高中英語必修一unit2知識梳理.doc

Unit 2 知識梳理(必修一)1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour的用法區(qū)別:voyage: 去國外或較遠地方的海上旅行 journey: 指較遠的從一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念 trip: (短途)旅行tour: 為了公務、娛樂或教育參觀多處名勝的旅行【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空1). It is tiring to take a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow.2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend4). We went on a guided _ round the castle2. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原來很熟悉，經(jīng)過一段時間的間隔或別的原因后又重新認出來(2)realize 強調(diào)在經(jīng)過一個過程后的了解(3)know 是延續(xù)性動詞，指互相間十分熟悉、十分了解(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room3. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regularfrequent經(jīng)常的，時間或間歇很短的發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)common 通常的、常發(fā)生的、廣泛使用或眾所周知的ordinary指種類普通且不能從其他中加以區(qū)別的，有時含貶義general一般性的，到處的；不限于領域、地區(qū)或應用regular平常的；慣例的；習慣性的、通常的或正常的【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空1). This is a _ problem2). He often makes _ errors of judgment3)Look at the trains _ schedule.4)The violinist gave a very _ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse5)As a _ rule I am home by six.4. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列舉事物時常放在所列舉事物與前面的名詞之間，且其后不用逗號，直接跟所列舉的事物，可與 like互換。它所列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等同于前面所提的事物的總和，否則就用 that is或 namely(2)for example 主要用于舉例說明，其前后多用符號隔開。其位置比較靈活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列舉的事物之前)。(3)that is 相當于 namely，它所列舉的事物的總量等于前面所提到的事物的總和。(4)and so on 對幾個事物進行列舉時，在說了其中的幾個以后，用.and so on進行概括，說明還有例子，但不一一列出了(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking, _， destroys many nutrients.(3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag.5. especially/ speciallyespecially意思是“尤其，特別”，表達事物的不尋?；蛱貏e重要specially 指為了某一目的，專門做某事【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空1). Our city is very beautiful, _ in spring. 我們城市很美麗，尤其在春天。2). He came here _ to ask you for help. 他是專程來這里向你求助的6. a number of / the number ofa number of意思是“若干；許多” 作主語時, 謂語用復數(shù)the number of意思是“的數(shù)目 作主語時, 謂語用單數(shù)”【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空1). Today _ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.2). _ books in the market are in English7. present n. 禮物adj. 在場的；目前的vt. 贈送at present=at the present time=now 目前，現(xiàn)在 be present at 出席；到場(反義： be absent from 缺席) present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送給某人All the people _ (出席晚會的)were her supporters1). 所有（那些）在場者一眼就看出那個錯誤._2). 這本書是哥哥贈送給我的_8. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事 be under the command of 由指揮,由控制be in command of 控制 be at ones command 聽任某人支配take command of 擔任指揮 have (a) good command of . 精通.特別提醒 command后接that從句時要用虛擬語氣(should)+V.原形練習 用適當?shù)慕樵~填空1). For the first time in years, she felt _ command of her life.2). The army is _the kings direct command.3). The police arrived and took command _ the situation9. request n.& v. 請求；要求重點用法request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事按某人的要求_ _ He requested me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _(write) a letter of recommendation. The passengers _(request) to show their passports擴展=聯(lián)想：像command一樣，其后的名詞性從句的謂語用“(should)+ 動詞原形”的常用詞有：一個“堅持(insist)”；兩個“命令(order，command)”；三個“建議(suggest，advise，propose)”；四個“要求(demand，ask，require，request)”10.recognize vt. 辨認出；承認；公認recognizeby sth 認出或識別某人/某事物 recognizeas sth 承認某人/某事物是recognizeto be承認是 recognize +賓語從句 意識到；承認be recognized as 被公認為/承認是.I recognize him_. (他是個聰明人).Though they hadnt met for many years，they _ (認出了對方)at the first sight.1). 人們都承認他是他們理所當然的領袖。_2). 我認出他是我朋友的哥哥。_11. straight adj.