的方法說明了天氣變化對(duì)于人體健康，智商和心情的影響。5. 題意：下畫線單詞“intelligence”漢語中意思是“考查詞義猜測(cè)。A.財(cái)富；B.記憶；C.智力;D.生活。根據(jù)第三段Theweathercanalsoinfluenceintelligence.Forexample,ina1983reportbyscientists,theIQsofagroupofstudentswereveryhighwhenaverystrongwindcame,butafterthestrongwind,theirIQswere10%lower.Thewindcanhelppeoplehavehigherintelligence.Veryhotweather,ontheotherhand,canmakeitlower.StudentsinmanyschoolsoftheUnitedStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear（JulyandAugust）.（天氣也會(huì)影響智力。例如，在1983年科學(xué)家的一份報(bào)告中，一組學(xué)生的智商在強(qiáng)風(fēng)來臨時(shí)非常高，但強(qiáng)風(fēng)過后，他們的智商降低了10%o風(fēng)可以幫助人們擁有更高的智力。另一方面，炎熱的天氣會(huì)使智力降低。美國(guó)許多學(xué)校的學(xué)生在一年中最熱的幾個(gè)月（7月和8月）考試成績(jī)往往比較差。）可知“intelligence”漢語中意思是“智力"；選C。6. 題意：從這篇文章中，我們可以了解到，當(dāng)時(shí)，人們可能更經(jīng)常生病。考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A.theweatherishotandwet.天氣又熱又濕；B.theweatherchangesgreatly.天氣變化很大；C.theweatheriswarm.天氣很暖和；D.theweatherisalwayscold.天氣總是很冷。根據(jù)第二段第3句和第4句InthenortheastandtheMiddleWest,Itisveryhotatsometimesandverycoldatothertimes.PeopleinthesestateshavemorehearttroubleaftertheweatherchangesinFebruaryorMarch.（在東北和中西部，有時(shí)很熱,有時(shí)很冷。在2月或3月的天氣變化后，這些州的人們有更多的心臟病。）可知“當(dāng)天氣變化很大時(shí)，人們可能更經(jīng)常生病。”故選Bo題意：根據(jù)文章，下列哪一項(xiàng)是正確的？考查理解判斷題。A.Thinpeoplemightfeeltiredincoldweather.瘦人在寒冷的天氣可能會(huì)感到疲倦；B.Fatpeoplemayfeelhardatabout18°C.在18°C左右，肥胖的人可能會(huì)感到不舒服；C.Apersonmayhaveaworsememoryonhigh-air-pressuredays.在高氣壓的日子里，一個(gè)人的記憶力可能會(huì)更差；D.StudentsinAmericaoftendoworseonexamsonveryhotdays.美國(guó)學(xué)生在酷熱的日子里考試成績(jī)往往更差。根據(jù)第三段最后一句StudentsinmanyschoolsoftheUnitedStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear（JulyandAugust）.（美國(guó)許多學(xué)校的學(xué)生在一年中最熱的幾個(gè)月（7月和8月）考試成績(jī)往往比較差。）可知D是正確的；選D。7. 題意：這篇文章很可能來自。考查主旨理解題。A.anewspaper報(bào)紙；B.anadvertisement廣告；C.atravelmagazine旅行雜志；D.astorybook故事書。本文是一篇說明文，作者用舉例的方法說明了天氣變化對(duì)于人體健康，智商和心情的影響?？芍@篇文章很可能來自報(bào)紙或雜志；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知選Ao8. 題意：可能使人健忘?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解題。A.Lowairpressure低氣壓；B.Therain雨；C.Thered紅色；D.Thetemperature溫度。根據(jù)第五段第一句Lowairpressuremaymakepeopleforgetful.（低氣壓可能使人健忘。）可知選A。3Areyoufeelingsad,tired,forgetfulorunhappytoday?Itmaybecausedbytheweather.Weatherhasagreateffectonpeople'shealth,intelligenceandfeelings.Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.InAugust,itisveryhotandwetinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.Thereareusuallymorepatientsinthehospitalsduringthismonth.Someofthemhavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblems.InFebruaryorMarch,itisveryhotsometimesandverycoldatothertimeinthenorthandthewest.Peopletherehavehearttroublemoreoften.Theweathercaninfluenceintelligence.Scientistshavediscoveredthatpeople'sIQmaychangeindifferentweather.Forexample,ina1983reportbyscientists,one'sIQmaybeveryhighwhenaverystrongwindcomes.Itmaybe10%belowafterthestrongwind.Thewindcouldimprovepeople'sintelligence.Ontheotherhand,hotweathermaymakeaperson'sIQlower.Forexample,studentsinmanyschoolsoftheUnitedStatesmaygetworsegradesinexamsduringthehotmonthsoftheyear.Weatheralsohasastronginfluenceonpeople'sfeelings.Wintermaybeabadtimeforthinpeople.Theymightfeelunhappyduringcoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhaveahardtimeinhotsummer.Lowerairpressuremaymakepeopleforgetful.It'smorepossibleforpeopletoleavebagsonbusesorinshopsonlowairpressuredays.Ofcourse,thereis"goodweather”forworkandhealth.Peoplefeelbestatatemperatureofabout18°C.9. Thereportin1983toldustherelationbetweenA.weatherandIQA.weatherandIQB.weatherandfeelingC.weatherandhealth.11. PeoplemayhavehigherIQwhencomes.A.arainB.astrongwindC.lowairpressure12. Atatemperatureofabout18°C,A.peopleareforgetfulA.peopleareforgetfulB.peoplefeelbestC.thinpeoplefeelcold13. WhichofthefollowingisTUREaccordingtothepassage?A. Hotandcoldweatherinfluencesallpeopleinthesameway.B. IQneverchangeswhenweatherchanges.C. Peoplemaybecomeforgetfulonlowairpressuredays.14. Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A. HotWeatherCauseHealthProblemsDifferentWeatherMakesPeopleFeelBadB. WeatherInfluencesHealth,IntelligenceandFeelings【答案】ABBCC【解析】你感到疲憊、傷心、健忘、不開心嗎？這也許是天氣的緣故哦。這篇短文給我們講述的是天氣對(duì)我們有很大的影響，它能影響人們的健康、智力和感覺。8. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第四段中Forexample,ina1983reportbyscientists,one'sIQmaybeveryhighwhenaverystrongwindcomes.可知，1983年的一個(gè)報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)強(qiáng)風(fēng)來的時(shí)候，人的智商會(huì)比較高。這個(gè)報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)了天氣和人的智商之間是有關(guān)系的，因此應(yīng)選A。9. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第四段中Forexample,ina1983reportbyscientists,one'sIQmaybeveryhighwhenaverystrongwindcomes.Itmaybe10%belowafterthestrongwind.Thewindcouldimprovepeople'sintelligence.可知，當(dāng)強(qiáng)風(fēng)來臨的時(shí)候，人們的智商會(huì)比較高，由此可知應(yīng)選B。10. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)全文的最后一句話Peoplefeelbestatatemperatureofabout18°C.可知，在溫度是18度的時(shí)候，人們的感覺是最好的。由此可知應(yīng)選B。11. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文最后一段中Lowerairpressuremaymakepeopleforgetful.可知，在低氣壓的天氣里,人們可能會(huì)比較健忘，由此可知C是符合文意的，選C。根據(jù)最后一段Wintermaybeabadtimeforthinpeople.Theymightfeelunhappyduringcoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhaveahardtimeinhotsummer.可矢口A不對(duì)；根據(jù)Scientistshavediscoveredthatpeople'sIQmaychangeindifferentweather.可矢口B不對(duì)。12. 主旨大意題。這篇短文給我們講述的是天氣對(duì)人們的健康、智力和感覺是有很大的影響的。文章第一段用與讀者進(jìn)行交流互動(dòng)的一個(gè)問題因此話題，第二段的第一句話Weatherhasagreateffectonpeople'shealth,intelligenceandfeelings.即這篇短文的中心句，因此C選項(xiàng)能概括文章的大意，是最佳答案。4JILINDAIIATUpdatesforJilinProvinceLibraryJ*1*1*1*1*1*1*!