牛津英語模塊六Unit Grammar and usagePPT課件

第1頁/共42頁Unreal conditionals虛擬語氣中的非真實條件句第2頁/共42頁虛擬語氣可用于條件句和其它一些從句中。虛擬語氣用于條件句中比較多，情況也比較復雜，所以要特別加以注意。首先要判斷一下是否應該用虛擬語氣，因為條件句分為兩種，一種是真實條件句，一種是非真實條件句，只有在非真實條件句中才用虛擬語氣，在真實條件句中，要用陳述語氣。虛擬語氣的介紹第3頁/共42頁Observe the following sentences and tell whether they are real or unreal conditional clauses. 第4頁/共42頁If we go on polluting the world, it wont be fit for us to live in.If you are busy doing your homework, I wont interrupt you.If you have finished cleaning the classroom, you can go home now.(Under these conditions, the things are sure to happen.)第5頁/共42頁If there were a lot of good restaurants in the city, this would make it more attractive. (There arent many good restaurant now.)If a lot of people spoke English, it would be very helpful for tourists. (Not many people can speak English now.)第6頁/共42頁非真實條件句的時態(tài)表達如果假設(shè)的情況完全不存在或者實現(xiàn)的可能性很小,可以說幾乎沒有時,就需要用虛擬語氣來表達,也就是說,這時的條件句是非真實的條件句。此時的句子時態(tài)比真實條件句中的時態(tài)后退一步。第7頁/共42頁虛擬語氣條件從句和主句中的虛擬語氣 時間時間從句從句 主句主句與與現(xiàn)在事現(xiàn)在事實實相反相反If +主語主語+動動詞的過去式詞的過去式(be-were)與與過去事過去事實實相反相反If+主語主語+had +過去分詞過去分詞主語+should/ would/could/might+動詞原形主語+should/would/could/might + have+過去分詞第8頁/共42頁與與將來事將來事實實相反相反If+主語主語+were to/(should) + 動動詞原形詞原形主語+should/would/could/might+動詞原形第9頁/共42頁注意：在if I /he/she/it 之后，可用were代替was。兩者在意義上沒有區(qū)別，但是were更為正式，特別是在陳述心存懷疑的事情時，如：If she were ready, we would go.第10頁/共42頁在與將來事實相反的條件從句中，我們可以用were to或should +do來表示, ,如: :If I were to fail my English test, I would have to take it again at the end of the term.If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it.第11頁/共42頁在非真實條件句中，如果有were，had，should，我們可以將if省略，把這些詞置于句首，采用倒裝形式，如:If I should meet her, I would tell her. = Should I meet her, I would tell her. 虛擬條件句中的省略與倒裝第12頁/共42頁If I were in your position, I would do it better. = Were I in your position, I would do it better.If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded.=Had they made preparations, they would have succeeded.第13頁/共42頁有時非真實條件句中，主句謂語動詞所表示的動作和條件從句中謂語動詞所表示的動作并不同時發(fā)生，這時動詞的形式并不完全按照上述表格來進行，而需要按照各自的時間來調(diào)整，這樣的句子就叫錯綜時間條件句。錯綜時間條件句第14頁/共42頁e.g. If you had followed the doctors advice, then you would be all right now. If I hadnt finished my composition by now, I would be working on it tomorrow. If she had prepared well for her lessons yesterday, she wouldnt have so many difficulties now.第15頁/共42頁有時一個假設(shè)的情況并不用條件從句表示, ,而用其它方式來表示, ,這樣的句子叫含蓄條件句。1. 用with，without等介詞短語或分詞短語或者獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來代替條件從句。含蓄條件句第16頁/共42頁e.g. We might have died without your help. =We might have died if you hadnt helped us. Having known in time, we could have stopped it. = If we had known in time, we could stopped it.第17頁/共42頁在條件從句中除最常見的連詞之外,尚有下列連詞: otherwise; in case; but that; on condition that; unless; suppose/supposing (that); so long as; provided/providing (that)2. 用相當于if 的其他連詞表示虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)第18頁/共42頁e.g. I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. But that you had offered help, they couldnt have finished their work on time.第19頁/共42頁e.g. I would have given you more money, but I was poor then. I would have called you, but I forgot your telephone number.3. 