2016年 新課標英語全國卷3

2016·全國卷(英語)第卷第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。C42016·全國卷 AMusicOpera at Music Hall: 1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honours Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241­2742. http：/. Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723­1182 for more information. http:_/.Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381­3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend. http：/www.symphony.org/home.asp. College Conservatory of Music (CCM): Performances are on the main campus(校園) of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theatre. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well­known LaSalle Quartet, CCM's Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with ID. cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556­4183. http：/www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar. Riverbend Music Theatre: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theatre with the closest seats under cover (price difference). Big name shows all summer long! Phone：232­6220. http：/. 1. Which number should you call if you want to see an opera?A. 241­2742. B. 723­1182. C. 381­3300. D. 232­6220. 2. When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra?A. February. B. May. C. August. D. November. 3. Where can students go for free performances with their ID. cards?A. Music Hall. B. Memorial Hall. C. Patricia Cobbett Theatre. D. Riverbend Music Theatre. 4. How is Riverbend Music Theatre different from the other places?A. It has seats in the open air. B. It gives shows all year round. C. It offers membership discounts. D. It presents famous musical works.【要點綜述】 這是一篇應用文。本文通過廣告的形式介紹了幾家舉行音樂演出的劇場的信息。1A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一則廣告Opera at Music Hall中“Phone：241­2742.”可知，要想看歌劇應撥打電話241­2742。2B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二則廣告中的“which offers several concerts from March through June.”可知，5月份期間可以去聽該音樂會。3C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四則廣告的“Performances are on the main campus(校園) of the universityStudents with ID. cards can attend the events for free.”可知，學生憑身份證可以免費在Patricia Cobbett Theatre看演出。4A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干Riverbend Music Theatre可知信息在最后一則廣告中。再根據(jù)“Large outdoor theatre with the closest seats under cover (price difference)”可知是露天劇場，其他幾家劇場沒有室外席位，因此“露天席位”是其特色。選項中的seats in the open air是outdoor theatre的同義替換。 C22016·全國卷 BOn one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table. “Hey, aren't you from Mississippi？” the elegant, white­haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “I'm from Mississippi too.”Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair. “They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，” Welty said. “I didn't know what my New York friends were thinking.”Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty's new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her big­city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(團聚). “My friend said: Now we believe your stories，” Welty added. “And I said: Now you know. These are the people that make me write them”Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation. “I don't make them up，” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “I don't have to.”Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty's people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss, from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片斷) of a particularly interesting story.5. What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?A. Two strangers joined her. B. Her childhood friends came in. C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner. D. Some people held a party there. 6. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty's _. A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stories7. What can we learn about the characters in Welty's fiction?A. They live in big cities. B. They are mostly women. C. They come from real life. D. They are pleasure seekers. 【要點綜述】 這是一篇記敘文。文章通過作家Welty一次與朋友在外面吃飯的經(jīng)歷，講述了小說中的人物大多都是來自現(xiàn)實生活。5A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句以及第二段中的the stranger可知他們剛坐下沒幾分鐘，一名陌生的顧客來到他們桌旁。根據(jù)第三段“the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.”可知這位陌生顧客的朋友也參與了進來。故選A項。6D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段Welty與她朋友的對話可推斷出them指代的意義。她的朋友說：“現(xiàn)在我們相信你寫的故事了。”Welty說：“你知道，是這些人使我寫出這些故事的?！惫蔬xD項。 7C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，Welty小說中的人物都是來自現(xiàn)實生活中的。故選C項。C72016·全國卷 CIf you are a fruit groweror would like to become onetake advantage of Apple Day to see what's around. It's called Apple Day but in practice it's more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain. Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else. There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it. At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple­themed fun and games. Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果園). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.8. What can people do at the apple events?A. Attend experts' lectures. B. Visit fruit­loving families. C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard. D. Taste many kinds of apples. 9. What can we learn about Decio?A. It is a new variety. B. It has a strange look. C. It is rarely seen now. D. It has a special taste. 10. What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope. C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire. 11. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To show how to grow apples. BTo introduce an apple festival. C. To help people select apples. D. To promote apple research. 【要點綜述】 這是一篇說明文，介紹了蘋果節(jié)的一些情況。8D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples.”可知，參加蘋果節(jié)活動是一次觀賞并品嘗各種各樣蘋果的好機會。故選D項。9C細節(jié)理解題。由第二段最后一句“as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.”可知，Decio這種羅馬人種植的蘋果讓參觀者眼睛為之一亮，它長著多疙瘩的貓頭樣的形狀，更讓人感到好奇。由此可知這種蘋果非常罕見。故選C項。10B詞義猜測題。由第三段的“There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditionsbut you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it”可知這個品種比較嬌貴，種植它需要溫暖、有遮蔽且肥沃的土壤，因此種植成功的可能性不大，由此可知答案。11B寫作意圖題。文章介紹了蘋果節(jié)的時間、地點、影響及在蘋果節(jié)上的活動及見聞，最后建議讀者參觀the National Fruit Collection。由此可知作者寫作此文的目的是向讀者介紹蘋果節(jié)的。故選B項。C52016·全國卷 DBad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(監(jiān)控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people's e­mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories. “The if it bleeds' rule works for mass media，” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing word­of­mouth communicatione­mails, Web posts and reviews, face­to­face conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative(消極的), but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times' website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e­mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non­science articles. He found that science amazed Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激發(fā)) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr Berger explains in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On.12. What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?A. News reports. B. Research papers. CPrivate e­mails. D. Daily conversations.13. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?A. They're socially inactive. B. They're good at telling stories. C. They're inconsiderate of others. D. They're careful with their words. 14. Which tended to be the most e­mailed according to Dr Berger's research?ASports news. B. Science articles. C. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Sad stories travel far and wideBOnline news attracts more peopleC. Reading habits change with the timesD. Good news beats bad on social networks【要點綜述】 這是一篇議論文，討論了新聞傳播的規(guī)則，以及讀者喜歡分享什么樣的文章。12A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.”可知文章開頭引用的規(guī)則是應用于新聞報道的。故選A 項。13C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，“if it bleeds” 規(guī)則用于大眾媒體時只是為了吸引大眾的眼球而不關心大眾的感受，可是當你與朋友分享故事的時候，你更多關注的是朋友的反應。因為你不想讓朋友認為你不考慮他人的感受。故選C項。14B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，Dr Berger和同事對電子郵件傳播分析了六個月，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)科技板塊比其他專欄更受歡迎。故選B項。15D主旨大意題。文章首尾呼應，根據(jù)第一段最后一句以及文章的最后一句“The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared”可推斷出，積極向上的報道傳播更快，更受讀者喜愛。故D項能概括全文。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)J12016·全國卷 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everyone knows that fish is good for health. _16_ But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn't difficult. _17_ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way._18_ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh. _19_ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. _20_ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices(調(diào)料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it's ready to serve. A. Do not buy it. B. The easiest is to steam it. C. This is how you can do it. D. It just requires a little knowledge. EThe fish will go bad within hours. FWhen buying fish, you should first smell it. GThe fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. 【要點綜述】 這是一篇說明文，介紹了吃魚對人的好處，以及新鮮魚的挑選及烹飪方法。16. G承接上一句“大家都知道魚對人的健康有益”可知，下一句應該是說“魚的脂肪被認為能夠預防心臟病”。故選G項。17. D上文提及“買魚、貯存魚和烹飪魚不難”，下一句說“本文就是有關如何購買魚，并用簡易的方法烹飪魚的”，所以空格處應該是說“買魚、儲存魚和烹飪魚要求具備一些相關的知識”。故選D項。18. F 由空格后的句子說“新鮮的魚聞起來應該味道鮮美”可知上一句應該是說“你買魚的時候應該首先聞一聞”。故選F項。19. A由上一句說“任何魚腥味或者難聞的腥臭味都意味著魚不新鮮了”可知下一句應該是說“不要買這樣的魚”。故選A項。20. B空格前的句子說“烹飪魚有多種常見的方法”，后面介紹蒸魚的步驟，由此可知空格處的句子應該是關于蒸魚的。故選B項。第二部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分30分)B22016·全國卷 閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant _21_ Miller King, who was the best _22_ at our school. Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for _23_. Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from _24_. He looked very _25_， but he didn't cry. That season, I _26_ all of Miller's records while he _27_ the home games from the bench. We went 10­1 and I was named most valuable player, _28_ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's _29_. One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller _30_ going over a fencewhich wasn't _31_ to climb if you had both arms. I'm sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept _32_ from. But even that challenge he accepted. I _33_ him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally _34_ on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didn't tell you this during the season, but you did _35_. Thank you for filling in for _36_” His words freed me from my bad _37_. I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was _38_ ahead of me. I was right to have _39_ him. From that day on，I grew _40_ and a little more real.21. A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with22. A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player23. A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure24. A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training25. A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed26. A. held B. broke C. set D. tried27. A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched28. A. and B. then C. but D. thus29. A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice30. A. stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost31. A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit32. A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology33. A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed34. A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe35. A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally36. A. us B. yourself C. me D. them37. A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams38. A. still B. also C. yet D. just39. A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired40. A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler【要點綜述】 這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章描述了“我”十三歲時的夢想是成為校足球隊明星，后來校足球隊一名種子選手意外失去一只手臂，“我”因此實現(xiàn)了夢想后的復雜心情。21. B“我”唯一的目標是要成為頭號種子選手，言外之意就是要戰(zhàn)勝或者擊敗現(xiàn)在的最優(yōu)秀的選手Miller King。beat out sb意為“打敗某人”。22. D由后文內(nèi)容可知Miller King是學校足球隊最棒的隊員?！拔摇币氤蔀閷W校足球隊的明星，就必須要戰(zhàn)勝學校里最優(yōu)秀的足球隊員。23. A由上文“all summer long I worked out.”可知為了實現(xiàn)夢想，“我”隨身帶著足球隨時 “練習”， 故選practice。24. C由上文可知，就在九月份比賽開始之前，Miller被車撞了，失去了右臂，因此“我”是在Miller從醫(yī)院(hospital)回來之后去看望他的。25. A 病人剛出院時面色是蒼白的(pale)。26. B“我”打破了Miller所保持的全部紀錄。break a record意為“打破紀錄”。27. D由語境可知此時Miller是坐在凳子上看“我”比賽。故選watch。28. C“我”雖然被命名為最有價值的隊員，可是“我”常常做噩夢。由句子間的邏輯關系可知，此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關系。29. C夢中“我”常常因Miller的事故受到責備。此處表明“我”雖然成為校足球隊的明星，可是“我”心里并不好過。如果不是Miller因意外車禍喪失了右臂，也許“我”不會有今天的成功。30. A一天下午“我”在經(jīng)過運動場回家時，看到Miller在翻越柵欄時被困住了。由下文“如果你有兩只手臂翻越柵欄不會有困難”可知，只有一只手臂的Miller此時遇到了困難。stick意為“卡??；困?。粍硬涣恕?，符合語境。故選A項。31. B如果用兩只手臂翻越一個柵欄是不困難的。故選hard。32. C句意：“我”相信“我”是這個世界上他最不想要接受幫助的人。assistance意為“幫助”。33. B由“But even that challenge he accepted.”可知，“我”幫助他慢慢翻過柵欄。34. D由“move slowly over the fence(慢慢翻過柵欄)”可知，“我們”最終安全地到了柵欄的另一邊。35. A由“I was named most valuable player”可知，Miller夸“我”這個賽季表現(xiàn)得好。do fine意為“做得不錯”。36. C Miller本來就是學校足球隊的最優(yōu)秀選手，只是因為車禍而與足球失之交臂，他感謝“我”為他完成了他沒有完成的心愿。這里是直接引語，故用me。37. D由“I often had crazy dreams”可知“我”經(jīng)常做噩夢，現(xiàn)在他的話使“我”在精神上得以解脫。38. A雖然傷殘了但沒有被殘疾打敗，他依然遠遠地超越“我”。 用still符合語境。39. D“我”對Miller這位校足球隊最優(yōu)秀的選手一直是崇拜的。所以這里表達的意思是：“我”欽佩他是對的。故選D項。40. B通過一連串的經(jīng)歷“我”更加成熟，內(nèi)心更加強大，即“長大了”，而不是變得“更健康”“更聰明”或“更冷酷”。故選bigger。第卷第二部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)J22016·全國卷 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In much of Asia, especially the so­called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41._ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42._ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43._ (create) special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44._ (use) twigs(樹枝) to remove it. Over time, 45._ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46._ (gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47._ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC., influenced the 48._ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49._ (be) too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50._ their hands. 【要點綜述】 本文是一篇說明文，介紹了筷子的歷史演變以及它在中國等國家飲食文化中的地位。41. andChina, Japan, Korea 和Vietnam為并列關系。42. be made主語chopsticks與謂語make是被動關系，且前有情態(tài)動詞，故填be made。43. to create用動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語。44. using此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。45. as/when句意：隨著時間的推移，當人口增長的時候，人們開始把大塊食物切成小塊，以便更快地煮熟。用as或when，表示“當?shù)臅r候”。46. gradually修飾謂語turn into，需用副詞。故填gradually。47. who引導一個非限制性定語從句，對先行詞Confucius(孔子)起到補充說明的作用，故填who。48. development前有定冠詞the修飾，應該是名詞形式，故填development。49. were此句是并列句，主語是knives，因此be應用復數(shù)形式，再結(jié)合前半句“Confucius believed knives would remind”可知填be的過去式were。50. with句意：在印度，大多數(shù)人還習慣用手吃飯。介詞with意為“用，使用”。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)E12016·全國卷 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn't seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents