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1、妙記9 彰顯水平的特殊句式(強調(diào)、倒裝和省略)特殊句式是英語中的高級表達,其中,強調(diào)、倒裝句型和省略是最為常見的特殊句式,它們的準確使用能夠彰顯考生的英語水平,提高寫作檔次。一、重點突出的強調(diào)句型強調(diào)句型可強調(diào)除謂語動詞和表語外的其他任何成分,如主語、賓語、狀語等。強調(diào)句型的靈活運用不僅有助于增強表達效果,突出要強調(diào)的重點,更能彰顯考生對英語表達的把握能力。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:It is/was被強調(diào)部分that/who句子其他部分。It was because of their help that a disaster was avoided.(2017浙江高考讀后續(xù)寫)正是由于他們的幫助,才避免
2、了一場災難。It is not only your enthusiasm but also your teamwork and good spirits that impress us.(2016天津高考書面表達)不僅是你們的熱情,而且你們的團隊合作和良好的精神狀態(tài)給我們留下了深刻的印象。在寫作中,我們可以通過使用強調(diào)句型將句子提高到一個新的檔次。1It is/was被強調(diào)部分that/who句子其他部分It is because its a good chance for you to learn the natural knowledge of China and make new fri
3、ends that we really wish you can join us.(2017浙江高考應用文寫作)這是因為它是你學習中國的自然知識和結(jié)交新朋友的好機會,我們真的希望你能加入我們。2Is/Was it被強調(diào)部分that/who句子其他部分?Was it in that park that the children saw the strange green objects?正是在那個公園里孩子們看見了那些奇怪的綠色物體嗎?3特殊疑問詞is/was it被強調(diào)部分that/who句子其他部分?When was it that you made up your mind to work
4、 as a volunteer teacher?是什么時候你下定決心要當一名志愿者老師的?4It is/was not until . that .“直到才”It was not until he got home 30 minutes later that he found he had left his bag in the taxi.直到到家三十分鐘后他才發(fā)現(xiàn)他的包落在出租車里了。5強調(diào)謂語時,用助動詞do/does/didWe did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the coming future.(2015北京高
5、考滿分作文)我們確實希望今后有更多有意義的活動。即時演練用強調(diào)句型進行句型轉(zhuǎn)換1By the way, I hope that you can help me improve my English writing ability, especially the proper use of vocabulary and some important grammar.(強調(diào)謂語) _By_the_way,_I_do_hope_that_you_can_help_me_improve_my_English_writing_ability,_especially_the_proper_use_of_v
6、ocabulary_and_some_important_grammar.(2015四川高考書面表達)2The teachers praise contributes to my success.(強調(diào)主語)It_is_the_teachers_praise_that_contributes_to_my_success.(2015湖南高考滿分作文) 3We spend the time and energy on the present that makes it valuable rather than the money we pay.(強調(diào)賓語)It_is_the_time_and_en
7、ergy_we_spend_on_the_present_that_makes_it_valuable_rather_than_the_money_we_pay.(2014重慶高考滿分作文)二、平衡句子的倒裝句型在寫作中,倒裝句型應用比較廣泛,涉及的句型主要包括部分倒裝和全部倒裝。1“only狀語”置于句首時,句子用部分倒裝。Only in this way can we students study happily and effectively.(2015湖南高考滿分作文)只有用這種方式,我們學生才能愉快、有效地學習。2none, neither, nor, not, never, har
8、dly, little, seldom等否定詞,以及表示否定意義的介詞短語如at no time, by no means等置于句首時,句子用部分倒裝。Hardly/No sooner had we arrived at the activity center when/than we signed up to participate in the Walking Contest.我們一到達活動中心就報名參加健步走比賽。3在so/such . that .結(jié)構(gòu)中,當so/such .位于句首時,其后的句子用部分倒裝。So carelessly did he drive that he almo
9、st killed himself.他開車如此粗心,以至于差點把自己害死了。4as/though“盡管”Try as she might, Mary couldnt get the door open.無論瑪麗怎樣努力,她就是打不開門。5Were/Should/Had .“如果”Were I two years younger, I would do something.如果我年輕兩歲,我可能會采取某種行動。Looking back, I feel I wouldnt be able to ride a bike had I lost heart.(2014福建高考書面表達)回顧以往,我感覺如