通過上下文來虛擬第20頁/共42頁固定句式的虛擬語氣should+動詞原形；should可以省略： demand, suggest, advise, propose, insist, order, request, desire, urge, deserve, recommend, intend等詞后所跟的賓語從句中第21頁/共42頁 It + be + suggested / demanded + that 引導的主語從句 suggestion, proposal 引導的同位語從句 It is+ important / necessary + that 從句 for fear that (惟恐) 引導的從句中須 用should+動詞原形第22頁/共42頁固定句式的虛擬語氣，從句中用過去式（從句中，如果表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反, 謂語動詞用過去式；如果表示與過去事實相反, 謂語動詞用過去完成式。）as if, as though, wish, would rather, if onlyIts high (about) time + 從句時，從句謂語動詞只能用過去式。第23頁/共42頁(1)_ (2)_(3)_ (4)_ (5)_ (6)_(7)_ (8)_ (9)_ (10)_attendedwentwould / might bewould / might seewould / could bedidhad travelledwould have to takewould not have neededtravelledYe Fei asks Ma Li for help on his homework. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets.第24頁/共42頁My grandpas ifs1Had been2Had; got3Had; had / if; had had4Would; have beenMa Li is thinking about her grandfather and is writing about him in her notebook. Help her complete the sentences.第25頁/共42頁1._ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not第26頁/共42頁2. He came late, otherwise he _ the first bus. A. caught B. would catch C. would have caught D. had caught3. Mary was going to the wedding if her friend _ her. A. hadnt called on B. didnt call at C. didnt call on D. hadnt called at第27頁/共42頁4. Lets stop watching the boring TV programme, Jack! If you dont watch it, I _ , either. A. dont B. wont C. am not D. stop第28頁/共42頁5. Shall I tell John about the bad news? No, you _. I think that will make him sad. A. neednt B. wouldnt C. shouldnt D. mustnt第29頁/共42頁6. Why did you throw the bottle out of the window? You _ somebody. A. might hurt B. could have hurt C. would hurt D. must have hurt 7. Mum, may I got out and play? No, you _ . A. wont B. dont C. arent able to D. cant第30頁/共42頁8. From what I hear about their hotel and the weather, they _ their holiday very much. A. would have enjoyed B. shouldnt have enjoyed C. neednt have enjoyed D. cant have enjoyed 第31頁/共42頁9. Did you hear me come in last night? No, I _ asleep. A. cant be B. must be C. must have been D. couldnt have been第32頁/共42頁10. Ill pay you by cheque monthly. Id rather you _ me cash weekly. A. pay B. will pay C. are to pay D. paid第33頁/共42頁11. They didnt want to come with us at first. But then we _ persuade them. A. had managed to B. were able to C. did try to D. would have to第34頁/共42頁12. The doctor said, “Sir, you _ be sitting in this waiting room. Its for the children only.” A. oughtnt to B. cant C. mustnt D. wont第35頁/共42頁13. Did Wei Hua have breakfast before going to school yesterday? No, but I think he _ have. A. will B. may C. should D. must第36頁/共42頁14. I would have informed her if possible, but I _ so busy. A. were B. had been C. was D. would be第37頁/共42頁15. No one was prepared for Mr. Hills questions. I guess we _ the lesson last night. A.I would read B. ought to read C. should have read D. had read第38頁/共42頁Magic LanternMagic BrushWhat would you do if you had a?第39頁/共42頁Time MachineOne million第40頁/共42頁1. Finish Parts C1 and C2 on Page 116 in Workbook.2. Write a short passage about what would you do if you had第41頁/共42頁感謝您的觀看！第42頁/共42頁