河南省南樂縣張果屯鄉(xiāng)中學(xué)中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí) 動(dòng)詞不定式課件

動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式 動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式是動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式是“to+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形“，有時(shí)可以不帶，有時(shí)可以不帶to. 動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能作謂語。在句中可以作不能作謂語。在句中可以作主語、表語、賓主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。構(gòu)成：TO + DO(動(dòng)詞原形)用法：用法：1.用作賓語用作賓語 (v. + to do )I want to buy a computer.She hopes to find a better job.I wish to go with you.need to do learn to do agree to do plan to do decide to do refuse to dobegin to do start to do try to doforget to do remember to do like to doStop to dogo on to do2. 用作賓語補(bǔ)足語：用作賓語補(bǔ)足語：(V. + SB. + TO DO )She asked me to help her.The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write. want sb to dowish sb to do get sb to doorder sb to do find sb to be like sb to do would like sb to dohelp sb to do作賓語補(bǔ)足語不帶作賓語補(bǔ)足語不帶TO 的情況：的情況：常見動(dòng)詞有：常見動(dòng)詞有：一感：一感：feel二聽：二聽：listen to,hear三讓三讓: let, make, have四看四看: see, look at,watch, notice比較：比較： I saw her crossing the street. I saw her cross the street.3. 用作狀語用作狀語(ADVERBIAL)：I went there to see my teacher. She came back to get her English book.The box was too heavy to move.(目的目的)(目的目的)（結(jié)果）（結(jié)果）4.4.用作主語用作主語1.To be an actress is my dream.2. To go abroad is his dream.3. To say is easy, to do is difficult.（這時(shí)可將其用形式主語（這時(shí)可將其用形式主語it來替換）來替換）It is my dream to be an actress.It is his dream to go abroad.It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.句 型 Its +adj+of sb+to do sth.Eg:你能邀請(qǐng)我，你真是太善良了。Its very kind of you to invit me.若形容詞是描述人的性格、品質(zhì)的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.Eg:你真聰明，解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。 Its clever of you to work out the maths problem. Its +adj+for sb+to do sth. 若形容詞是描述事物的性質(zhì)，用for sb.這類 形容詞有difficult，easy，hard， important， dangerous，（im）possible等。 Eg:對(duì)孩子們來說，穿過繁忙的街道很危險(xiǎn)。 Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. Eg:對(duì)我們來說，完成這項(xiàng)工作很困難。 Its difficult for us to finish the work. 5.用作表語用作表語His work is to feed the animals.Her job is to look after the patients.My wish is to be a scientist.6.用作定語用作定語Give me something to drink.They have much food to eat.（這時(shí)不定式與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。（這時(shí)不定式與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。若是不及物動(dòng)詞，介詞不能省略）若是不及物動(dòng)詞，介詞不能省略）He asked for a room to live in.I dont have a pen to write with.7.疑問詞疑問詞who, what, which, where, when, how加加to do可構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中可用作主語、可構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中可用作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。When to start has not been decided.I dont know what to do.He can tell you where to get the book.The question is who(m) to ask.(主語主語)(賓語賓語)(賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語)(表語表語)比較（比較（COMPARE）I dont know what to do.I dont know how to do it.I dont know what to do about it.說出句子中的不定式，及在句中做什么成分：1.It takes you ten minutes to get there.2.I hope to see him soon.3.His wish is to become an artist.4.People eat to live, but not live to eat.5.I have a lot to tell you.6.Its not right to be always thinking of oneself.7.We often see him play football.定語定語主語主語狀語狀語表語表語賓語賓語主語主語賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語EXERCISE1跳舞非常有趣。跳舞非常有趣。2種些植物是非常有必要的。種些植物是非常有必要的。3說英語對(duì)我來說并不容易。說英語對(duì)我來說并不容易。4聽到你的聲音真高興。聽到你的聲音真高興。To dance is a lot of fun.It is a lot of fun to dance.To grow plants is very important.To hear your voice is so nice.To speak English is not easy for me.It is so nice to hear your voice.EXERCISE1我的工作是每天打掃這間屋子。我的工作是每天打掃這間屋子。2最上策的計(jì)劃就是馬上離開這兒。最上策的計(jì)劃就是馬上離開這兒。3 我的夢想就是成為一名科學(xué)家。我的夢想就是成為一名科學(xué)家。My work is to clean the room every day.The best plan is to leave at once.My dream is to be a scientist.EXERCISE1他想借用我的錄音機(jī)。他想借用我的錄音機(jī)。2他們開始讀和寫。他們開始讀和寫。3李琳喜歡玩什么？她喜歡踢足球。李琳喜歡玩什么？她喜歡踢足球。4你長大了想做什么？你長大了想做什么？He wants to borrow my radio.They began to read and write.What sports does Li Lin like to play? She likes to play soccer.What do you want to be when you grow up?1 我有許多書要看。我有許多書要看。2 她有幾個(gè)問題要問。她有幾個(gè)問題要問。3 他有一臺(tái)電視要修。他有一臺(tái)電視要修。4. 我沒什么可擔(dān)心的。我沒什么可擔(dān)心的。I have many books to read.She has a few questions to ask.He has a TV set to repair.I have nothing to worry about.5 他是一個(gè)值得信賴的人。他是一個(gè)值得信賴的人。6 愛迪生是第一個(gè)發(fā)明電燈的人。愛迪生是第一個(gè)發(fā)明電燈的人。7 他那生病母親最多可活三個(gè)月。他那生病母親最多可活三個(gè)月。He is a man to believe in.Edison was the first man to invent the lights.His sick mother has three months to live at most.They looked for him everywhere and found him _ under the tree.a. liesb. lyingc. layd. lain考點(diǎn)：see/hear/find/watch sb. do sth. (看見某人做了某事）See/hear/find/watch sb. doing sth. （看見某人正在做某事） I saw him _ the supermarket just now.a. enteredb. enteringc. enterd. to enterThe girl who sold matches was found _ the next morning.a. dieb. dyingc. diedd. dead-Do you remember _ me somewhere in Hangzhou?-Yes. I think thats 2 years ago.a. seeb. seeing c. to seed. saw forget/remember to do sth. forget/remember doing sth. stop/go on to do sth stop/go on doing sthThe scientist stopped _ to me though he was busy.a. talkingb. to talkc. to have talk d. having talkThe more you think about it, the more questions you will think of _.a. askb. askedc. askingd. to ask考點(diǎn)：to do 表示目的The doctor did what he could _ that child.a. saveb. to save c. savedd. savingI have no pen _.a. writing b. writing withc. to write withd. writing to do 作定語， 如是不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成不定式短語作定語，其后需接介詞