高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解選練[打包10套]1.zip

高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解選練[打包10套]1.zip,打包10套,高考,英語,一輪,復(fù)習(xí),閱讀,理解,打包,10 1 浙江武義縣 2017 高考英語一輪閱讀理解技能訓(xùn)練題 閱讀下列四篇短文 從每小題后所給的 A B C 或 D 四個選項中 選出最佳選項 Plants can t communicate by moving or making sounds as most animals do Instead plants produce volatile compounds chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas A flower s sweet smell for example comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants A tree under attack by hungry insects for instance may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack In response the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away or even chemicals that attract the bugs natural enemies Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying a chemical sensor 傳感器 called an electronic nose The e nose can tell compounds that crop plants make when they re attacked Scientists say the e nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants The research team worked with an e nose that recognizes volatile compounds Inside the device 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions the e nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software To test the nose the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber pepper and tomato plants all common greenhouse crops Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop These plants had been damaged by insects or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch 打孔器 The e nose it turns out could identify healthy cucumber peper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged But even more impressive the device could tell which type of damage by insects or with a hole punch had been done to the tomato leaves 2 With some fine tuning a device like the e nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs the researchers say A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat says Natalia Dudareva a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette Ind who studies smells of flowers and plants Hopefully scientists believe the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future 1 We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by A making some sounds B waving their leaves C producing some chemicals D sending out electronic signals 2 What did the scientists do to find out if the e nose worked A They presented it with all common crops B They fixed 13 sensors inside the device C They collected different damaged leaves D They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves 3 According to the writer the most amazing thing about the e nose is that it can A pick out ripe fruits B spot the insects quickly C distinguish different damages to the leaves D recognize unhealthy tomato leaves 4 We can infer from the last paragraph that the e nose A is unable to tell the smell of flowers B is not yet used in greenhouses C is designed by scientists at Purdue D is helpful in killing harmful insects 參考答案 1 4 CDCB 3 閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文 從每題所給的四個選項 A B C 和 D 中 選出最佳選項 Alzheimer s disease affects millions of people around the world American researchers say the disease will affect more than one hundred million people worldwide by the year twenty fifty That would be four times the current number Researchers and doctors have been studying Alzheimer s patients for a century Yet the cause and cure for the mental sickness are still unknown However some researchers have made important steps towards understanding it Several early signs of the disease involve memory and thought processes At first patients have trouble remembering little things Later they have trouble remembering more important things such as the names of their children There are also some physical tests that might show who is at risk of developing Alzheimer s disease The tests look for proteins in brain and spinal cord fluid The proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease The protein tests correctly identify the presence of the disease in about ninety percent of patients Now a much simpler physical test to predict Alzheimer s risk has been developed Researchers found that trouble with the sense of smell can be one of the first signs of Alzheimer s Using this information they developed a test in which people were asked to identify twelve familiar smells These smells included cinnamon black pepper chocolate paint thinner and smoke The study continued for five years During this period the same people were asked to take several tests measuring their memory and thought abilities Fifty percent of those who could not identify at least four of the smells in the first test had trouble with their memory and thinking in the next five years Another study has shown a possible way to reduce a person s chances of developing Alzheimer s disease in old age Researchers in Chicago found that people who use their brains more often are less likely to develop Alzheimer s disease Those who read a newspaper or play chess or word games are about three times less likely to develop the condition Researchers say they still do not know what causes Alzheimer s disease But they say 4 these findings might help prevent the disease in the future 6 What s the main idea of the passage A Some early signs of the Alzheimer s disease B Some physical tests about Alzheimer s disease C The research about Alzheimer s disease D The patients of Alzheimer s disease 7 What s the current number of Alzheimer s patients A 100 million B 25 million C 400 million D 2050 million 8 What is NOT the early signs of the Alzheimer s disease according to the passage A Poor memory B Proteins exist in the brain C Trouble with the sense of smell D Less use of the brain 9 What does the underlined word it in paragraph 1 refer to A Alzheimer s disease B Alzheimer s patients C The cause and cure D The research 10 According to the passage we can learn that A there are no proteins in the brains of the people with no Alzheimer s disease B the people who often use their brains will not get Alzheimer s disease C researchers and doctors have found ways to cure Alzheimer s disease D the people who have the trouble with the sense of smell will certainly suffer from Alzheimer s disease 全解全析 本文主要講述對老人癡呆癥的研究 C 主旨大意題 根據(jù)全文所討論的內(nèi)容得知 選項 A B D 選項在文章中有討論過 但不全面 B 細節(jié)理解題 由第一段第二 第三行可知 到 2050 年老人癡呆癥病人的人數(shù)會達到 100 million 也就是 現(xiàn)在的 4 倍 現(xiàn)在的人數(shù)就是 25 million D 細節(jié)理解題 A B C 都是老人癡呆癥的早期特征 D 項指少用腦只會更容易得老人癡呆癥 而不是它 的早期特征 A 詞義猜測題 根據(jù)上文和此句的意義可知答案 A 推理判斷題 由第三段 The proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease 可推斷 出答案 5 閱讀下列短文 從每題所給的四個選項 A B C 和 D 中 選出最佳選項 Slang is a popular less official and often very current form of language It is an important part of a living language and is constantly changing as language changes Slang is often playful direct and sometimes less respectful than the more official and traditional version of language So now I m going to lay it on you To lay it on is American