2019中考英語必備習題精編 專題9 短文填空 6 用所給詞的適當形式填空（含解析）

短文填空（2018·云南昆明）用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空，使語篇意義完整，必要時請用否定式。（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分） The most interesting museum Ive ever been to is the American Computer Museum. They have 66 (information) about different computers and who invented them. The old computer were much bigger. Its unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way! Ive also learned that there was a special computer. It could play chess even 67 (well) than humans. I wonder how much more computers 68 (be) able to do in the future. Ive 69 (recent) been to a very unusual museum in India, the international Museum of Toilets. I just 70 (could) believe my eyes when I saw so many different kinds of toilets there. The museum 71 (teach) people about the history and development of toilets. It also encourages governments and social groups 72 (think) about ways to improve toilets in the future. Last year I went to the Hangzhou 73 (national) Tea Museum. Its a relaxing and peaceful place near a lake. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. Watching the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea 74 (it). Ive finally realized why my grandpa loves drinking tea and 75 (collect) tea sets. 體裁說明文話題文化之旅詞數200【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了三中不同類型的博物館，展現(xiàn)了各國不同的文化。66. information考查名詞。information為不可數名詞，故用原形。67. better考查形容詞。根據句中than可知要用比較等級，well比較級形式為better。68. will be考查動詞時態(tài)。根據句中in the future可知要用一般將來時，故用will be。69. recently考查副詞。recent為形容詞，其副詞形式為recently。70. couldnt考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：當我看見那里這么多不同種類的廁所時我?guī)缀醪幌嘈抛约旱难劬Α＝Y合句意可知應用否定式，根據下文的saw可知應用一般過去式。71. teaches考查動詞時態(tài)。結合下文中“It also encourages”可知此句應用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為the museum，為單三形式。72. to think考查非謂語動詞。encourage sb. to do sth.意為“鼓勵某人做某事”。73. National考查形容詞。national意為“國家的”，此處表示專有名詞，故字母n大寫。74. itself考查代詞。句意：觀看茶的準備工作就像飲茶本身那樣非常令人享受。itself意為“它自己”。75. collecting考查非謂語動詞。love doing sth.意為“喜歡做某事”。C ) (2018·江蘇徐州) 用括號中所給動詞的正確形式填空，使短文完整。(2018·江蘇徐州) Donnie Darko is a fantastic film. It's a dark comedy, which is sometimes funny and sometimes frightening.The film 53 (set) in an American town. One night, Donnie Darko, who is a teenager, meets a frightening man 54 (dress) as a rabbit. When a plane crashes into Donnie's house, the man saves his life and then tells him that his enemies plan 55 (end) the world in 26 days. The film is about the next 26 days. It's a teenage love story, a thriller, a science fiction film, and a comedy, all in one film.Donnie Darko was written and directed by Richard Kelly, who 56 (be) only 25 when he made it. It 57 (win) plenty of film awards so far, but no Oscars. The music is really good, and it 58 (include) 1980s pop songs. Watch this film now and see what you think of it.體裁應用文話題電影簡介詞數145【主旨大意】本文是一篇應用文。簡介死亡幻覺這部科幻懸疑電影。該片講述了少年東尼在一個帶著詭異面具的巨兔引導下，為了阻止宇宙走向毀滅而孤軍奮戰(zhàn)的故事 。53.is set 54. dressed 55. to end 56 was 57. has won 58. includes (2018·貴州遵義) Whose job is it to check your homework?I dont think its my parents job to check my homework. Since we have already grown up, we cannot act like little 61 (baby) and depend on our parents all the time. We must learn to be 62 (independence). I remember when I was in Grade Three, my parents 63 (ask) me to check my homework by myself. I didnt know what to do at that time, so I only cried. But after that, I got used to 64 (check) my own homework in my studies.Checking homework by ourselves is 65 good habit. It can help us find mistakes in exams more 66 (easy), it can also save the teachers a lot of time 67 they check our homework, and it can also let our parents worry 68 (little) about our studies.Some day in the future, Mom and Dad 69 (leave) us. So we should start to learn to do everything by 70 (we) and really understand how important independence is.