(全國(guó)通用版)2019高考英語(yǔ)三輪沖刺提分練 組合練 第4練 閱讀理解+完形填空+語(yǔ)法填空+短文改錯(cuò)
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1、 閱讀理解+完形填空+語(yǔ)法填空+短文改錯(cuò).閱讀理解Runnersneedtomove15percentfasteronatreadmill(跑步機(jī)) toburnthesamenumberofcaloriesasjoggingoutdoors,researchreveals.ResearchersfromMilanUniversityanalyzedthedifferencebetweenrunningoutdoorsandonatreadmillin15physicallyfitmaleswithanaverageageof21.Theparticipantscompletedasprint
2、(短距離快速跑) for30secondsfollowedby30secondsofrecoveryforatotalof15minutesbothoutdoorsandonatreadmill.Oxygenuseandexerciseintensity(強(qiáng)度) weremeasuredafterbothtypesofrunning.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalofAppliedPhysiology,NutritionandMetabolism.Resultsrevealedthatwhenonatreadmill,runnersusesignifi
3、cantlyloweramountsofoxygen,suggestinglesseffortisrequired.Therefore,runnersmustmove15percentfasteronatreadmilltoburnthesameamountofcaloriesasexercisingoutdoors,thestudystated.Thestudyauthorswrote,“A15percentincreaseinrunningspeedduringaperiodofstoppingandstartingofteninhighintensitytreadmilltraining
4、sessionisthebestpossiblesolutiontoreachingthesamephysiologicalresponsesasanoutdoortrainingsession.”Althoughthestudydidnotspeculate(推測(cè)) whytreadmillrunningappearstobeneedinglesseffortandenergy,previousresearchsuggeststhemovingbeltofatreadmillmovesjoggersforward,causingthemtomovefaster.Exercisingindoo
5、rsalsomeansgymgoersdonothavetodealwithsteephillsorwindresistance.MichaelSilverman,directorofrehabilitationandwellness(康復(fù)科) atNorthernWestchesterHospital,said,“Outdoors,youarechangingsurfacesconstantly,fightingthewind,andmakingquickandsuddenstartsandstops,whichallleadtoincreasedcaloricburn,”Shapemaga
6、zinereported.“Andwhilewedontrecommendrunninginextremetemperatures,itisworthnotingthatyourbodyburnsextracaloriestoregulateyourbodytemperature,”hesays.1Wherecanyoufindthespecificfindingsofthestudy?AInParagraph2.BInParagraph3.CInParagraph4.DInParagraph5.2Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?AItsparticipantswerea
7、ll21yearsold.BIttookoxygenuseandexerciseintensityintoconsideration.CItrevealedwhytreadmillrunningconsumeslesscalories.DMichaelisoneoftheresearchers.3Whydoesrunningonatreadmillseemeasieraccordingtothestudy?ATherunnersneedlessenergy.BTherunnerscanusuallygetenoughoxygen.CTheintensityofrunningonthetread
8、millismorestable.DThemovingbeltpushesjoggersforward.完形填空(2018山東濱州二模)IamsothankfulthatIhadtheopportunitytospreadalittleloveandkindnesstoday.Ihaddoctors4inatownthatsabout45minutesfromwhereIlived.Afterbothmyappointmentswere5,Istartedwalkingawayfromthebuildingand6anelderlywomanstandingatthegateanxiously
9、.I7myselfandaskedifshewaswaitingforsomeoneorsheneeded8.Asitturnedout,shewashaving9walkingthedistanceandhadaskedforawheelchairandastaffmemberto10herupbutnoonehadcomeyet.Virginiaheatwaskindtonoone,andIwas11forthisdearladyshealth.Iaskedherto12whileIwenttogetherwheelchairmyself.Irantothehelpdeskandasked
10、fora13toassisttheladyoutside.Thereceptionistaskedme,“Isthelady14?”Iwasupsetatthequestionandanswered,“Shesabitlarge,Isuppose,butiftransportingherisa(n) 15foryou,Iamwillingtodoitmyself.”Shelookedsortofshockedbymy16,butthewomanoutsideneededhelp,nomatterher17.ThehelpdeskwomanandIwalkedtotheendofthepassa
11、ge(走廊) tothenowseatedlady.Helpdeskperson18herhandtohelpthelady,butshesaid“No,Imfine.Iwanttograbontoher19help.”Shewastalkingaboutme.Ihelpedthewomanintothewheelchairbutfirstlockedthebrakessothatshewouldbe20.Aftershewasseated,shesoftly21meformyhelp.WhenIreturnedhome,whathappenedtometodaykeptgoingthroug
12、hmymindandremindedmehowmuchI22theopportunitytohelpthelady.Itgavemeasenseoffulfillmentanda23heart.4A.callsBordersCexaminationsDappointments5A.madeBdoneCarrangedDbooked6A.recognizedBknockedCnoticedDgreeted7A.excusedBhelpedCexpressedDadjusted8A.adviceBreferenceCtreatmentDassistance9A.pressureBtroubleCd
