（江西專版）2019中考英語高分復習 第一篇 教材梳理篇 課時訓練14 Units 9-10（八下）習題

課時訓練(十四)　Units9— 10(八下) (限時:30分鐘) Ⅰ.單項填空 1.[2018·涼山]Manyforeignerscametoourschoollastweek,includingthree　　　　andfour　　　　.  A.German;American B.Germans;American C.Germans;Americans D.German;Americans 2.[2018·重慶A]　　　　visitorscametotakephotosofHongyadongduringthevacation.  A.Thousand B.Thousandof C.Thousands D.Thousandsof 3.Ihaveto　　　　myroom.Itisreallyinamess.  A.lookafter B.takein C.clearout D.walkinto 4.Itisourhopethatwecanliveina　　　　worldandsaygoodbyetowarforever.  A.similar B.peaceful C.familiar D.natural 5.—Excuseme,whenwillthetrainK307arrive? —Waitaminute,please.I’ll　　　　itforyou.  A.keep B.check C.read D.buy 6.[2018·孝感] —Howdoyoufeelaboutyourhometown? —It’sbeautiful,　　　　inwinter.  A.nearly B.deeply C.clearly D.especially 7.Heisa　　　　child.I’msurehewilltellusthe　　　　.  A.true;truthful B.truth;true C.truthful;truth D.true;true 8.—Yunnanisverybeautiful.I　　　　therelastyear.  —Yes,I　　　　theretwice.  A.went;havegone B.went;havebeen C.havegone;went D.havebeen;went Ⅱ.完形填空 (i)[2019·原創(chuàng)] 閱讀下面短文,從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。 　　Attention,boys!Doyouwanttogetstronger?　9　gorockclimbing!  　　JiangZhimingistheheadmasterofJingyuanMiddleSchoolinHangzhou,Zhejiang.Hebelievesthat　10　tend(趨向)tobeweakthesedays.In　11　mind,boysneedtotryrockclimbing.  　　“Rockclimbing　12　strength,speed,skill,courageandpersistence(毅力),” Jiangsaid. “Alltheseare　13　tohelpbuildastrongpersonality.”  　　Sostartingfromthisterm,JingyuanMiddleSchoolis　14　rockclimbing.Studentscan　15　twiceamonthduringtheirPEclasses.Theycan　16　choosetotakeextrarockclimbingclassestwiceaweekorjoinarockclimbingclubtolearnmore.  　　ZhangChao,theschool’srockclimbingcoach,saidhewasn’tsure　17　kidswouldenjoythesport.Butinafewweeks,Zhangwas　18　toseethatrockclimbinghadwonthestudents’heartsandmotivated(激勵)themtoexercisemore. “Manycanonlyclimboneortwometers.Buttheyarethirstyforreachingthetop,　19　they’vebeenworkingveryhard,” hesaid.  　　ZhongRuinan,12,isoneofthosestudents. “WhenIfirstclimbed,Ifeltexhausted(筋疲力盡的)halfway.Myarmswere　20　andIalmostlostmybreath.ButIdidn’t　21　andnowI’mmuchbetter,” hesaid.  　　Someboyshavealreadybenefited(受益于)fromtheclasses.ZhuZiheng,14,usedto　22　heights. “Icouldn’t　23　climbinga9-meter-highwall.ButnowIcanclimbtothetopofthewallinjustsixseconds,” hesaid.  9.A.Really B.Only C.Then D.Even 10.A.girls B.boys C.children D.teachers 11.A.his B.her C.my D.your 12.A.uses B.produces C.lends D.requires 13.A.necessary B.modern C.lively D.special 14.A.protecting B.separating C.examing D.offering 15.A.putdown B.putoff C.tryout D.tryon 16.A.too B.also C.either D.neither 17.A.when B.why C.how D.if 18.A.upset B.happy C.bored D.afraid 19.A.but B.and C.so D.because 20.A.tired B.long C.strong D.bored 21.A.setup B.stayup C.putup D.giveup 22.A.beproudof B.beafraidof C.becarefulof D.betiredof 23.A.imagine B.wonder C.suppose D.plan (ii) 閱讀下面短文,用方框中所給詞的適當形式填空。 