【主旨大意】本文是議論文。本文主要討論了檢查家庭作業(yè)是誰的職責這一問題，通過這一問題的討論，表明了作者的觀點：孩子應該通過自查家庭作業(yè)學會獨立。61. babies 62. independent 63. asked 64. checking 65. a 66. easily 67. when 68. less 69. will leave 70. ourselves 61. babies【解析】通過上問中的句子“Since we have already grown up, ”，判斷本句的意思是我們不能像小孩一樣總是依靠我們的父母了。62. independent【解析】考查名詞變形容詞。根據前面的句子learn to be判斷選擇形容詞。63. asked【解析】考查動詞過去式。根據前面的句子“I remember when I was in Grade Three,”判斷本句是一般過去時態(tài)，所以選擇ask的過去式：asked。64. checking【解析】固定結構be/get used to，意為“習慣于”，后接名詞或動名詞形式。故答案是checking。65. a【解析】考查冠詞的填寫。根據文中句子發(fā)現(xiàn)缺少不定冠詞，根據good選擇不定冠詞a。66. easily【解析】考查副詞的比較級。句意：檢查作業(yè)能幫我們更容易地發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤。本題考查副詞修飾行為動詞。表示“容易地”，應用easily。67. when【解析】考查連詞when。結合前后句發(fā)現(xiàn)缺乏一個連詞：當.的時候，故填when .68. less【解析】對照It can help us find mistakes in exams more 66 (easy), 可知此句句意是：而且它也能讓我們的父母親少擔心我們的學習。表示“更少地”，應用little的比較級less。69. will leave【解析】考查一般將來時態(tài)。根據前面的時間狀語“Some day in the future”判斷句義為：將來某一天，父母會離開我們。70. ourselves【解析】考查反身代詞。句義為：我們應該開始學會靠我們自己做一切事情。本題考查固定短語by oneself，意為“獨自”，此題故填our的反身代詞ourselves。五、（2018廣西玉林）語法填空（每小題1分，共10分） 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。 Lets share this article about the importance of family in our life. As soon as the man goes into the world, the first persons he meets are his family 66 (member). The first person is the mother who has great pain to bring him to his 67 (beauty) world. Then is his father who is always there to look 68 him. Then come the brothers and sisters. Family is the first place for a person 69 (learn) things in this world. He learns everything from his family from baby time till old age. He sees his family walking and then he tries to follow them. He sees his family talking and then he tries to repeat the words. He also 70 (slow) learns the basic communication among the people in the family. He learns how to love, 71 to do, when to go bed, and how to get on with others well. This develops a kind of love among all family. The family works like a chain. You know, kids know 72 （little）than other people, so they should learn from elders while elders depend on 73 (they) kids for a lot of things. When kids grow up, get married, have children, the circle repeats again. Your family always come to your help when you are in trouble. They always supported you in different ways 74 it is on money or just on spirit. You can always share your problems with the family, and you always find a better way to solve your problems after 75 （discuss）them in the house. Considering all these things, we can say family is one of the greatest gifts that God sends us. 66. _ 67. _ 68. _ 69. _ 70. _ 71. _ 72. _ 73. _ 74. _ 75. _ 體裁夾敘夾議話題家庭與家人詞數 276【主旨大意】本文敘議結合，講述了家人和家庭的在我們的一生中的重要性。從這個人一出生就與父母兄弟姐妹接觸，在家庭中學習、成長，然后結婚生子女，在不同的情況下相互扶持。就像一個鏈條，如此延續(xù)下去。我們可以說，家庭是賦予我們的最偉大的禮物之一。66. members 這個人遇到的第一批人就是他的家庭成員。此處的名詞應該用復數。67. beautiful 修飾名詞world，應該用形容詞形式beautiful。68. after 然后是總是細心照顧他的父親。look after意為“照顧；照料”。69. to learn 家庭是一個人學習世界上事物的第一個地方。此處是動詞不定式作后置定語修飾名詞place。70. slowly 修飾動詞learns的應該用副詞，形容詞slow的副詞形式是slowly。71. what 此處是疑問詞與動詞不定式to do連用，構成動詞不定式短語；此處疑問詞在句中做do的賓語，故用what，表示“做什么”。