10、果我失去了信心就學不會騎自行車。6here, there, now, then, out, in, around, up, down, on the wall, in the room等表示地點、時間或方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首,且主語是名詞而不是代詞時,句子用全部倒裝。In that picture, around the table with three books on it sit three students.(2015上海高考滿分作文)在圖畫中,三個學生圍坐在桌子周圍,桌子上有三本書。For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices
11、all shouting together.有一段時間什么也沒發(fā)生,然后傳來了大家一起喊叫的聲音。即時演練用倒裝句型進行句型轉(zhuǎn)換1(2016北京高考書面表達)His poems not only have a strong influence on the Chinese literature, but also they have been translated into many foreign languages.Not_only_do_his_poems_have_a_strong_influence_on_the_Chinese_literature,_but_also_they_h
12、ave_been_translated_into_many_foreign_languages.2(2016天津高考書面表達)You are so kind and considerate that we hope to be friends with you no matter where you are. So_kind_and_considerate_are_you_that_we_hope_to_be_friends_with_you_no_matter_where_you_are.3The children can grow up to be mentally and physica
13、lly healthy only in this way.Only_in_this_way_can_the_children_grow_up_to_be_mentally_and_physically_healthy.4He didnt begin to know how important the family was for him until he left his home.Not_until_he_left_his_home_did_he_begin_to_know_how_important_the_family_was_for_him.5A group of young men
14、rushed out, still discussing the performance with great interest.Out_rushed_a_group_of_young_men,_still_discussing_the_performance_with_great_interest.三、簡潔明了的省略結(jié)構(gòu)省略句的5種常見類型:1祈使句中通常省略主語、謂語的一部分、表語等重復的部分。(It) Sounds like a good idea.聽上去是一個好辦法。Are you thirsty?Yes, I am (thirsty)你口渴嗎?是的,我很渴。Lets meet at
15、the same place as (we met) yesterday.讓我們還在昨天的老地方見面。2兩個并列句中,后一個分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。My brother is a doctor and my sisterinlaw (is) a lawyer.我哥哥是醫(yī)生,我嫂子是律師。3在以when, while, once引導的時間狀語從句及以if, unless引導的條件狀語從句中和though, although引導的讓步狀語從句中,如果從句中的主語與主句中的主語一致或從句的主語為it,且從句中含有be動詞時,從句中可省去“主語be”部分。Unless (he is) inv
16、ited, he wont come.除非邀請他,否則他不會來。If (it is) possible, Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city.如果可能的話,我將去探望市里的幾家敬老院。4在限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞that, which, whom充當賓語,而且前面無介詞時可省略。He lost the watch (that/which) he bought yesterday.他丟了他昨天買的那塊表。5單獨使用不定式符號to代替動詞不定式后被省略的動詞,常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope
17、, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, try, want, wish等詞后;或放在表示情緒的某些形容詞后,代替被省略的動詞,常見詞有:glad, happy, pleased等,但是,如果不定式中含有be, have, have been時,則要保留be, have, have been。Will you please look after my house when Im away?Im glad to (look after your house when youre away)當我不在時,你能照看一下我家嗎?我愿意。Your work h
18、asnt been handed in, but it ought to have been.你的工作還沒有交上來,但是本應該交上來了。即時演練用省略結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯下列句子1我們的家鄉(xiāng)不再是以前的樣子了。Our_hometown_is_no_longer_what_it_used_to_be.2我有困難時總是向她求助。When_in_trouble,_I_always_turn_to_her_for_help.3最大的海洋與整個地球的大小比較起來算不了什么。When_compared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the_biggest_ocean_doesnt_seem_big_at_all.4那就是我想要讀的那本書。That_is_the_book_I_want_to_read.5你介意照看我的貓嗎?不,我愿意。Would_you_mind_looking_after_my_cat?Yes,_Id_love_to.- 5 -