13、angerDfear10A.pickBgetCmakeDkeep11A.readyBresponsibleCthankfulDconcerned12A.helpBmoveCwaitDstand13A.wheelchairBcarCfriendDstranger14A.heavyBsickColdDweak15A.businessBmistakeCissueDchoice16A.wisdomBcommentCpersuasionDcalmness17A.shapeBageCcharacterDsize18A.gaveupBreachedoutCgaveoutDstuckto19A.withBby
14、CforDabout20A.strongerBsteadierCslowerDfaster21A.calledBbeggedCaskedDthanked22A.appreciatedBneededCexpectedDfound23A.enjoyableBfamiliarCpeacefulDneedy.語(yǔ)法填空(湖南三湘名校教育聯(lián)盟高三模擬)HutongisakindofancienttypicalcitystreetinBeijing.24.(surround) theForbiddenCity,manywerebuiltduringtheYuan,MingandQing25.(dynasty
15、)Inordertoestablishthestrongestpowerforemperors,theroyalfamilyplannedthecityandarrangedtheresidentialareas(住宅區(qū))TheForbiddenCity26.centeroftheBeijingcity,wastheroyalpalace.AttheendoftheQingdynasty,after27.(close) Chinacameundertheinfluencefromabroad,manyoldhutongslosttheirformerneat28.(arrange)Aftert
16、hefoundingofthePeoplesRepublicofChinain1949,theconditionsofhutong29.(improve)Butinrecentyears,thehousesinmanyhutongshavebeenpulleddownandthenreplaced30.modernbuildings.Andthehutongstodayarefadingintotheshadeforbothtourists31.localpeople.However,intheurbandistrictofBeijing,hutongsstilloccupyonethirdo
17、fthetotalarea,32.(provide) housingforhalfpopulation,somanyhutongs33.(survive) theseyears.Inthisrespect,weseeBeijingasanancientyetmoderncity.短文改錯(cuò)(2018山東濟(jì)南二模)ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandIgototheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.Afterwewentthere,wetalkedabouthowwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Th
18、enextday,wearrivedattherewithgiftswehadprepared,andwereceivedawarmlywelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewpicturewiththeolderkids,andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheyoungones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem,talkedandlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetohimandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechi
19、ldren.答案解析.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了在跑步機(jī)上跑步比在戶(hù)外跑步更省力,因此其健身效果不如在戶(hù)外跑步好。1B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干問(wèn)及你能在哪里找到這項(xiàng)研究的具體發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知,研究成果發(fā)表在加拿大的應(yīng)用生理學(xué)、營(yíng)養(yǎng)與代謝雜志上;而第三段后邊的內(nèi)容講述的正是這項(xiàng)研究的具體發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。2B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Oxygen use and exercise intensity(強(qiáng)度) were measured after both types of running.”可知,在這項(xiàng)研究中,氧氣使用量和運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度都被考慮在內(nèi)。故選B。3D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的
20、“running on a treadmill seem easier”定位到倒數(shù)第二段的“the moving belt of a treadmill moves joggers forward,causing them to move faster”,由此可知,跑步機(jī)的傳送帶帶動(dòng)慢跑者向前移動(dòng),從而使他們跑得更快、更省力。故選D。.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是作者在醫(yī)院幫助一位老人的故事。作者很感激有機(jī)會(huì)傳遞一點(diǎn)愛(ài)和善良。4Dcall電話(huà);order命令;examination檢查;appointment約定。根據(jù)“I had doctors in a town thats ab
21、out 45 minutes from where I lived.”可知,我在一個(gè)離我住的地方大約45分鐘車(chē)程的小鎮(zhèn)上預(yù)約了醫(yī)生。故選D。5Bmake制造;do做,完成;arrange安排;book預(yù)定。根據(jù)“After both my appointments were ,I started walking away from the building.”可知,在預(yù)約結(jié)束后,我開(kāi)始從大樓里走出來(lái)。故選B。6Crecognize認(rèn)識(shí);knock敲,碰擊;notice注意到;greet問(wèn)候。我開(kāi)始從大樓里走出來(lái),注意到一位老婦人焦急地站在門(mén)口。故選C。7Aexcuse原諒;help幫助;exp
22、ress表達(dá);adjust調(diào)整。根據(jù)“I myself and asked if she was waiting for someone or she needed .”可知,我說(shuō)打擾了,問(wèn)她是否在等人。故選A。8Dadvice建議;reference參考;treatment治療,對(duì)待;assistance幫助。我問(wèn)她是否在等人,或者她需要幫助。故選D。9B根據(jù)該空后的“.had asked for a wheelchair.”可知,她走這段路有困難,所以要求坐輪椅。故選B。10Apick sb.up接載某人。根據(jù)該空前的a staff member可知,老婦人要坐輪椅,所以還需要一名工作人員
