新標準大學英語 unit單詞

Book 3 Unit 2Ar 1A. New words1. kaleidoscopen. a toy that shows changing patternsAs a metaphor, it means a view, situation or experience that keeps changing and has many different aspects.Work in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese.a. the kaleidoscope of the ages 時代的萬花筒b. a kaleidoscope of colour and pattern 顏色和圖案千變萬化c. the kaleidoscope of life 人生的萬花筒d. the kaleidoscope of illusions瞬息萬變的幻覺2. flauntn. to deliberately try to make people notice something, eg your possessions, beauty, abilities etc, because you want them to admire youWork in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese.a. buy expensive services and products in order to flaunt your wealth購買昂貴的服務和商品以炫耀自己的財富b. The ill-bred woman flaunted her riches in public. 那位沒有教養(yǎng)的婦人當眾炫耀她的財富。3. droneWork in pairs. Match the sentences/phrases with the meanings.a continuous low noisethe drone of the aeroplanea type of male bee that does not do any workDrones dont work.an aircraft that does not have a pilot but is controlled from the groundA drone bomberBees drone.to make a continuous low sound4. barrenadj. without any interesting or positive features, dry and emptyWork in pairs. Match the Chinese translation of barren.a. barren or marginal farmland 荒蕪、邊遠的農田b. writing of barren insight 缺乏洞察力的作品c. the barren, inhospitable desert那片貧瘠、荒涼的沙漠5. tagvt. to touch another player in some childrens gamesn. to fix a small piece of paper or other material to something to give information about itWork in pairs. Identify the part of speech in the sentences/phrases.1. Carol tagged Carl in the hide-and-seek. 2. a price tag 3. luggage tag 4. May I have your tag, please?5. All her suitcases have been tagged with her name and address.Verb: 1&5 Noun: 2,3,46. draftv. 1)(often passive, AmE) to conscribe someone into the army forces 征召（某人）入伍 2) to write sth. such as a legal document, speech, or letter that may have changes made to it before it is finished 起草，草擬（法律文件、演講或信件）n. 1) sth. such as a plan, letter, or drawing that may have changes made to it before it is finished （計劃、信件或繪畫等的）草稿，草案 2) a system in which professional teams in some sports choose players each year from among college students 運動員選拔制（某些職業(yè)運動隊每年在大學生中選拔新隊員)Work in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese.1. draft resolution決議草案2. NBA draft NBA選秀3. To help her father and brother, Mulan was drafted. 為幫助父兄，木蘭應征入伍4. That is my first draft of the dissertation. 那是我學位論文的初稿。 5. They are drafting a new constitution for the country. 他們正在為國家起草一部新憲法7. marvel at find sth. surprising and fascinatingWork in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese.1. We marvel at their tremendous achievements.我們驚嘆他們取得的巨大成就。2. People marvel at the accuracy with which we have been able to diagnose their handwriting. 人們對我們能準確判斷出他的筆跡而贊嘆不已。8. set backa. (usu. passive) (of the building) not in the prominent positionb. to delay the process of someone or sth.Work in pairs and match the meanings.1. The spending cuts have set the research project back several years. b2. The lecture hall is set far back from the busy main road. a9. come into ones own a. to show how effective and useful one can beb. to take possession of what is rightfully one's own property Work in pairs and explain the meaning of the following sentences.1. Michael wrote successful novels before, but he really come into his own with the latest one.  a2. The shop owners at last came into their own. b3. The scientific study of dreams has not yet come into its own. a10. bear a resemblance to to be similar toWork in pairs and translate the sentences.1. He bore a passing resemblance to the suspect.