72. less 由空格后的than可知，此處應該用little的比較級less。73. their 修飾名詞kids的應該用形容詞性物主代詞。74. whether whether.or.為固定短語，意為“不管還是” 。75. discussing after在這里是介詞，其后的動詞應該用-ing形式。(2018·浙江杭州)第二節(jié)：（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容（1個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫在答題紙的相應位置。Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention.First, came the invention of writing, 51 (probable) about 5500 year ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never 52 (see) and share their knowledge with future generations.Later, the Greeks were well-done for their literature(文學) and science, but their “books” looked very different 53 the books of today. They were called scrolls(卷軸). They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 54 (invent).For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in 55 thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very 56 (use) Chinese invention: paper.But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books 57 were produced on a printing press.These days it is difficult 58 (imagine) a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more 59 (story) are bought as e-books and read on a screen.Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, 60 will books, like scrolls, soon disappear?【解題思路】51. probably 考查副詞。“大概 5500 年以前”是句子的時間狀語，故填 probably。句意：首先來說一下寫作的由來，大概在 5500 年以前。52. saw 考查時態(tài)。此處的 saw 是定語從句中的謂語動詞，考慮時態(tài)，根據主句中的 could 判斷從句用一般過去時，故填 saw。句意：他們能夠與他們從來沒有見過的人們交流，和子孫后代們分享他們的知識。53. from/to/than 考查介詞。be different from/to/than 表示“與不同”。句意：后來，希臘人因他們的文學和科學而著名，但是他們的“書籍”看起來和現(xiàn)在的書籍非常不同。54. were invented 考查被動語態(tài)。書和發(fā)明之間是被動關系，books 是復數，故填 were invented。句意：大約 2000 年以前，有很多書頁的書被發(fā)明了。55. the 考查冠詞。in the+序數詞+century 表示“在第幾世紀”，序數詞前用定冠詞 the。句意：書頁由獸皮制作的那種現(xiàn)象在 13 世紀發(fā)生改變。56. useful 考查形容詞。invention 是名詞，發(fā)明，形容詞修飾名詞，故填 useful。句意：當歐洲人了解到中國一個非常有用的發(fā)明紙的時候。57. that/which 考查定語從句。定語從句的先行詞是物：the books，故關系詞用 that 或 which。句意：更多的人能夠負擔得起通過印刷機生產的書。58. to imagine 考查不定式。It is difficult to do sth. 做某事是困難的。it是形式主語，句子的真正主語是 to imagine a world without books。句意：很難想象現(xiàn)在一個沒有書的世界（是什么樣子的）。59. stories 考查名詞。story 是可數名詞，more 是 many 的比較級，故 story 變成復數形式stories。句意：每年都有更多的故事作為電子書被購買并在屏幕上被閱讀。60. or 考查連詞。前后兩句話表示的是兩種假設，故應填表示選擇的連詞or。句意：將來有人會翻開傳統(tǒng)書籍的書頁嗎？或者書, 比如卷軸，很快就會消失嗎？四、(2018·山東聊城)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分) 閱讀下面短文，在空白處按要求填入適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。每空1個個單詞。 Many children love animals. And Willow Phelps is one of 61 (they). In fact, this American little girl not only loves animals, but she also has done really a lot for them. And 62 (連詞) she did these kind things, she won the 2016 ASPCA (美國防止虐待動物協(xié)會)Kid of the Year. Willows 63 (love) for animals started early. When she was about 3 years old, her family took in 64 (冠詞) 18-year-old cat. Under the care of Willow, the cat lived for another 3 years. After that, many old pets arrived in Willow's home. So, Willow began to make plans to help more 65 (animal). With her mums help, Willow began running, swimming and even sewing (縫制) toys to_ 66 (raise) money for animals in need of help. In her young life, she has 67 (successful) completed the three projects. Finally, she raised $11 ,000. She also succeeded in 68 (stop) the use of live goldfish as prizes at her school party. And what she did for goldfish was_ 69 (notice) and rewarded (獎勵) by the ASPCA. “I will continue to speak up for animals no matter how hard it is,” said Willow. Willow dreams of becoming an animal doctor 70 (介詞) the future. Let's hope this little girl's dream will come true.