*1*<1*7*Coldwavehasbeenarriving.JilinProvinceLibraryisclosed.Ifthestrongwindisloweredbefore10：00am,thelibrarywillopenat1:00pm.Oritwillbeclosedforthewholeday.Allschoolvisitswillbecancelledtoday.Schoolsshouldcallthelibraryfornewvisits.Alltalksandthebookfairtodaywillbeputoff.Pleasevisitthelibrarywebsitetocheckthenewdatesoftheseevents.ClosureofMunicipalGovernmentStationX*X*X*X*7*1*MunicipalGovernmentStationisclosedbecauseofthecoldwave.Heavyrainandsnowcausedtherailwaylinesicinginsomepartsofthestationthismorning.Trainswillnotstopatthestation.PassengersgoingtoRenminAvenuecantakeabusevery15minutesoutsideExit（出口）D.Passengerspleaseallowmoretimeforyourjourney.ThosegoingtoNanhuanRoadpleasegotoExitsA,BandC.Therewillbefreebuses.13. Ifthestrongwindisloweredat,youcangotothelibraryat1:00pm.A. 9：00amB.11：30amC.1:00pmD.2：00pmWhatcanschoolsdotochangethevisitdates?Theycan.A.visitthelibrarywebsiteB.callthelibrarygotothelibrarywhenitopensD.gotoabookfair14. MunicipalGovernmentStationisclosedbecause.A.thereisiceontherailwaylinesB.therearestrongwindsthereisatrainaccidentD.therearenotrainsfromthisstation15. PassengersgoingtoRenminAvenuecantakeabusat.A.ExitAB.ExitBC.ExitCD.ExitDThearticlemostprobablycomesfrom.A.somestoriesinanovelB.someinstructionsonaprojectsomeinformationinasubwaystationD.someannouncementsonawebsite【答案】ABADD【解析】這篇短文是吉林日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)站上的一則新聞，由于寒潮的到來，吉林圖書館和市政府車站都關(guān)閉了，文章中對(duì)相關(guān)事宜進(jìn)行了安排和介紹。15. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文中“Ifthestrongwindisloweredbefore10：00am,thelibrarywillopenat1:00pm."可知，如果強(qiáng)風(fēng)在上午10點(diǎn)之前變?nèi)酰瑘D書館將在下午1點(diǎn)開放。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，A選項(xiàng)上午9點(diǎn)符合文意,故選A。16. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文中"Allschoolvisitswillbecancelledtoday.Schoolsshouldcallthelibraryfornewvisits.-可知，學(xué)校應(yīng)該給圖書館打電話聯(lián)系重新參觀的事宜。故選B。17. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文中"MunicipalGovernmentStationisclosedbecauseofthecoldwave.Heavyrainandsnowcausedtherailwaylinesicinginsomepartsofthestationthismorning."可知1,市政府車站因寒潮關(guān)閉，因?yàn)榇笥旰痛笱?dǎo)致車站部分地區(qū)的鐵路結(jié)冰。故選A。18. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文中"PassengersgoingtoRenminAvenuecantakeabusevery15minutesoutsideExit（出口）D.”可知，到人民大道的乘客每15分鐘可在D出口換乘公交車。故選D。19. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文意和短文中可知，這篇短文是吉林日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)站上的一個(gè)通知。故選Do5Manypeopletakerunningasawaytokeepfit.Theyliketoruninhotweatherandenjoythefeelingofbeingwetthroughwithsweatwhilerunning.Coldweatherduringwintermonths,withlowtemperaturesandfreezingcoldwinds,maykeepmanypeoplefromrunningintheopenair.However,anewstudyshowsthatthedropintemperatureisagoodreasontorun.Infact,runningincoldweatherhelpsimproveone'sperformance.Manyrunnersmightfinditeasiertoruninwinterthaninhotweather.Lowertemperaturesreducestressonthebody.Whenyourunincoldweather,yourheartrateislower.Andthebodyneedslesswateronacolddaythaninwarmweatherbecausedehydrationlevelsarelowerinwinterthaninwarmerconditions.JohnBrewerisaprofessorofappliedsportsscienceatST.Mary'sUniversityinLondon.Forthisstudy,heandotherresearchersputagroupofpeopleintoaroomwheresummerandwinterweatherconditionsarerecreated.Thetestsubjects,wereaskedtorun10,000metersunderbothconditionsandtheirbiologicalmeasurementswererecordedandstudied.Fromthestudy,everymovementrunnersmakeproducesheat.Theheatcanbereallydamagingunlessthebodycanloseit.Onewayinwhichpeopleloseheatisbysweating.Thebodylosesheatthroughdropletsofsweet.Thebodyalsolosesitbytransportingthebloodtothesurfaceoftheskinanditputsmorestressontheheart,particularlyinhotconditionsbecauseit'smuchhardertoloseheatwhentheoutsideenvironmentiswarm.Astheresultshowsrunninginhottemperaturesresultsin6percenthigherheartrates.Whenrunningincoldconditions,thebodydoesnothavetoworkhardtopumpbloodtotheskinsurface.Therefore,itrequireslessenergy.Themostimportantthingforpeoplewhorunincoldconditionsistoweartherightclothing.Keepasdryaspossiblewhenexercisinginlowtemperatures.Wearmittensonyourhandsinsteadofgloves.Wearmorethanonelayerofclothingtokeepsweatawayfromyourskin.Sodon'tletwinterweatherkeepyouindoors.Simplygetreadyforthelowtemperaturesandstartrunning.20. Whatdoestheunderlineword"dehydration”inParagraph3meansthelossoffromthebody.A.waterB.heatC.stressD.bloodWhydidJohnBrewermakeagroupofpeopleruninaroom?A. Itwaseasiertobereducestress.B. Itwaseasiertoproduceheat.C. Itwaseasiertorecreatedifferentweatherconditions.D. Itwaseasiertorecordtheirbiologicalmeasurements.21. What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A. Totellpeoplenottoruninsummer.B. Todescribehowrunnersruninwinter.C. Toencouragepeopletorunoutdoorsinwinter.D. Tocomparetheadvantagesofrunninginwinterandinsummer.【答案】ADC【解析】這篇文章通過JohnBrewer的研究，介紹了冬季戶外跑步的益處，鼓勵(lì)人們?cè)诙於嘧鰬敉饣顒?dòng)。16. 伺句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Andthebodyneedslesswateronacolddaythaninwarmweatherbecausedehydrationlevelsarelowerinwinterthaninwarmerconditions.可知，身體在寒冷的天氣比在溫暖的天氣需要更少的水，因?yàn)槎斓拿撍奖葴嘏奶鞖獾?。故選A。17. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Thetestsubjects,wereaskedtorun10,000metersunderbothconditionsandtheirbiologicalmeasurementswererecordedandstudied."可知，JohnBrewer讓一群人在房間里跑步，這樣記錄他們的生物測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)就容易多了。故選D。18. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Sodon'tletwinterweatherkeepyouindoors.Simplygetreadyforthelowtemperaturesandstartrunning.,可知，作者鼓勵(lì)人們?cè)诙熳鰬敉膺\(yùn)動(dòng)，故選C。Therearesomewaysofunderstandingtheweather.Onewayistostudytheclouds.Notwocloudsareevenalike.Wecanseethedifferentkindsofthecloudsandwatchthemfromsigns（跡象）ofchangingweather.Toforecast（預(yù)測(cè)）theweather,therearethreethingsaboutcloudsyoushouldlookfor-movement,colour,andchange.Asarule,thehighertheclouds,thebettertheweather.Andthelowertheclouds,theworsetheweather.Fair-weathercumulus（積云）cloudsareanothersignofgoodweather.Therearecloudsweoftenseeonwarmsummerdays.Cloudscantellyouifastormisontheway.Ifthestickcumuluscloudsgetbiggerearlyintheday,thenyouknowitwillrain.Ifasudden,coolanddarkthundercloudappears,thenastormiscoming.Coloursintheskytellusabouttheweather,too.Agoldenringaroundthemoontellusthatastormisontheway.Awateryyellowsunsetisasignthatrainmaybenear.Therainbowhasamessage,too.Thecolouroftherainbowcomefromthesunraysshiningthroughfallingrain.Ifyouseethesunintheeastandarainbowinthewest,therainmaybecomingyourway.Ifthesuninthewestandtherainbowisintheeast,therainwillbemovingawayfromyou.19. Whencanweoftenseecumulusclouds?A.Oncoldwinterdays.B.Oncoldrainydays.C.Onwarmsummerdays.D.Onwarmsunnydays.20. Howmanysignsofacomingrainorastormarementioned（提及）inthepassage.A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.D.Seven.21. Whatisthebesttitle（題目）ofthispassage?A.DifferentKindsofCloudsB.FineWeatherandBadWeatherC.Clouds-signsofChangingWeatherD.WaysofUnderstandingtheWeather【答案】CBD【解析】【解析】本文講述了可以通過研究云的運(yùn)動(dòng)、顏色和變化來判斷天氣狀況。22. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句意：我們通常什么時(shí)候能看到積云？A在寒冷的冬天；B在寒冷多雨的天氣；C在溫暖的夏天；D在溫暖且陽光明媚的天氣。根據(jù)Fair-weathercumulus（積云）cloudsareanothersignofgoodweather.Therearecloudsweoftenseeonwarmsummerdays.可知I答案應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。23. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句意：文中提到了幾種降雨或暴風(fēng)雨來臨的跡象？A4種；B5種；C6種；D7種。根據(jù)（1）Ifthestickcumuluscloudsgetbiggerearlyintheday,thenyouknowitwillrain.（2）Ifasudden,coolanddarkthundercloudappears,thenastormiscoming.（3）Agoldenringaroundthemoontellusthatastormisontheway.C.Ithidesthemfromhumanbeings.4.Whatisneededforsnowtoform?A.2andahalfcentimetersofrain.C.Waterparticlesanddust.C. Itkeepsthemwarmincoldweather.B. LevelsofairwithdifferenttemperaturesColdcloudsintheair.2Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.Itinfluenceshealth,intelligenceandfeelings.August,itisveryhotandwetinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.Peopletherehavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblemsinhismonth.InthenortheastandtheMiddleWest,Itisveryhotatsometimesandverycoldatothertimes.PeopleinthesestateshavemorehearttroubleaftertheweatherchangesinFebruaryorMarch.Theweathercanalsoinfluenceintelligence.Forexample,ina1983reportbyscientists,theIQsofagroupofstudentswereveryhighwhenaverystrongwindcame,butafterthestrongwind,theirIQswere10%lower.Thewindcanhelppeoplehavehigherintelligence.Veryhotweather,ontheotherhand,canmakeitlower.StudentsinmanyschoolsoftheUnitedStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear(JulyandAugust).Weatheralsohasastronginfluenceonpeople'sfeelings.Wintermaybeabadtimeforthinpeople.Theyusuallyfeelcoldinthesemonths.Theymightfeelunhappyincoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhaveahardtimeinhotsummer.Atabout18°C,peoplebecomestronger.Lowairpressuremaymakepeopleforgetful.Peopleleavemorebagsonbusesandinshopsonlow-air-pressuredays.Thereisangoodweather*forintelligenceandhealth.Peoplefeelbestatatemperatureofabout18°C.Areyoufeelingsad,tired,forgetful;orunhappytoday?Itmaybetheweather'sproblem.5. Theunderlinedword"intelligence"inthepassagemeans""inChinese.A.財(cái)富B.記憶C.智力D.生活Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatpeoplemaybeillmoreoftenwhen.A.theweatherishotandwet.B.theweatherchangesgreatly.C. theweatheriswarm.D.theweatherisalwayscold.6. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A. Thinpeoplemightfeeltiredincoldweather.B. Fatpeoplemayfeelhardatabout18°C.C.Apersonmayhaveaworsememoryonhigh-air-pressuredays.D. StudentsinAmericaoftendoworseonexamsonveryhotdays.(4)Awateryyellows