他與嫌疑犯長得略微有點相似。2. Most of the constellations actually bear little resemblance to the figures they are supposed to. 其實，大多數(shù)星座與它們被想象的形象之間僅僅稍微有些相似。Work in pairs and translate the collocations.bear much resemblance to 與···很相似bear a markedresemblance to 與···驚人地相似bear a physical resemblance to 與···具有外形的相似之處bear a superficial resemblance to 與···僅有表面相似Useful expressions1.民防圖標設計 the Civil Defense signs2.那些精彩紛呈的日子the changing colors of those days3.歷歷在目 clear and definite4.黑幽幽的海水the darkening water5.夕陽將粉色的余暉灑在··. the sunset flaunted its pink flag above6.浪濤的聲音淹沒在···the sound of waves was lost in7.流星 the shooting stars8.我夢想斑斕的歲月 the days of my technicolor dreams9.在昏暗的暮色中 in the vague twilight10.慢慢進入夢鄉(xiāng) drift off to sleep11.在一陣驚嚇中醒來 awake with a sudden shock12.每夜的太空冒險 the nightly adventures13.肩披隨風颼颼作響的斗篷 with ones cape whistling in the wind14.當他的斗篷神奇地旋轉時 in the magic whirling of his cape15.上百只海鷗的振翅聲 the wings of a hundred seagulls16.上千架飛機的馬達轟鳴聲 the motors of a thousand planes17.超人的崇拜者the worshipper of Superman18.有點書呆子氣的男孩a bookish boy19.飛行的純粹的詩意the sheer poetry of flight20.光禿禿的鋪著碎石的操場the barren gravel playground21.意外抓捕和快速解救的游戲surprise captures and sudden rescues22.一種虛幻的優(yōu)越感a sense of windy superiority23.膽小怕事的男孩mamas boy24.教謝爾登怎么扮演他的角色prompt Sheldon in his part25.和隱姓埋名的超人長得特別像bear an extraordinary resemblance to Superman incognitoB。Language points1. grammar school n. C1) (AmE) a primary school 小學e.g. He almost certainly attended the Grammar School in the town, but we cannot be sure of this.幾乎可以肯定他當時在鎮(zhèn)上念小學，但對此我們沒有絕對把握。Ø A grammar school is a slightly old-fashioned term for an elementary school in the US.2) (BrE) a school in the UK for children between the ages of 11 and 18 who have passed a special examination to be allowed to go there 文法學校（供11歲至18歲孩子上的學校，需通過特殊考試后方能獲準進入）e.g. So many students gained entry to Oxford this year, which was pretty good going for a provincial Grammar School. 今年這么多學生考進了牛津大學。這對一個偏遠的文法學校來說是相當大的進步。Ø In Britain a grammar school refers to a secondary school.2. Winthrop 溫斯洛普（美國一地名） Winthrop is the town in Massachusetts, US, not far from Boston, and where Sylvia Plath spent most of her childhood. 3. I can recall the changing colors of those days, clear and definite as a pattern seen through a kaleidoscope.A kaleidoscope is a toy that shows changing patterns. It is made of a tube with mirrors and colored pieces of glass inside. The glass pieces move as you turn the kaleidoscope. As a metaphor, kaleidoscope means a view, situation or experience that keeps changing and has many different aspects.4. Civil Defense 民防系統(tǒng) Civil defense or civil protection is an effort to protect the citizens of a state (generally non-combatants) from military attack. It uses the principles of emergency operations: prevention, mitigation, preparation, response, or emergency evacuation, and recovery. Civil Defense signs were signs which children in schools were encouraged to draw and which showed what to do in the event of a nuclear attack.5. definite a.1)(never before noun)very clear about what you say so that everyone understands you; (of a person) certain or sure about sth. 清楚的；清晰的；（人）確信的，肯定的1. Shes not definite about retiring from the game.她尚未表明是否退出比賽。2) clearly decided and specific 明確的；確切的We havent arranged a definite date for our visit yet.我們還沒有安排訪問的確切日期。6. and look over the lights of Boston that blazed and blinked far off across the darkening water.To blaze means to burn strongly and brightly. “The lights . that blazed and blinked” means the lights were bright and went on and off continuously, like the blinking of eyes.