really,voice,activity,afford,magazine,when,courage,have,difficult,get SingerSpeaksOutAboutMentalHealth USsingerandactressDemiLovatohasapowerfulvoice.24.　　　　shesangthethemesongLetItGoforthemovieFrozen(《冰雪奇緣》),hervoicewasheardaroundtheworld.Butthe24-year-oldusesher25.　　　　inotherways,too.Sheishelpingpeoplewithmental(心理的)illness.  Becauseofthis,sheisonTime26.　　　　listofthe100MostInfluential(有影響力的)Peoplethisyear.Themagazinesaid, “Her27.　　　　,honestyandwillingnesstouseherownexperiencestohelpothersarewhatmakesheratruestar.”  In2015,Lovatoworkedwithfivementalhealthorganizationsandstarteda(n)28.　　　　calledBeVocal:SpeakUpforMentalHealth.Itwants29.　　　　peopletospeakoutaboutmentalillnessandtheirstoriesaroundit.Also,shesetupascholarship(獎學金)tohelpthosewhocannot30.　　　　mentalhealthcare.  Infact,Lovatoherselfsuffersfrom(受病痛折磨)mentalillness.Sevenyearsago,she31.　　　　bipolardisorder(雙相型障礙).ButLovatodidn’thideitfromthepublic.Instead,shesharedherstorywithherfansduringherconcerts,eventhoughitwasreally32.　　　　inthebeginning.  “IknowthatifI’mtalkingaboutitalot,thenI33.　　　　havetowalkthewalk(說到做到),” shetoldTheHuffingtonPost.   Ⅲ.[2018·寧波改編] 閱讀理解 　　Inourculture,theabilitytomakeone’sowndecisionsisimportant.JohnF.Kennedy’squote(引語) “Toooftenweenjoythecomfortofopinionwithoutthediscomfortofthought.” showsanunpleasanttruth. 　　Muchofwhatweknowandbelievehasbeentaughttousbyothers,andweoftenacceptthisinformationwithourspendingmuchtimethinkingitoverforourselves. 　　Intoday’sworld,wearebeingpresentedwithinformation,ideasandbeliefs,butmanyofthemareagainsteachother.Psychology(心理學)tellsusthatifwehearanideaenoughtimes,orifitcomesfromsomeonewerespect(尊敬),wewillprobablybelievethatidea.Inthesecases,webaseouropinionsontheopinionsofothers.Ifeachofusdoesnotthinkaboutthisinformationforourselvesandcometoourownconclusions,wewillbecomenothingmorethanparrots(鸚鵡)quotingtheopinionsofothers. 　　ExamplesofspreadingfakenewswithoutthoughtcanbeseenontheInternet.Somepeoplebelievewhatevertheyreadandthensharethestorywithoutthinkingaboutthefacts.Allittakesisonequickclick(點擊)ofthe “share” button,andthestorytravelsonitswaytoinfluenceevenmoreunthinkingreaders.Thiscancauseseriousproblems. 　　Ifwejuststopforamomenttothinkaboutwhatwereadandhear,andformourownopinions,wewillbemorethoughtful,moreindependent,andmorecreativepeople,butfewtakethattime.Yetweneednotloseheartoverthisbadhabit.Infact,simplybecomingaware(意識到)ofitisthefirststeptowardscorrectingit.Oncewebecomeawarethatwetend(趨向)toholdopinionsandbeliefswithoutthinkingthemthrough,wecanchangethatpatternofbehavior.Hopefully,wecanlearntoexperienceandenjoythe “discomfortofthought” andformourownopinions. 34.What’sthepurposeofthispassage? A.TodescribehowInternetnewsspreads. B.Toexplainwhypeopledon’thavetheirownopinions. C.Totellpeoplethattheyshouldhavetheirownthoughts. D.Towarnpeoplenottobelieveotherpeople’sideas. 