slang for to tell or to explain Slang can take many forms For example slang can be local to one city or area In Washington D C there is a whole set of slang to describe politics and business in the city For example the term POTUS stands for President of the United States POTUS can often be found with his wife FLOTUS the first lady of the United States Inside the Beltway is a popular expression that describes the area of Washington D C The beltway is the large highway that circles the city The Internet has helped create a whole new kind of computer related slang An angry fruit salad is an expression that describes a Web site with too many bright colors Netiquette is slang for correct behavior when using the Internet Young people often develop the latest slang For example to say Special English rocks or is phat means Special English is really great A kegger is a party where beer is served If something is wack it is wild and crazy Different professions often have their own slang as well For example medical workers might refer to a complaining patient as a gomer A tough stick is someone whose veins are difficult to find when he or she needs to have blood taken No matter how well you speak English there are always new and interesting slang words to discover There are entire dictionaries for describing slang Many experts do not even agree on what is and what is not slang Often slang words later become a part of officially accepted language Official or not slang is an energetic and exciting part of the American language that continues to change 11 Which of the following is NOT true for slang compared with the official language A Playful B Direct C Less respectful D More official 12 It can be inferred from the passage that A if you speak English very well there is no problem for you to understand English 6 speakers B slang words are created by people in their daily life C English speakers are clear whether it is a slang D slang words will never be accepted as official language 13 Which of the following is not mentioned to have helped create slang A The internet B Young people C President of the United States D Professions 14 Where do you think is the passage adapted from A A radio speech B A magazine C A textbook D A newspaper 15 Which of the following can be the best title of this passage A What is slang B Slang is popular C Who creates slang D Slang is a language 全解全析 本文主要介紹了美國俚語的一些情況 D 細節(jié)理解題 由文中第一段可知答案 B 推理判斷題 文中提到俚語產(chǎn)生有地區(qū)性 各行各業(yè) 各階層中 由此可知答案 C 細節(jié)理解題 由第二段可知 有代表美國總統(tǒng)的俚語 而不是美國總統(tǒng)創(chuàng)造俚語 A 推理判斷題 從文章第一段最后一句可知答案 A 主旨大意題 B C D 都只是文章所涉及的部分內(nèi)容 A 概括較全面 閱讀下列短文 從每題所給的四個選項 A B C 和 D 中 選出最佳選項 2013 廣東省廣州市調(diào)研測試 Imagine putting a seed in a freezer waiting 30 000 years and then taking the seed out and planting it Do you think a flower would grow Amazingly scientists have just managed to do something very similar They found the fruit of an ancient plant that had been frozen underground in Siberia a region covering central and eastern Russia for about 31 800 years Using pieces of the fruit the scientists grew plants in a lab The new blooms have delicate white petals They are also the oldest flowering plants that researchers have ever revived from a deep freeze 7 This is like regenerating a dinosaur from tissues of an ancient egg said University of California Los Angeles biologist Jane Shen Miller The plant has a long history Back when mammoths and woolly rhinoceroses walked the land an Arctic ground squirrel buried seeds and fruits in an underground chamber near the Kolyma River in northeastern Siberia The ground became permafrost a layer of soil that stays frozen for a long time Recently Russian scientists dug out the old squirrel hole and found the plant remains 38 meters below the surface Back at the lab the team fed nutrients to tissue from three of the fruits to grow shoots Then the scientists transferred the shoots to pots filled with soil The plants produced seeds that could be used to grow even more of them It s important for scientists to know that plant tissues can still be revived after being frozen for a long time That s because many researchers are trying to preserve the seeds of modern plants by freezing them and then storing them in giant lockers at various spots around the globe One such endeavor an underground facility in Norway is called the Svalbard Global Seed Vault It stores hundreds of thousands of frozen seeds If a plant ever goes extinct scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers No one knows how long they are able to live for but freezing is basically the format for many plant conservation attempts nowadays Shen Miller said It s a good thing that at least some plants are tough enough to survive the experience 31 How did the fruit originally get underground A It was placed there by an animal B It was trapped there during the ice age C It was planted there by ancient farmers D It was buried there after the earthquake 答案 A 解析 細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù) Back when mammoths and woolly rhinoceroses walked the land an Arctic ground squirrel buried seeds and fruits in an underground chamber near the Kolyma River in northeastern Siberia 可知最初的時候是有動物放在地下的 故選 A 32 Which of the following was NOT used to recreate the ancient plant A Modern nutrients B Parts of its fruit 8 C Its frozen seeds D Plant pots with soil 答案 C 解析 細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù) Russian scientists dug out the old squirrel hole and found the plant remains 38 meters below the surface Back at the lab the team fed nutrients to tissue from three of the fruits to grow shoots Then the scientists transferred the shoots to pots filled with soil 從果實的一部分取組織 然后給這些組織一定的營養(yǎng) 然后把嫩芽放在有土壤的盆里 就能再重新栽培出古代的植物 這里沒有提到凍了的種子 故選 C 33 Why are scientists interested in this discovery A It helps them learn how plant life has changed in the past 30 000 years B It can help guide future efforts to protect endangered plant life C It can provide directions for where to look for other ancient plants D It proves that all plant life can survive for thousands of years when frozen 答案 B 解析 細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù) That s because many researchers are trying to preserve the seeds of modern plants by freezing them and then storing them in giant lockers at various spots around the globe If a plant ever goes extinct scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers 有了這個重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于幫助我們未來去保護 頻臨滅絕的植物 故選 B 34 The underlined word they in the final paragraph refers to A plants B seeds C scientists D storage lockers 答案 B 解析 詞義猜測題 根據(jù) If a plant ever goes extinct scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers 及 able to live for 應(yīng)該指的是種 子能夠活多長 故選 B 35 The purpose of the passage is to A discuss a plant conservation effort B introduce some ancient plants C outline some causes of global warming D describe a scientific research project 答案 D 解析 作者意圖題 縱觀全文的內(nèi)容可知短文介紹了一個科研項目 故選 D 9