眺望黑幽幽的海水那邊波士頓城明亮閃爍的燈光。7. The sunset flaunted its pink flag above the airport, and the sound of waves was lost in the perpetual droning of the planes.Ø The sunset flaunted its pink flag means the pink color of the setting sun waslike a flag which the sun was using to try to make everyone notice and admire it. Ø To drone means to make a continuous low sound. Because Logan is an international airport, the noise of the planes continued all the time. So it was perpetual.夕陽將粉色的余暉灑在機場上空，浪濤的聲音永遠淹沒在一架架飛機永無休止的嗡嗡聲中。perpetual a.continuing all the time; happening so often that you become annoyed as a result 無休止的；頻繁（以致令人生厭）的1. Many people live in perpetual fear of losing their jobs.許多人老是生活在失業(yè)的恐懼中。2. We heard his perpetual noise in the room.我們聽見他在房間里老是發(fā)出聲音。8. marvel v. ( at / over)show or feel surprise or admiration(對)感到驚訝；欽佩1. We marvelled at the view that opened up before us. 我們對展現(xiàn)在面前的一片景色驚佩不已。2. Visitors to Rome marvel over the beauty of the city.來到羅馬的游客無不驚嘆于它的美麗。Word family: marvelousa.e.g. Never have we seen so marvelous landscape.我們從來沒有見過如此美妙的風景。9. The airport was my Mecca, my Jerusalem.Mecca and Jerusalem are both considered holy cities. As places for pilgrimage they attract people from far and wide, so as metaphors they represent a significant goal or attractive destiny. 機場就是我的麥加，我的耶路撒冷。Mecca 麥加（沙特阿拉伯圣城，先知穆罕默德的誕生地）Mecca is a city in Saudi Arabia. It is the holiest city for Islam, where the Prophet Muhammad was born. More than 13 million Muslims visit Mecca annually. As a result, Mecca has become one of the most cosmopolitan and diverse cities in the Muslim world. Non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the city. Jerusalem 耶路撒冷（西南亞巴勒斯坦地區(qū)著名古城，伊蘭教、猶太教和基督教的圣地）Jerusalem is a holy city and place of pilgrimage for Jews, Christians and Muslims. It is a symbolic centre for Jews. For Christians, this is the sacred city where Jesus lived, taught, died and was buried, and is believed to have been resurrected. For Muslims, this is the third holiest city (after Mecca and Medina) because theProphet Muhammad is believed to have had a miraculous journey to Jerusalem and from there made a journey to heaven.10. drift off: start to sleep開始入睡e.g. I was just drifting off when the phone rang.我正要睡著， 鈴響了。11. breathless adj. breathing very fast and hard, for example after exercising; holding or as if holding the breath due to excitement or other strong feelings 呼吸急促的；氣喘吁吁的；（由于激動或其他強烈的感情而）屏息的 1. She was breathless after running up the stairs. 跑上樓梯她就氣喘吁吁了。2. The children are breathless as they watch the tightrope act.孩子們在看走繩索表演時都屏住了呼吸。Word family: breath n.12. Icarus Icarus refers to the Greek myth about Daedalus, a craftsmanwhobuilta labyrinth (maze) for King Minos, king of Crete. But the king put Daedalus and his son Icarus in prison. Daedalus made wings so that they could escape. However, Icarus flew so near the sun that the wax holding the feathers together melted and he fell to his death in the sea. Daedalus reached Sicily where he was considered the inventor of many tools for carpentry and techniques for ship-building. The Icarus story often represents the consequences of too much ambition he tried to fly too high.伊卡羅斯（希臘神話中巧匠Daedalus之子，與其父雙雙以蠟翼粘身飛離克里特島，因飛得太高，蠟被陽光融化，墜愛琴海而死）13. whirl v. spin quickly in circles（使）飛旋；（使）旋轉1. We watched the seagulls whirling and shrieking over the harbour. 我們看海鷗在港口上空盤旋鳴叫。2. It may whirl either clockwise or counterclockwise. 它可能順時針方向或逆時針方向旋轉。14. Out by the parking lot A parking lot is the American equivalent of a car park, British English. A lot in American English refers to a small area of land used for a particular purpose. 外面停車場15During recess, David and I came into our own. Ø To come into ones own means to have the opportunity to show how good or useful someone is. Here the two children are good at imaginative play with Superman games.課間休息時，我和戴維可以大展身手了。recess n.1) C, U (AmE) a period between school lessons when students can eat, rest, or play 課間休息2) C a space in a room where part of a wall is further back than the rest of it 凹進處；壁龕e.g. You could create two groups of miniatures in the recesses on either side of the fireplace.你可以在壁爐兩邊的凹陷處創(chuàng)作兩組縮微畫。Word family：recession n. a period when trade and industry are not successful and there is a lot of unemployment （經濟）衰退，蕭條Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.We should concentrate on sharply reducing interest rates to pull the economy out of _. (CET4-2003-06-43) A) rejectionB) restriction C) retreatD) recession D16. Our Superman games made us outlaws An outlaw is a criminal, especially one who moves from place to place to avoid being caught. There are many famous stories of outlaws in Western culture, e.g. Robin Hood, Billy the Kid, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, Ned Kelly etc. Here, the two children are outlaws because they play their imaginative games against the custom of other games like dodge-ball.課間超人游戲讓我們變得像兩個逃犯似的17. windy a.1) using a lot of long words to try to impress people but not really saying very much 浮夸的；夸夸其談的I am not impressed by the politicians windy talk.政治家的夸夸其談沒有給我留下什么印象。2) with a lot of wind 刮大風的；多風的e.g. A feather floats about on the air, especially on a windy day. 羽毛會在空中四處飄動，尤其是在多風的天氣。18. stand-in n. Csomeone or something that takes the place of another person or thing for a short time, especially in order to do their job while they are not available (某人或某物的)臨時代替者1. The star had a stand-in for dangerous scenes.這個明星有一個替身來應付危險場景。2. Gilbert failed to find a stand-in and so could not go to the party. 吉爾伯特找不到代替他的人，也就去不了聚會了。19. the sallow mammas boy Mamma, mama, momma, mummy are childrens names for mother (mum). A mammas boy is one who depends too much on his mother and is not independent when he should be.一個臉色蒼白、膽小怕事的孩子20. . skin his fat knees.To skin ones knees means to hurt ones knees by falling on a rough surface in a way that causes some skin to be removed. 擦傷他那胖胖的膝蓋。21. prompt vt.1) encourage someone to speak or continue speaking 鼓勵（某人說話或繼續(xù)說下去）e.g. The speaker was rather hesitant and had to be frequently prompted by the chairman.那個發(fā)言人講話結結巴巴的,經常得由主席來鼓勵。2) (mainly journalism) cause sth. to happen or be done 導致；促使；促發(fā)e.g. News of the scandal prompted a Senate investigation.有關丑聞的消息促使參議院進行調查。22. torture n. Cextreme physical pain caused by someone or something, especially as a punishment or as a way to make someone say something 拷打；拷問；酷刑逼供1. The confession was made under torture. 屈打成招。2. The use of torture must disgust any civilized person. 施用酷刑必為文明社會的人所不齒。23. At the time my Uncle Frank was living with us while waiting to be drafted The draft means conscription into the armed forces for military service. People who are drafted are made tojoin the army, navy etc; they are conscripts or draftees not volunteers. 那時候，弗蘭克舅舅住在我們家，等著參軍24. incognito ad. using a false name, or changing your appearance so that you will not be recognized 隱名埋姓地；使用化名地1. He didn't want to be recognized, so he travelled incognito.他不想被人認出，所以出行時隱瞞了身份。2. The prince travelled incognito to avoid crowds and ceremonies. 王子微服旅行以避開人群及避免歡迎儀式。