23、來(lái)接她。11Dready準(zhǔn)備好的;responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的;thankful感謝的;concerned牽掛的。根據(jù)“Virginia heat was kind to no one,and I was for this dear ladys health.”可知,弗吉尼亞州的炎熱對(duì)任何人都不友好,我很擔(dān)心這位親愛(ài)的女士的健康。故選D。12Chelp幫助;move移動(dòng);wait等待;stand站立。根據(jù)“I asked her to while I went to get her wheelchair myself.”可知,我請(qǐng)她等著,我去給她要輪椅。故選C。13Awheelchair輪椅
24、;car小汽車(chē);friend朋友;stranger陌生人。根據(jù)“I ran to the help desk and asked for a to assist the lady outside.”可知,我跑到服務(wù)臺(tái),要了一個(gè)輪椅來(lái)幫助外面的女士。故選A。14Aheavy重的;sick生病的;old老的;weak虛弱的。根據(jù)常識(shí)以及作者的回答“Shes a bit large,I suppose,but if transporting her is a(n) for you,I am willing to do it myself.”可知,接待員問(wèn)的是“那位女士重嗎?”故選A。15Cbusin
25、ess生意;mistake錯(cuò)誤;issue問(wèn)題;choice選擇。根據(jù)下文的“I am willing to do it myself.”可知,作者說(shuō)的是:如果運(yùn)送她對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)問(wèn)題的話(huà),我愿意自己去做??芍xC。16Bwisdom智慧;comment評(píng)論;persuasion勸說(shuō);calmness冷靜。根據(jù)上文和常識(shí)可知,作者這樣說(shuō),讓對(duì)方感到很吃驚。故選B。17Dshape形狀;age年齡;character性格;size大小。根據(jù)上文可知,對(duì)方詢(xún)問(wèn)女士的體重,作者說(shuō)她體形有點(diǎn)大??芍颂幹杆捏w形大小。故選D。18Bgive up放棄; reach out伸出;give out分發(fā);st
26、ick to堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)“Help desk person her hand to help the lady,”可知,是伸手去幫助那位女士,故選B。19C根據(jù)“but she said No,Im fine.I want to grab on to her help.”可知,咨詢(xún)臺(tái)的人伸出手去幫助那位女士,但那位女士不想讓作者幫忙而是想抓住作者的手讓她幫忙。故選C。20Bstronger更強(qiáng)壯的; steadier更穩(wěn)定的;slower更慢的;faster更快的。根據(jù)“I helped the woman into the wheelchair but first locked the bra
27、kes so that she would be .”可知,我?guī)椭俏慌孔狭溯喴?,但首先鎖住了剎車(chē),這樣她就能更穩(wěn)當(dāng)了。故選B。21Dcall打電話(huà);beg祈求;ask問(wèn);thank感謝。根據(jù)“After she was seated,she softly me for my help.”可知,在她坐好后,她溫柔地感謝我的幫助。故選D。22Aappreciate欣賞,感激;need需要;expect期盼;find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文的描述可知,此處表示作者感激有機(jī)會(huì)幫助這位女士。故選A。23Cenjoyable快樂(lè)的;familiar 熟悉的;peaceful和平的,平靜的;needy貧窮的。根
28、據(jù)“It gave me a sense of fulfillment and a heart.”可知,它給了我一種成就感和一顆平靜的心。故選C。.24Surrounding考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。many和surround之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。25dynasties考查名詞的用法。根據(jù)句意可知,此處指元、明、清三個(gè)朝代,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。26the考查冠詞的用法。此處特指“北京市的中心”,故用定冠詞the。27closed考查形容詞作定語(yǔ)。此處是說(shuō)封閉的中國(guó)受到外國(guó)的影響。修飾名詞China,所以要用其形容詞形式closed。28arrangement考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知
29、,此處缺少賓語(yǔ),所以填其名詞形式arrangement。29wereimproved考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的in 1949可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí);此處意為:胡同的狀況得到了改善。故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。30by考查介詞的用法。be replaced by被所取代,故用介詞by。31and考查連詞的用法。此處是both.and.結(jié)構(gòu),表示并列關(guān)系。32providing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。hutongs與provide之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。33havesurvived考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為:這些年,很多胡同已經(jīng)幸存下來(lái)了。根據(jù)該空后的these years可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
30、.ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandItotheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.wewentthere,wetalkedaboutwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday,wearrivedat therewithgiftswehadprepared,andwereceivedawelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewwiththeolderkids,andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem,andlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetoandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren.9
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