筆直的；正直的 adv. 直接；挺直常見形容詞與副詞同形且意思一樣的詞快的_ 晚的_ 努力的_ 早的_ 近的_遠的_ 高的_ 寬的_她中學一畢業(yè)就馬上進了大學_這是一條直路_12. block vt. 堵塞；阻礙n. 街區(qū)；木塊；石塊a block of 一大塊 block out 堵住 block off 封鎖；封閉 block up 堵塞；阻礙1). 他們在繞樓群散步_2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往蘇格蘭的道路_13.native adj. 本地的，出生地的；天賦的 n. 本地人；出生于某國的人be native to.原產(chǎn)于某地ones native country/land本國，祖國 native place出生地ones native language本國語，母語 be a native of當?shù)厝?產(chǎn)于的動/植物(1)China is our _， and Chinese is our _.中國是我們的祖國，漢語是我們的母語。(2)The tiger _ India. 這種虎產(chǎn)于印度。(3)He is _ Beijing. 他是北京人14.come up走近；上來；提出; (月亮,太陽)升起(不及物動詞短語)這個問題在會議中被提出來了_come across邂逅 come about發(fā)生 come at向撲來,攻擊come out 出版;開花；結果是come up with想出 come along 進展,進步come round 繞道而來 come down落下,塌下練習 用come構成的詞組填空。1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _ him. 2). The magazine _ once a month.3). I wish you can _ to England on your holiday.4). The engineers has _ new ways of saving energy.5). They _ an old school friend in the street this morning15. because of 因為；由于because of 是復合介詞(近義短語:due to , thanks to , as a result of , owing to)because 是從屬連詞，引導原因狀語從句練習 He came late to school again _ he got up too late. The girl cried _ what the teacher said. we have to cancel our trip _ the bad weather16.base (1)vt.以.為根據(jù)/基礎 adj._ (基礎的,基本的) _ (以.為依據(jù)的)把建立在.的基礎上_ 建立在的基礎上_我們的意見應該以事實為根據(jù)_(2)基礎,基地在的底部_ 在.的基礎上_這個理論基于他十年的研究_17.latter adj.后半的;(兩者中)后者的, 與the連用作名詞the formerthe latter 前者.,后者.late adj.&adv. 遲的(地),晚的(地) later adj.&adv.后來的(地)lately adv.最近,近來(常用于完成時) latter adj.后者的 latest adj. 最近的,最新的(1)The splendid castle was built in the _ 1860s.(2)Do you prefer the former to the _, Jack?(3)I found my lost book and pen three days_(4)The beautiful girl was dressed in the _ Paris fashion.(5)Have you seen her_?(6)The _ news is that she married in her_ twenties.18.hold on 別掛斷,堅持住(=hang on)hold on to/onto sb./sth. 抓緊,不放開 hold 組成的短語:同意,贊成_ 阻擋,隱瞞,猶豫_ 堅持,伸出手_推遲_ 舉起,延遲_19.the same as / the same that.的區(qū)別:the same.as.: as所指的事物與前面所提的事物是同類中的另一個事物the same.that. that所指的事物與前面所提的事物是同一個事物這與我丟的那支鋼筆一樣_這就是我丟的那支鋼筆_Today I use the same book_ was used yesterday.He bought the same book_ I had.20.make use of 利用,使用(=take advantage of )充分利用_ _ _The use you _ time is really practical. A.make B.take C.make of D.take of答案：1 .1)journey 2)voyage 3)trip 4)tour2.(1)realize (2)known (3)recognized3.(1)common 2)frequent 3)regular 4)ordinary 5)general4.1)this is 2)for example 3)such as 4)and so on5.1)especially 2)specially6.1) the number of 2) A number of7.who were present at the partyMy brother presented me with the book8.1) in 2)under 3)of9.at ones request , at the request of sb, by resquest of sb1) to write 2)write 3)are requested10.1) as a clever person 2)recognized 翻譯：1）He is recognized to their natural leader.2)I recognized him as my friends brother.11.fast , late , hard , early, close, far, high, wide翻譯：1）She went straight from school to university.2)This is a straight way12.1)They are taking a walk around the block.2)The heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.13.1)native country native language 2)is native to 3)a native of14.The problem came up in the meeting.1)comes at 2)come out 3)come over 4)come up with 5)came across15.1)because 2)because of 3)because of 16.(1)adj. basic based , base.on/upon , be based on/upon翻譯：We should base our opinions on facts.(2)at the base of , on the base of 翻譯：The theory was on the base of his ten years research.17.1) late 2)latter 3)later 4)latest 5)lately 6)latest late18.hold with , hold back , hold out , hold off, hold up19.This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.that, as 20.make good use of , make the best of , make full use of , make the most of C