2020屆高考英語二輪復習 寫作中的高級表達 妙記9 彰顯水平的特殊句式（強調、倒裝和省略）學案

妙記9 彰顯水平的特殊句式(強調、倒裝和省略)特殊句式是英語中的高級表達，其中，強調、倒裝句型和省略是最為常見的特殊句式，它們的準確使用能夠彰顯考生的英語水平，提高寫作檔次。一、重點突出的強調句型強調句型可強調除謂語動詞和表語外的其他任何成分，如主語、賓語、狀語等。強調句型的靈活運用不僅有助于增強表達效果，突出要強調的重點，更能彰顯考生對英語表達的把握能力。其基本結構為：It is/was被強調部分that/who句子其他部分。It was because of their help that a disaster was avoided.(2017·浙江高考讀后續(xù)寫)正是由于他們的幫助，才避免了一場災難。It is not only your enthusiasm but also your teamwork and good spirits that impress us.(2016·天津高考書面表達)不僅是你們的熱情，而且你們的團隊合作和良好的精神狀態(tài)給我們留下了深刻的印象。在寫作中，我們可以通過使用強調句型將句子提高到一個新的檔次。1It is/was被強調部分that/who句子其他部分It is because it's a good chance for you to learn the natural knowledge of China and make new friends that we really wish you can join us.(2017·浙江高考應用文寫作)這是因為它是你學習中國的自然知識和結交新朋友的好機會，我們真的希望你能加入我們。2Is/Was it被強調部分that/who句子其他部分？Was it in that park that the children saw the strange green objects?正是在那個公園里孩子們看見了那些奇怪的綠色物體嗎？3特殊疑問詞is/was it被強調部分that/who句子其他部分？When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher?是什么時候你下定決心要當一名志愿者老師的？4It is/was not until . that .“直到才”It was not until he got home 30 minutes later that he found he had left his bag in the taxi.直到到家三十分鐘后他才發(fā)現(xiàn)他的包落在出租車里了。5強調謂語時，用助動詞do/does/didWe did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the coming future.(2015·北京高考滿分作文)我們確實希望今后有更多有意義的活動。即時演練用強調句型進行句型轉換1By the way, I hope that you can help me improve my English writing ability, especially the proper use of vocabulary and some important grammar.(強調謂語) _By_the_way,_I_do_hope_that_you_can_help_me_improve_my_English_writing_ability,_especially_the_proper_use_of_vocabulary_and_some_important_grammar.(2015·四川高考書面表達)2The teacher's praise contributes to my success.(強調主語)It_is_the_teacher's_praise_that_contributes_to_my_success.(2015·湖南高考滿分作文) 3We spend the time and energy on the present that makes it valuable rather than the money we pay.(強調賓語)It_is_the_time_and_energy_we_spend_on_the_present_that_makes_it_valuable_rather_than_the_money_we_pay.(2014·重慶高考滿分作文)二、平衡句子的倒裝句型在寫作中，倒裝句型應用比較廣泛，涉及的句型主要包括部分倒裝和全部倒裝。1“only狀語”置于句首時，句子用部分倒裝。Only in this way can we students study happily and effectively.(2015·湖南高考滿分作文)只有用這種方式，我們學生才能愉快、有效地學習。2none, neither, nor, not, never, hardly, little, seldom等否定詞，以及表示否定意義的介詞短語如at no time, by no means等置于句首時，句子用部分倒裝。Hardly/No sooner had we arrived at the activity center when/than we signed up to participate in the Walking Contest.我們一到達活動中心就報名參加健步走比賽。3在so/such . that .結構中，當so/such .位于句首時，其后的句子用部分倒裝。So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.他開車如此粗心，以至于差點把自己害死了。4as/though“盡管”Try as she might, Mary couldn't get the door open.無論瑪麗怎樣努力，她就是打不開門。5Were/Should/Had .“如果”Were I two years younger, I would do something.如果我年輕兩歲，我可能會采取某種行動。Looking back, I feel I wouldn't be able to ride a bike had I lost heart.(2014·福建高考書面表達)回顧以往，我感覺如果我失去了信心就學不會騎自行車。6here, there, now, then, out, in, around, up, down, on the wall, in the room等表示地點、時間或方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首，且主語是名詞而不是代詞時，句子用全部倒裝。In that picture, around the table with three books on it sit three students.(2015·上海高考滿分作文)在圖畫中，三個學生圍坐在桌子周圍，桌子上有三本書。For a moment nothing happened. Then came voices all shouting together.有一段時間什么也沒發(fā)生，然后傳來了大家一起喊叫的聲音。即時演練用倒裝句型進行句型轉換1(2016·北京高考書面表達)His poems not only have a strong influence on the Chinese literature, but also they have been translated into many foreign languages.Not_only_do_his_poems_have_a_strong_influence_on_the_Chinese_literature,_but_also_they_have_been_translated_into_many_foreign_languages.2(2016·天津高考書面表達)You are so kind and considerate that we hope to be friends with you no matter where you are. So_kind_and_considerate_are_you_that_we_hope_to_be_friends_with_you_no_matter_where_you_are.3The children can grow up to be mentally and physically healthy only in this way.Only_in_this_way_can_the_children_grow_up_to_be_mentally_and_physically_healthy.4He didn't begin to know how important the family was for him until he left his home.Not_until_he_left_his_home_did_he_begin_to_know_how_important_the_family_was_for_him.5A group of young men rushed out, still discussing the performance with great interest.Out_rushed_a_group_of_young_men,_still_discussing_the_performance_with_great_interest.三、簡潔明了的省略結構省略句的5種常見類型：1祈使句中通常省略主語、謂語的一部分、表語等重復的部分。(It) Sounds like a good idea.聽上去是一個好辦法。Are you thirsty?Yes, I am (thirsty)你口渴嗎？是的，我很渴。Let's meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.讓我們還在昨天的老地方見面。2兩個并列句中，后一個分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。My brother is a doctor and my sister­in­law (is) a lawyer.我哥哥是醫(yī)生，我嫂子是律師。3在以when, while, once引導的時間狀語從句及以if, unless引導的條件狀語從句中和though, although引導的讓步狀語從句中，如果從句中的主語與主句中的主語一致或從句的主語為it，且從句中含有be動詞時，從句中可省去“主語be”部分。Unless (he is) invited, he won't come.除非邀請他，否則他不會來。If (it is) possible, I'm going to visit some homes for the old in the city.如果可能的話，我將去探望市里的幾家敬老院。4在限制性定語從句中，關系代詞that, which, whom充當賓語，而且前面無介詞時可省略。He lost the watch (that/which) he bought yesterday.他丟了他昨天買的那塊表。5單獨使用不定式符號to代替動詞不定式后被省略的動詞，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, try, want, wish等詞后；或放在表示情緒的某些形容詞后，代替被省略的動詞，常見詞有：glad, happy, pleased等，但是，如果不定式中含有be, have, have been時，則要保留be, have, have been。Will you please look after my house when I'm away?I'm glad to (look after your house when you're away)當我不在時，你能照看一下我家嗎？我愿意。Your work hasn't been handed in, but it ought to have been.你的工作還沒有交上來，但是本應該交上來了。即時演練用省略結構翻譯下列句子1我們的家鄉(xiāng)不再是以前的樣子了。Our_hometown_is_no_longer_what_it_used_to_be.2我有困難時總是向她求助。When_in_trouble,_I_always_turn_to_her_for_help.3最大的海洋與整個地球的大小比較起來算不了什么。When_compared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the_biggest_ocean_doesn't_seem_big_at_all.4那就是我想要讀的那本書。That_is_the_book_I_want_to_read.5你介意照看我的貓嗎？不，我愿意。Would_you_mind_looking_after_my_cat?Yes,_I'd_love_to.- 5 -