35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “fake” inParagraph3probablymean? A.Untrue. B.Unhappy. C.Unfair. D.Unusual. 36.Howcanwehaveourownopinionsaccordingtothepassage? A.Byspreadingtheinformationwereceive. B.Bylearningmoreaboutpsychology. C.Byquotingothers’opinionslikeparrots. D.Bythinkingaboutwhatwereadandhear. 37.Whichpartofabookmaythepassagecomefrom? A.History. B.Education. C.Sports. D.Language. 參考答案 Ⅰ.1.C　考查名詞辨析。表示某國人的名詞單復數(shù)規(guī)則:中日不變,英法變,其余s加后面。German德國人,復數(shù)形式后面加s;American美國人,復數(shù)形式也是后面加s。故選C。 2.D　考查數(shù)詞辨析。hundred、thousand等數(shù)詞前有數(shù)詞修飾時用原形,其前若無數(shù)詞修飾,該詞變復數(shù)形式,其后接of,如:thousandsof表示“數(shù)千”的。故選D。 3.C　根據(jù)“Itisreallyinamess.”可知,此處表示要清理房間,故選C。 4.B　 5.B　根據(jù)“Waitaminute,please.”可知,此處指要查一下,故選B。 6.D　考查副詞辨析。A項意為“幾乎”;B項意為“深深地”;C項意為“清楚地”;D項“特別,尤其”?！啊　　　nwinter.” 是對“It’sbeautiful”的補充,此處應用表示更進一步關系的詞,D項符合題意。  7.C　前一空用形容詞作定語,后一空用名詞作賓語。true 意為“真實的”,為形容詞;truthful 意為“誠實的”,為形容詞;truth 意為“真相”,為名詞。故選C。 8.B　由時間狀語“l(fā)astyear”可知第一空用一般過去時; 第二空表示曾經(jīng)去過兩次,用現(xiàn)在完成時。 故選B。 Ⅱ.(i)[主旨大意] 本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了浙江一所中學為了讓男生們強壯身體,開設了攀巖課。攀巖能鍛煉孩子們的毅力。剛開始校長擔心學生們不喜歡,可是后來學生們堅持了下來。 9.C　考查副詞辨析。then意為“那么”,表示事情的進一步發(fā)展。此處承接上文。故選C。 10.B　11.A　12.D 13.A　考查形容詞辨析。necessary必要的;modern現(xiàn)代的;lively 活潑的,生動的;special獨特的。此處指上文所列出的幾項是必要的條件。故選A。 14.D 15.C　考查短語動詞辨析。putdown放下;putoff 推遲;tryout 實驗;tryon試穿。根據(jù)下文中的“…takeextrarockclimbingclassestwiceaweekorjoinarockclimbingclubtolearnmore.”可知,在體育課上學生們能一個月進行兩次攀巖。故選C。 16.B　考查副詞辨析。also意為“也”,用于肯定句中;too意為“也”,用于肯定句尾;either意為“也”,用于否定句尾;neither意為“也不”。本句為肯定句,且設空在中間,因此選B。 17.D　18.B　19.C　20.A　21.D 22.B　考查形容詞短語辨析。beproudof以……而驕傲;beafraidof害怕……;becarefulof 小心……;betiredof 厭倦……。根據(jù)下文信息“我現(xiàn)在6秒內(nèi)爬到頂端”可以推知,“我”不再和過去一樣恐高,表達過去的一種恐高的心理。故選B。 23.A　考查動詞辨析。imagine想象;wonder想知道;suppose 假設;plan 計劃。表示前后差異很大,是不能想象到的。故選A。 (ii)24.When　25.voice　26.magazine’s　27.courage28.activity　 29.toget　30.afford　31.had　32.difficult 33.really Ⅲ.[主旨大意] 本文是一篇議論文。短文表達了在現(xiàn)今社會中能有自己的看法、做出自己的決定是重要的。心理學家說,如果我們聽到某一觀點足夠多的次數(shù)后,或者此觀點是某個我們尊敬的人所說,我們或許會相信此觀點。不加思考地在網(wǎng)上傳播錯誤的消息的例子比比皆是。如果我們多花點時間思考一下我們所讀到、聽到的東西,并形成自己的觀點,我們就會成為一名更加有思維、更加獨立、更加有創(chuàng)造性的人。 34.C　主旨大意題。通讀短文及首段主題句“Inourculture,theabilitytomakeone’sowndecisionsisimportant.”和尾段的主題句“Hopefully,wecanlearntoexperienceandenjoythe‘discomfortofthought’ andformourownopinions.”可知,本文是想告訴人們應該有自己的思想。 35.A　詞義猜測題。由下文“Somepeoplebelievewhatevertheyreadandthensharethestorywithoutthinkingaboutthefacts.”可知,人們沒有對事實進行思考,就相信他們所讀的東西,并且將此東西進行分享,可推測出人們所讀到的消息應當是一些不真實的消息,因此fake應意為untrue。 36.D　推理判斷題。讀最后一段可知本段講述了我們應如何擁有自己的觀點。根據(jù)本段的主題句“Ifwejuststopforamomenttothinkaboutwhatwereadandhear,andformourownopinions,…”可知,只有我們對所讀到的東西進行思考時,我們才能夠有自己的觀點。故選D。 37.B　推理判斷題。通讀本文可知作者是想告訴人們不要不加思考地傳播一些消息,而是應對我們所聽到、讀到的東西進行思考,從而形成自己的觀點、看法。因此此文應是出自有關教育類的書籍。故選B。 6