體裁記敘文話題興趣與愛好詞數238【主旨大意】本文介紹了一名熱愛動物、并為保護動物而做出許多感動人的事情的美國女孩的故事。61. them 此空指代前句中的children，介詞of后跟人稱代詞賓格them。62. because 后句是獲得的獎項，前句應該指獲獎的原因。63. love 此空放在名詞所有格Willows后面，應用名詞形式。64. an 此空后面的形容詞18-year-old的第一個因素為元音音素，故用不定冠詞an。65. animals 根據前面more可知用名詞復數形式。66. raise 前面有to，此空應用動詞原形構成動詞不定式結構，表示目的。67. successfully 此空修飾動詞completed應用副詞形式。68. stopping succeed in doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“成功地做某事”，故用stopping。69. noticed 根據and后面的rewarded可知應用同樣的動詞過去分詞形式構成被動語態(tài)。70. in in the future為固定搭配，意為“將來”。五、(2018山東濰坊)詞匯應用（共12小題；每小題1分，滿分12分）閱讀下面的短文，用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空，必要時可加助動詞。I live in Pennsylvania. It is a 1 （north）state of America, which is the 33rd 2 （large）state in America. You might know some of the cities, like Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Allentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you a little more about my state.Several Indian tribes（部落）lived in Pennsylvania before 3 （Europe）came. The Dutch came first, 4 （follow）by Sweden. England started colonies（殖民地） later. After a few fights, they 5 （take）control of the land.Pennsylvania 6 （give）to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name. Pennsylvania was the 7 （two）to join the nation. The city of Philadelphia 8 （be）an important city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too！Today, Pennsylvania is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country. It is famous for snacks, like pretzels and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauces. There is also Hershey, which is well 9 （know）as the chocolate company.There are steel companies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are plenty of things 10 （do） in Pennsylvania. There are several major sports teams. Pennsylvania has 121 state parks, and they all have free 11 （enter）. Hunting is popular here, too.體裁說明文話題地點介紹詞數256Are you thinking about 12 （visit）the state？【主旨大意】本短文是一篇城市介紹，介紹了賓夕法尼亞州的概況。1. northern 【解析】句意：它是美國北部的一個州。在句中缺少形容詞本題中缺少形容詞 “北方的”，north變?yōu)閚orthern，修飾state.2. largest 【解析】句意：美國第三十三大州。表示三者以上用形容詞的最高級形式。本句結構是the +序數詞+形容詞最高級+可數名詞單數+in短語(第幾···)3. Europeans 【解析】句意：在歐洲人到來之前，有幾個印第安部落住在賓夕法尼亞。表示“歐洲人”用European，又結合句意，用復數形式，所以填寫Europeans。4. followed 【解析】句意：緊隨其后的是瑞典。根據上下文知，本句也用一般過去時，所以填過去式。5. took 【解析】句意：經過幾次戰(zhàn)斗，他們控制了這塊土地。由于講述的是歷史，發(fā)生在過去的事情，用一般過去時態(tài)，動詞用過去式，即took。6. was given 【解析】句意：賓夕法尼亞后來被授予Penn家族。主謂語存在被動關系，時間狀語提示用一般過去時態(tài)，故用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式。7. second/2nd 【解析】句意：賓夕法尼亞是第二個加入該國的國家。表示“第二個”用序數詞second。8. has been【解析】句意：自殖民地成立以來，費城一直是一個重要的城市?！皊ince the colony was founded.”知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，主語是費城，所以填寫has been。9. known【解析】句意：也有赫爾希，這是眾所周知的巧克力公司。短語be known as意為“被認為是，;以著稱”。10.to do【解析】句意：在賓夕法尼亞有很多事情要做。動詞不定式表示目的。11. entry/entrance【解析】句意：它們都有免費的入口。結合句子，此處應該填寫名詞表示“入口”，故填寫entry/entrance。12. visiting 【解析】句意：你在考慮訪問這個州嗎？介詞后加動名詞形式，即填寫visiting。(2018山東棗莊) 第二節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面材料，把答案寫在答題卡第卷46-55小題的橫線上，有的答案要填入適當的內容，有的答案要用括號內單詞的正確形式，但每個答案補多于3個單詞。You have 46 (probable) never heard of Amy Hayes, 47 she is a most unusual woman. She never throws away things we 48 (need) any more. She has always thought about how these things 49 (put) to good use. She thinks that nothing is a waste, The windows and doors of her house come from old building around her town 50 were pulled down. The top of 51 is an old boat 52 (turn) upside down. And the gate is made 53 rocks and old glass bottles. Amy isnt only one who is good at 54 (recycle). Jessica Wong used old clothes to make bags. She 55 (do) this for a few years. Her bags are cute and useful. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Amy Hayes的環(huán)保故事，像Amy一樣，Jessica Wong也用舊衣服來制作包包，重視環(huán)保。46. probably【解析】修飾動詞heard，用副詞probably。47. but【解析】前后表示關系，用but。48. dont need【解析】根據句意及后面的any more可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時的否定形式。49. can be put【解析】these things與put之間存在被動關系，根據句意可知，用情態(tài)的動詞的被動語態(tài)，故填can be put。50. that/ which【解析】building是先行詞，指物，關系代詞用that或which。 51. it/the house/her house【解析】根據前面提到的房子，故填it/the house/her house。52. turned【解析】過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾an old boat，和boat存在動賓關系。故填turned。53. of【解析】be made of“由制成”是固定短語。54. recycling【解析】be good at doing sth.表示“擅長做某事”。55. has been doing【解析】根據后面的this for a few years可知，用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。第三節(jié) (2018·四川樂山)完成短文和對話（ （共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分）A）(2018·四川樂山)閱讀下面短文，用括號內所給單詞的正確形式填空。A husband and wife were driving down a country road on their way to visit some friends. As they came to a muddy (泥濘的) part of the road, their car 81 (break) down.They tried to get the car out by themselves, but it didnt work. Then they saw a farmer 82 (come) down the road. He was driving some oxen (牛). He stopped when he saw the couple was in trouble. He said he would pull the car out of the mud for $20 (130 yuan). They agreed and minutes 83 (late) the car was free.The farmer turned to the husband and said, “You know, youre the 84 (ten) car Ive helped out of the mud today.”The husband looked around at the large land and asked the farmer, “When do you have time to plow (犁) all your 85 (field) ?At night?”“No,” the farmer answered, “I put the water in the hole at night!”體裁記敘文話題故事詞數179【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講敘了一對夫婦開車去鄉(xiāng)下拜訪一些朋友。在泥濘的鄉(xiāng)間小路上，他們的車陷入了泥潭里。接下來的事情出乎了他們的意外。81. broke 句意：當他們來到一段泥濘小路時，他們的車拋錨了。句中時間狀語從句用了一般過去時，主句也應用一般過去式，故答案為broke。82. coming 句意：然后他們看見一位農民走了過來。see sb doing sth意為“看見某人做某事”，故答案為coming。83. later 句意：他們同意了，幾分鐘后他們的車沒事了。Later用于一段時間之后表示“在之后”，故答案為later。84. tenth 句意：你知道，你是我今天幫助把車拖出泥潭的第十輛車。“第十輛車”應用序數詞，故答案為tenth。85. fields 句意：你什么時候有時間犁你所有的田呢？field是可數名詞，“你所有的田”應用all your fields，故答案為field。第一節(jié) 綜合填空(共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分) (2018四川宜賓) 閱讀下面短文，根據音標、單詞、首字母和語境提示。在每個空格內填入一個適當的單詞，要求意義準確、拼寫正確。 In China, you can travel to all corners of this big country by bus or train. Its surprising what China has done in the past ten 61. _(year) in terms of train travel it now has the 62. _(big) high-speed railway network in 63. _ world. The high-speed trains are great, and a 64. _/l / train journey in China is a great way to see the country. China is a huge, fascinating country with so much to see. 65. A_ a student, I love traveling 66. _ my parents, from big cities to seaside hot sports, to holy mountains, to national parks, to historical sites and to 67. _/sm:l/ villages far away. 68. _(get) out of your comfortable home here to some unknown places is a good experience as well. And you can eat local food, and 69. _(real) reach the heart of the country. I always love traveling outside of Yibin to see our 70. _(beauty) countryChina. 體裁說明文話題旅游與交通詞數164【主旨大意】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國經濟和交通運輸的快速發(fā)展為旅游提供的便利條件。同時介紹了作者對旅游的喜愛。61. years 62. biggest 63. the 64. long 65. As 66. with 67. small 68. Getting 69. really 70. beautiful 8